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Photographic 

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CIHM/ICMH 

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et  de  haut  en  has,  en  prenant  ie  nombre 
d'Images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
lllustrent  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

THE 


HISTORY 


OF   THE 


Wars  of  New-England  with  the  Eastern 

Indians, 


OK   A 


NARRATIVE 


Of  their   continued  Perfidy  and  Cruelty, 

From  the  10th  of  August,   1703, 

To  the  Peace  renewed  13th  of  My,  1713. 

And  from  the  25th  of  July,  1722, 

To  their  Submission  15th  December,  1725, 

Which  was  ratified  August  5th,  1726. 


'^'^ 


By  Samuel  Penhallow,  Esqr, 


Nescio  iu  quibus  es,  Lector,  lecturus  oeellis, 
Hoe  scio,  quod  sicds,  scribere  non  potui. 


(timinnaii : 


Re-printed  from  the  Boston  Edition  of  1726,  with  a  Memoir  and  ^otes,  for  W.  Dodge 

by  J.  Harpel.  corner  Third  &  Vine  Sts. 

1859. 


MEMOIR 


Hon.    SAMUEL    PEI^HALLOW, 

One  of  the  Counsellors  of  the  Province  of  JV^mv- Hampshire,  and 
author  of  a  Narrative  of  Indian  Wars,  &c. 

BY   NATHANIEL  ADAMS. 


To  trace  the  principal  events  in  the  lives  of  eminent  men  of 
former  times,  is  always  desirable,  but  frequently  attended  with 
difficulty.  Their  cotemporaries  have  not  always  been  careful 
to  record  those  deeds,  which  have  led  them  to  eminence;  nor 
has  tradition  in  every  instance  been  faithful  to  hand  them  down 
to  posterity  undiminished.  Time,  the  great  devourer  of  all 
things,  preys  upon  the  evidence  designed  to  perpetuate  virtuous 
actions  with  unabated  appetite ;  and  the  destroying  flames 
sometimes  consume  those  evidences  which  have  escaped  the 
ravages  of  time.  These  misfortunes  have  attended  the  author 
of  the  narrative  of  the  Indian  wars.  His  descendants,  some  of 
whom  now  fill  important  offices  in  the  State,  have  been  able  to 
preserve  but  few  anecdotes  respecting  him ;  and  a  diary  which 
he  kept  for  many  years,  in  which  he  had  noted  some  of  the 
most  remarkable  incidents  of  his  life,  as  well  as  the  passing 
events  of  the  day,  was  destroyed  by  the  fire,  which  laid  waste 
a  considerable  part  of  the  town  of  Portsmouth,  in  December, 
1805.  A  short  extract  from  this  diary  has  been  preserved  in 
the  collections  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society. 

Samuel  Penhallow  was  born  at  St.  Malion,  in  the  county  of 

Cornwall,  in  England,  the  second  dav  of  Julv,   1665.     His 

1  (3) 


■.      I 


vi 


i^rnioiv- 


ancestors  had  i^osscssccl  a  Inndod  estate  in  that  county.  His 
father  was  attached  to  tlie  dissenting  interest,  and  was  intimate 
with  the  Rev.  Charles  Morton,  rector  of  the  parish  of  Blislnnd  in 
the  same  county.  Morton  became  obnoxious  to  the  ruling  party, 
and  was  silenced  for  non-conformity  to  the  rites  and  ceremonies 
of  the  established  church.  He  removed  to  Newington-(j}reen, 
near  London,  where  he  opened  a  school  for  the  instruction  of 
youth,  in  the  various  branches  of  literature.  His  school  soon 
became  famous,  and  numbers  resorted  to  it  for  education.  In 
1683,  Penhallow  being  then  about  eighteen  years  of  age,  was 
placed  under  his  care.  He  pursued  his  studies  with  diligence, 
and  made  such  progress  as  not  only  to  gain  the  approbation  of 
his  instructor,  but  to  attract  the  attention  of  other  gentlemen  of 
science.  He  continued  with  Mr.  Morton  about  three  years,  and 
until  his  school  was  broken  up.  The  bishops  and  ecclesiastical 
authority  of  the  Church  did  not  choose  that  dissenters  and 
puritans  should  be  employed  to  superintend  the  education  of 
the  rising  generation ;  and  prohibited  Mr.  Morton  from  pursuing 
that  employment.  Mr.  Morton  then  determined  to  take  refuge 
in  New-England,  where  he  could  enjoy  that  liberty  of  conscience, 
which  was  denied  him  in  his  native  land.  He  had  an 
aifectionate  attachment  to  his  pupils,  and  requested  some  of 
them  to  accompany  him.  The  subject  of  this  memoir  was  one 
that  was  selected  on  this  occasion,  to  whom  Mr.  Morton  promised 
his  favour  and  assistance.  Penhallow  with  the  consent  of  his 
parents  accepted  the  proposals  ;  they  embarked  for  this  country 
and  arrived  here  in  July,  1686.  Before  they  left  England,  the 
society  for  propagating  the  gospel  among  the  Indians,  oifered 
Penhallow  twenty  pounds  sterling  a  year  for  three  years,  if  he 
would  make  himself  acquainted  with  the  Indian  language  ;  and 
sixt;y  pounds  a  year,  afterwards  during  life,  if  he  devoted 
himself  to  the  ministry,  and  preached  to  them  "at  times."    Soon 


i^rmoir. 


after  their  nrrival  here,  Mr.  Morton  had  an  invitation  to  take 

charge  of  the  church  at  Chariest  own,  which  he  acce])te(l.     How 

h)ng  Penhallow  continued  with  him  is  uncertain.     He  probably 

pursued  his  studies  for  sometime,  according  to  his  original  design 

of  qualifying  himself  for  the  ministry;   whilst  he  resided  at 

Charlestown  ho  was  admitted  a  member  of  the  church  under  Mr. 

Morton's  pastoral  care.     But  the  political  troubles,  which  took 

place  in  Massachusetts  about  this  time,  discouraged  him  from 

entering  into  the  ministry,  and  he  removed  to  Portsmouth ;  at 

what  precise  time  doth  not  appear.     Soon  after  his  settlement 

here,  he  married  Mary  Cutt,  a  daughter  of  President  Cutt.     She 

inherited  from  her  father,  a  Aaluable  patrimony,  part  of  which 

consisted  of  a  tract  of  land,  on  which  a  Inrge  |)ortion  of  the  town 

of  Portsmouth  is  built.     ]Mr.  Penhallow  engaged  in  trade,  and 

with  the  property  he  had  reccixed  by  his  wife,  accumulated  a 

great  estate.     He  erected  the  brick  house  which  stood  at  the 

head  of  the  pier ;  where  he  li^ed  in  a  style  superior  to  most  of 

his  follow  townsmen  of  that  day.     He  was  given  to  hospitality. 

His  house  was  open  to  every  stranger  of  distinction  who  visited 

the  town;  and  the  poor  found  in  him,  at  all  times,  a  friend 

ready  to  relieve  their  distress.     His  influence  in  the  town  was 

great,  and  he  took  in  active  part  in  the  management  of  their 

aftaii's.     He   was  e d-ly  appointed  a   magistrate,    and  in   the 

execution  of  that  office,  he  w\is  prom])t,  decisive  and  firm ;  and 

literally  "a  terror  to  e\il  doers."     So  great  was  his  abhorrence 

of  vice,  that  he  proceeded  with  great  scAxrity  towards  those  who 

wore  arraigned  T)efore  him,  especially  when  he  discovered  any 

sym]»toms  of  guilt.     He  received  a  mandamus  as  one  of  his 

Majesty's  Council,  and  took  his  seat  at  the  board.     For  some 

years  after  his  appointment,  the  business  of  the  Council  was 

conducted  Avitli   harmony,   or  at  least  without   any  personal 

altercation.     When  Lt.  GoA'ernor  Vaughan  took  his  seat,  he 
1* 


6 


i*lrmoir. 


assumed  nioro  jiowor  tlum  many  tlioiiQ;lit  Lf^lonffod  to  liim. 
Disputes  took  plnce  betwe<'ii  liini  niul  Governor  iShule  on  tlx^ 
sul)jeet.  rcMiliallow  waniily  ospous(Ml  the  cnuse  of  the  (loveriior 
and  oi)|)ose(l  Yaur^h.-ui's  pretentions.  V.-iuglj.in  lii.i;hly  resented 
Penhjdlow's  conduct,  and  suspended  him  from  the  council, 
(irovernor  Shute  luisteucd  to  Portsmoutli  as  soon  as  lie  heard 
of  those  transa<*tions,  re-instated  Peidiallow  and  sus])endod 
Vaughan.  Matters  were  soon  restored  to  their  former  peaceable 
state,  and  business  was  trnnsacted  with  its  usual  ease  and 
dec(>rum.  In  the  C(auicil,  Mr.  ]*enhallow  was  an  activo  and 
influential  member,  and  as  senior  counsellor,  he  presided  with 
dignity  and  impartiality. 

The  Recorder  of  deeds  was  appointed  by  the  house 
of  Representatives,  and  Mr.  Penh  allow  had  received  that 
api)ointment.  The  records  and  files  which  had  been  taken  from 
('hamberlaine,  were  dei)osited  in  the  Recorder's  office,  subject 
to  the  orders  of  the  General  Court.  Whilst  Lt.  Gov.  Usher 
was  in  office,  he  was  desirous  of  having  the  control  of  those 
j)apers,  because  he  expected  to  find  among  them  the  papers 
relating  to  Mason's  suits,  which  had  been  carefully  kept  from 
him.  He  procured  an  order  from  the  Lords  of  Trade  and 
Plantations,  who  had  the  direction  of  all  provincial  afl'airs,  that 
they  should  be  placed  in  the  secretary's  office.  Application  was 
made  for  them  to  Mr.  Penhallow,  but  he  absolutely  refused  to 
deliver  them  unless  he  was  authorized  to  do  it  by  an  act  of  the 
General  Court.  Neither  the  threats  nor  the  entreaties  of  the 
Lt.  Governor  had  any  influence  upon  him.  This  refusal  shews 
the  great  firmness  of  his  mind,  and  that  he  was  not  to  bo  over- 
awed by  persons  of  higlier  grade  in  office,  when  their  commands 
were  in  o])position  to  what  he  thought  his  duty. 

In  1714,  Mr.  Penhallow  was  aj)])ointed  a  Justice  of  the  Su- 
perior Court  of  •hulicalure;  an«]  in  1717.   Cliiof  .Tuj^tico  of  the 


Ittrmoiv. 


snmo  Court,  Avliicli  office  lio  licld  until  his  deatli.  A  ntrousr 
miiul,  improved  ])y  education,  added  to  his  long  acf|uaintan<-o 
with  })ublic  business,  enabled  him  to  discharge  the  duties  of  the 
(»ffiee  with  as  much  credit  to  himselt;  and  benetit  to  the  ]ml»lic, 
as  could  be  expected  from  anyone  not  bred  to  tlu;  ])rofession  of 
the  law. 

Mr.  Penhallow  likewise  lield  the  office  of  Treasurer  of  the 
Province  for  several  years ;  his  last  account  is  dated  the  9th  of 
November,  1726,  and  signed  by  him,  but  was  settled  by  his  Ex- 
ecutor with  a  committee  of  the  General  Court  after  his  decease. 
He  transferred  his  connexion  from  the  Church  in  Cliarlestown 
to  that  in  Portsmouth,  in  1717.  In  his  last  Avill  he  gave  a  legacy 
to  the  poor  of  the  church,  of  which  he  was  a  member,  and  an. 
other  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Fitch,  his  pastor. 

Judge  Penhallow  filled  many  of  the  most  important  offices  in 
the  government,  and  discharged  the  duties  attached  to  them 
with  great  integrity.  His  firmness  and  pcrseverence  were  es- 
sential (jualities  in  a  person  concerned  in  the  administration  of 
government,  in  the  turbulent  times  in  which  he  lived,  and  the 
publick  reaped  the  benefit  of  them.  His  attachment  to  the 
country  increased  with  his  residence  in  it,  and  he  used  his  con- 
stant endeavours  to  promote  its  best  interests. 

He  died  at  Portsmouth  the  second  day  of  Dec.  1726,  np;ed 
sixty-one  years  and  five  months. 


'    I 


THE 


OF  THE 


Wars  of  New-England  with  the  Eastern  Indians, 

OR  A 

NARRATI VE 

Of  their  continued  Perfidy  and  Cruelty, 

from  the  10th  of  August,  1703, 

To  the  Peace  renewed  13th  oUuly,  1713. 

And  from  the  26th  oi' July,  1722, 

To  their  Submission,  15th  December,  1726, 

Which  was  ratified  August  6th,  1726. 


Neacio  tn  tfuibus  es,  Lector,  lecturua  oeellU, 
Hoc  seio,  quod  siceia,  scribere  non  potul 


BOSTON: 
Printed  by  T.  Fleet,  for  8.  GerrlHh  at  the  lower  end  of  Corahlll  «nd  D  H.n.hn, 
over  ag.l«t  the  Brick  Meetlug-Houae  ,„  S;;i!lll:  mo 


The  Preface. 


JT  is  one  part  of  our  honor  and  happiness  in  this  country, 
among  the  many  difficulties  and  troubles  which  have  attended 
the  settlements  and  growth  of  it  unto  this  day,  that  there  have 
not  been  wanting  from  time  to  time,  honest  and  worthy  persons, 
and  some  learned,  who  have  delivered  down  to  i)osterity  a  plain 
and  true  account  of  the  wars  which  we  have  had  with  the 
Indian  natives  in  one  part  of  the  land  and  in  another. 

We  owe  much  to  those  who  have  done  us  this  service  from 
the  beginning,  and  they  have  herein  served  God,  as  well  as 
obliged  the  world.  For  it  always  has  been,  and  ever  is  like  to 
be  a  grateful  thing  to  mankind,  to  be  informed  of  the  rise  and 
growth  of  provinces,  and  of  the  sufferings  of  their  feeble  infant 
state.  From  the  days  of  Moses,  who  wrote  the  first  history, 
the  beginning  of  the  world,  and  of  Israel,  the  wise  and  pious 
among  men  have  scarcely  known  a  more  sacred  pleasure,  nor 
found  a  more  profitable  entertainment,  than  in  tracing  the 
footsteps  and  windings  of  Divine  Providence,  in  the  planting  of 
colonies  and  churches,  here  and  there,  tlirough  the  earth. 

Nor  let  it  seem  vain  in  me  to  say,  that  in  the  settlement  of 
the  I^ew-England  churches  and  provinces,  there  have  been 
some  circumstances  so  like  unto  those  of  Israel  of  old,  (after 
their  entrance  into  Canaan,)  that  I  am  ])ersuaded  no  people  of 

(9) 


10 


i^rrfacc. 


God  under  heaven  can  sing  of  his  mercies  and  judgments  in 
the  inspired  phrase*  with  more  direct  and  pertinent  application, 
than  we  can  do.  The  subject  of  the  following  book  affords  the 
most  special  instance  hereof;  namely,  that  although  our  merciful 
and  gracious  God  did  in  a  wonderful  manner,  cast  out  the 
heathen  before  our  fathers,  and  planted  them;  prepared  also 
room  before  them,  and  caused  them  to  take  deep  root  and  to  fill 
the  land,  so  that  the  vine  hath  sent  out  her  boughs  unto  the  sea, 
and  her  branches  upon  the  river ;  yet  to  humbly  improve  us, 
and  for  our  sins  to  punish  us,  the  righteous  God  hath  left  a 
sufficient  number  of  the  fierce  and  barbarous  savages  on  our 
borders,  to  be  pricks  in  our  ears,  and  thorns  in  our  sides,  and 
tliev  have  been  and  are  like  the  boar  of  the  woods  to  waste  us, 
and  the  wild  beast  of  the  field  to  devour  us. 

Wherefore,  on  principles  both  humane  and  religious,  I 
gladly  introduce  the  following  memoirs  to  the  public  view",  with 
my  heart}^  thanks  to  the  honorable  author  for  the  great  pains  he 
has  taken  (among  other  his  public  services)  to  transmit  these 
particulars  of  the  two  last  wars  with  the  Indian  enemy  down  to 
po>sterity,  that  the  generation  to  come  might  know  them,  and 
set  their  hope  in  God,  and  not  forget  his  works,  but  keep  his 
commandments. 

The  Reader  must  not  expect  much  entertainment  or  curiosty 
in  the  story  of  a  barbarous  war  with  cruel  and  perfidious  savages. 
It  is  the  benefit  of  posterity  in  a  religious  improvement  of  this 
dry  and  bloody  story,  that  we  aim  at,  in  preserving  some 
remembrance  thereof.  And  that  in  times  to  come,  when  we  are 
dead  and  forgotten,  materials  may  remain  for  a  continued  and 
entire  history  of  our  country ;  and  we  hope  that  they  who  come 
after  us  will  take  the  like  care  in  their  times  for  the  children 
that  shall  be  born. 


*70  and  80  rsnlniB,  kikI  purt  of  106,  IOC,  and  107  Psalnii. 


l^refacr. 


11 


Let  it  suffice,  in  praise  of  the  narrative,  if  the  facts  related 
be  true  and  exact,  and  that  the  style  be  familiar,  plain  and  easy, 
as  all  historical  memoirs  should  be  written.  As  to  the  truth  of 
it,  none  (I  suppose)  will  have  any  doubt,  to  whom  the  author 
is  known ;  and  to  whom  among  us  is  he  not  known  ?  Or  by 
whom  among  the  lovers  of  the  country  is  he  not  esteemed  for 
his  affectionate  regard  unto  the  civil  and  religious  liberties  of  it  ? 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Mather  wrote  the  Bemarkables  of  the  Eastern 
war  before  this,  from  the  year  1688  unto  the  year  1698,  ten 
years,  wherefore  he  called  his  book  Decennium  Liictuosum.  This 
book  may  claim  the  like  title,  for  the  first  war  here  related,  from 
August  10,  1703,  to  the  13th  July,  1713,  did  also  continue  just 
ten  vears. 

To  these  ten  vears  of  trouble  and  distress,  the  author  has 
added  an  account  of  another  but  shorter  war  of  three  years, 
from  July  25, 1722,  to  December  15, 1725,  when  the  savages  by 
their  delegates  renewed  their  submission,  and  signed  articles 
of  peace  in  the  Council  Chamber  in  Boston;  for  the  lasting 
effects  whereof  we  are  humbly  waiting  on  a  gracious  God  with 
our  earnest  prayers.  And  we  owe  abundant  praises  to  his  holy 
name  for  the  great  successes,  with  which  he  has  been  pleased 
to  crown  the  councils  and  arms  of  the  province  in  this  last  short 
war ;  to  the  humbling  the  insolent  enemy  and  bringing  them  so 
soon  to  sue  for  the  peace  which  they  had  broken.  Not  unto  us, 
0  Lord!  not  to  us,  but  to  thy  name  give  glory;  for  thy  mercy 
and  for  thy  truth  sake ! 

In  a  special  manner,  the  wonderful  \  ictory  obtained  August 
12,  1724,  over  the  l)old  and  bloody  tribes  at  Norridgewnlk,  aii<l 
their  sudden  destruction  that  memorable  day,  was  the  shigular 
work  of  God ; — And  the  officers  and  soldiers  piously  put  far 
from  themselves  the  honor  of  it.  The  plain  hand  of  providence. 
and  not  their  own  conduct,  facilitated    and   (|uickeiie(l    their 


n 


12 


iiiil    I 


ipvrfarf. 


march.  God  sent  them  timely  information  where  the  Indians 
had  placed  their  guards  upon  the  river,  that  they  might  shun 
them,  and  so  come  upon  the  town  undiscovered.  God  brought 
them  on  it  in  a  right  time,  when  the  fighting  men  were  just 
come  in  from  abroad,  and  the  next  day  (we  are  told)  they  were 
to  have  come  down  on  our  frontiers.  They  were  surprized  in 
the  height  of  security,  and  so  amazed  that  they  could  not  find 
their  hands  when  they  would  have  escaped.  This  destruction 
of  the  enemy  was  with  the  loss  of  only  one  life,  and  two  wounded 
on  our  part.  And  he,  who  was  the  father  of  the  war,  the 
ghostly  father  of  those  perfidious  savages,  like  Balaam  the  son 
of  Beor,  was  slain  among  the  enemy,  after  his  vain  endeavors 
to  curse  us. 

May  those  singular  favours  of  God  have  their  saving  effects 
on  us !  and  his  goodness  to  us  on  the  present  fruits  of  peace, 
which  we  are  about  to  reap ;  lead  us  to  repentance,  bind  us  to 
obedience,  raise  us  in  Devotion,  and  endear  his  blessed  name 
and  truths  and  ways  to  us.    Amen. 

BENJAMIN  COLMAN.* 
Boston,  Jan.  28,  1725—6. 

[■"Dr.  Colman,  one  of  the  most  eminent  divincH  of  New  Kn^Iand,  and  the  minister  of  the  church  in  Brattle- 
street,  from  August  4, 1099,  to  his  death  August  20, 1747,  was  a  native  of  Boston,  and  born  19th  Oct.  1C73,  and 
iirndiiatcd  at  Hiirvard  College,  in  1692.] 


Introduction. 


The  keeping  a  register  of  memorable  occurrences,  as  it  has 
been  the  practice  of  former  ages,  so  it  ought  to  be  continued  for 
the  advantage  of  posterity.  And  inasmuch  as  the  Divine 
Providence  has  placed  me  near  the  seat  of  action,  where  I  have 
had  greater  opportunities  than  many  others  of  remarking  the 
cruelty  and  perfidy  of  the  Indian  enemy,  I  thought  it  my  duty 
to  keep  a  record  thereof.  Not  that  at  first  I  designed  to  make 
these  memoirs  public,  but  now  am  persuaded  to  it  by  some 
whose  judgment  I  pay  a  deference  unto.  In  the  collecting 
them,  I  have  used  all  faithfulness ;  and  have  been  assisted 
therein,  not  only  from  the  abstracts  of  original  letters,  but  from 
persons  of  the  best  credit  and  reputation,  and  yet  doubtless 
some  small  occurrences  may  have  slipped  my  knowledge. 

I  might  with  Orosius  very  justly  entitle  this  history,  de 
miseria  hominum,  being  no  other  than  a  narr.ative  of  tragical 
incursions  perpetrated  by  bloody  pagans,  who  are  monsters  of 
such  cruelty,  that  the  words  of  Virgil  may  not  unaptly  be 
applied  to  them. 

Tristius  baud  illis  monstrum,  nee  Ssevior  ulla  pestis  et  ira  Deum. 

Who  are  as  implacable  in  their  revenge,  as  they  are  terrible 
in  the  execution  of  it;  and  will  convey  it  down  to  the  third 
and  fourth  generation.  No  courtesy  will  ever  oblige  them  to 
gratitude;  for  their  greatest  benefactors  have  frequently  fallen 
as  victims  to  their  fury. 

2  (13) 


t  • 


II 


.11    . 

35     I 


ii    : 


I 


i    ! 


i^  \ 


14 


fntrotriiction* 


The  Roman  spectacles  of  old,  were  very  lively  in  them  re- 
peated. God  has  made  them  a,  terrible  scourge  for  the  pun- 
ishment of  our  sins.  And  probably  that  very  sin  of  ours  in 
neglecting  the  welfare  of  their  souls.  For  we  have  not  expressed 
the  like  laudable  care  for  them,  as  hath  been  done  in  the  south- 
ern and  western  parts  of  the  country.  But  indeed,  we  have 
rather  aimed  to  advance  a  private  trade,  than  to  instruct  them 
in  the  principles  of  true  religion.  This  brings  to  my  remem- 
brance a  remarkable  saying  of  one  of  their  chief  sachems,  whom 
(a  little  before  the  war  broke  out)  I  asked,  wherefore  it  was  they 
were  so  much  bigotted  to  the  French,  considering  their  traffic 
with  them  was  not  so  advantageous  as  with  the  English  ?  He 
gravely  replied,  "  that  the  Friars  taught  them  to  pray,  but  the 
English  never  did." 

And  it  is  also  remarkably  observable,  that  among  all  the  set- 
tlements and  towns  of  figure  and  distinction,  not  one  of  them 
have  been  utterly  destroyed  wherever  a  church  was  gathered. 

But  if  the  eastern  parts  have  been  remiss,  this  should  no  ways 
detract  from  the  praise  of  that  incomparable  zeal  of  the  ven- 
erable Mr.  Eliot,  and  the  indefatigable  pains  which  the  re- 
nowned Mr.  Mayhew  and  others,  have  exercised  in  the  instruc- 
tion and  conversion  of  the  natives  in  their  parts  :  wherein  they 
were  so  far  successful  (through  the  blessing  of  God)  as  to  form 
many  churches  of  baptized  Indians ;  and  to  gather  many  assem- 
blies of  catechumens,  that  profess  the  name  of  Christ;  which 
remain  to  this  day  the  fruit  and  reward  of  their  labors,  will  be- 
speak their  praise  to  future  ages,  and  the  thanksgiving  of  many 
to  God. 

S.  P. 


THE    HISTORY 


07  THX 


Wars  of   New-England,   &c. 


TT  is  storied  of  Tissaphernes,  that  so  soon  as  he  entered  into 
a  league  with  Agesilaus,  king  of  Sparta,  he  studied  means 
whereby  to  infringe  and  violate  the  same.  Upon  which  Agesi- 
laus sent  his  Ambassadors  unto  him  to  return  him  thanks,  that 
by  so  doing,  he  had  made  the  Gods  his  enemies.  Now  consid- 
ering the  league  that  has  been  solenmized  with  the  Indians,  to- 
gether with  their  cruelty  and  treachery  so  notoriously  perpe- 
trated, it  is  no  wonder  if  in  the  sequel  of  this  history,  we  find 
them  under  some  signal  remark  of  the  Divine  displeasure. 

Not  that  I  am  insensible  that  many  have  stigmatized  the 
English,  as  chiefly  culpable  in  causing  the  first  breach  between 
them,  and  us  ;  by  invading  their  properties  and  defrauding  them 
in  their  dealings ;  but  to  censure  the  public  for  the  sinister  ac- 
tions of  a  few  private  persons,  is  utterly  repugnant  to  reason 
and  equity.  Especially,  considering  the  great  care  that  the 
legislative  power  had  taken  to  protect  the  natives  ai-d  their 
interests. 

What  hath  formerly  occurred  of  this  kind  is  none  of  my  busi- 
ness to  descant  upon  here ;  but  as  to  the  infraction  which  I  am 
about  to  make  mention  of,  I  never  yet  heard  the  least  word  in 
their  favour,  but  all  sorts  of  persons  do  condemn  their  perfidy. 

(15) 


16 


i3cni)aUoU)'!3  fntiiau  fflJUars. 


At  the  arriv  al  of  Governor  Dudley  in  the  year  1702,  the  whole 
body  of  Indians  was  in  a  tolerable  good  frame  and  temper ;  but 
being  animated  by  the  French,  they  soon  began  to  threaten  and 
insult  the  English :  upon  which,  in  the  succeeding  year,  June 
the  20th,  a  congress  was  appointed  at  Casco,  where  the  chiefs 
of  the  several  tribes  met,  viz :  Mauxis  and  Hopehood,  from  Nor- 
ridgewock,*  Wanungunt,  and  Wanadugunbuent,  from  Penob- 
scot, Wattanummon,  Adiawando  and  Hegen,  from  Penacookf 
and  Pigwacket. 

Mesambomett  and  Wexar,  from  Amasconty,  with  about  250 
men  in  65  canoes,  well  armed,  and  mostly  painted  with  variety 
of  colours,  which  seemingly  were  affixble  and  kind,  and  yet  in 
some  instances  gave  cause  of  jealousy. 

A  tent  being  fixed  for  entertaining  the  Governor  and  gentle- 
men who  accompanied  him,  together  with  the  Sagamores  ;  his 
Excellency  very  kindly  saluted  them,  saying ;  "  That  as  he  was 
commissioned  by  the  great  and  victorious  Queen  of  England, 
he  came  to  visit  them  as  his  friends  and  brethren,  and  to  recon- 
cile whatever  differences  had  happened  since  the  last  treaty." 

At  this,  they  made  a  pause,  but  after  a  short  intermission, 
Captain  Simmo,  who  was  their  orator,  arose,  and  said,  "  That 
they  acknowledged  his  favour  in  giving  them  a  visit  at  such  a 
juncture,  with  so  many  of  the  Council  and  gentlemen  of  both 
Provinces ;  assuring  him,  that  they  aimed  at  nothing  more  than 
peace ;  and  that  as  high  as  the  sun  was  above  the  earth,  so  far 
distant  should  their  designs  be  of  making  the  least  breach  be- 
tween each  other."  And,  as  a  testimony  thereof,  they  presented 
him  a  belt  of  wampum,  and  invited  him  to  the  two  pillars  of 
stones,  which  at  a  former  treaty  were  erected,  and  called  by  the 
significent  name  of  the  Two  Brothers ;  unto  which  both  parties 
went  and  added  a  greater  number  of  stones. 


[*Naridgowalk,  in  the  copy. 


t  Ponnecook,  in  the  copy.] 


N 


)9mf)alIob^g  Sntiian  WiaxB. 


17 


charged 


This  ceremony  being  performed,  several  volleys  were  dis- 
on  each  side;  and  the  Indians  added  their  usual 
dancing,  singing,  and  loud  acclamations  of  joy.  Trading-houses 
in  several  places  were  hereupon  engaged ;  and  that  the  price  of 
commodities  should  be  stated,  and  an  armorer  fixed  at  the  pub- 
lic charge.  Many  presents  were  also  made  them,  which  they 
kindly  received  ;  so  that  every  thing  looked  with  a  promising 
aspect  of  a  settled  peace :  And  that  which  afterward  seemed  to 
confirm  it,  was  the  coming  in  of  Captain  Bomazeen  and  Captain 
Samuel,  who  informed,  that  several  missionaries  from  the  Friars 
were  lately  come  among  them,  who  endeavored  to  break  the 
union,  and  seduce  them  from  their  allegiance  to  the  Crown  of 
England ;  but  had  made  no  impression  on  them,  for  that  they 
were  as  firm  as  the  mountains,  and  should  continue  so,  as  long 
as  the  sun  and  moon  endured. 

The  eastern  inhabitants,  who  before  had  thoughts  of  removing, 
were  now  encouraged  to  stand  their  ground ;  several  more  were 
also  preparing  to  settle  among  them,  partly  from  the  fertility  of 
the  soil,  the  plenty  of  timber,  the  advantage  of  fishery,  and  sev- 
eral other  inducements.  But  I  should  have  taken  notice  of  two 
instances  in  the  late  treaty,  wherein  the  matchless  perfidy  of 
these  bloody  infidels  did  notoriously  appear.  1st.  As  the  treaty 
was  concluded  with  volleys  on  both  sides,  as  I  said  before,  the 
Indians  desired  the  English  to  fire  first,  which  they  readily  did, 
concluding  it  no  other  but  a  compliment ;  but  so  soon  as  the 
Indians  fired,  it  was  observed  that  their  guns  were  charged  with 
bullets;  having  contrived  (as  was  afterwards  confirmed)  to 
make  the  English  the  victims  of  that  day.  But  Providence  so 
ordered  it,  as  to  place  their  chief  Councillors  and  Sachems  in 
the  tent  where  ours  were  seated,  by  which  means  they  could  not 
destroy  one  without  endangering  the  other !  2d.  As  the  Eng- 
lish waited  some  days  for  Watanummon  (the  Pigwacket  sachem) 


2* 


18 


Umljallobj's  tnliian  ffiHars. 


to  complete  their  Council,  it  was  afterward  discovered,  that 
they  only  tarried  for  a  reinforcement  of  200  French  and  Indi- 
ans, who  in  three  days  after  we  returned,  came  among  them ; 
having  resolved  to  seize  the  Governor,  Council  and  gentlemen, 
and  then  to  sacrifice  the  inhabitants  at  pleasure ;  which  proba- 
bly they  might  have  done,  had  they  not  been  prevented  by  an 
overruling  power. 

But  notwithstanding  this  disappointment,  they  were  still  re- 
solved on  their  bloody  design :  for  within  six  weeks  after,  the 
whole  eastern  country  was  in  a  conflagration,  no  house  standing 
nor  garrison  unattaeked.  August  10th,*  at  nine  in  the  morning, 
they  began  their  bloody  tragedy,  being  about  five  hundred  In- 
dians of  all  sorts,  with  a  number  of  French ;  who  divided  them- 
selves into  several  companies,  and  made  a  descent  on  the  sev- 
eral inhabitants  from  Casco  to  Wells,  at  one  and  the  same  time, 
sparing  none  of  every  age  or  sex.f  ^ 

As  the  milk  white  brows  of  the  grave  and  ancient  had  no  re- 
spect shown ;  so  neither  had  the  mournful  cries  of  tender  infants 
the  least  pity ;  for  they  triumphed  at  their  misery,  and  ap- 
plauded such  as  the  skilfullest  artists,  who  were  most  dexterous 
in  contriving  the  greatest  tortures  ;  which  was  enough  to  turn 
the  most  stoical  apathy  into  streams  of  mournful  sympathy  and 
compassion. 

The  town  of  Wells,  which  valiently  stood  its  ground  both  in 
the  former  and  latter  war,  sufi'ered  now  great  spoil,  nor  could 
escape  without  the  loss  of  39  that  were  killed  and  taken. 

Cape  PorpoiseJ  being  inhabited  only  by  a  few  fishermen, 
was  wholly  laid  desolate.  But  the  garrison  at  Winter-Harbor 
defended  itself  with  much  bravery ;  yet  it  was  at  last  overpow- 
ered by  force,  and  then  submitted  on  terms. 

[•>  In  the  year  1703.]  ~ 

[t  The  Indiana  took  and  killed  130  people.    I  Belknap,  2G4.] 
[J  Cape  Porposa  in  copy.] 


IJnifjallob^s  Intrian  fflfflars. 


19 


Saco-Fort  was  also  attacked  by  the  enemy  with  great  fury ; 
they  killed  eleven,  and  carried  twenty-four  captive. 

Spurwink,*  which  was  principally  inhabited  by  the  Jordon's, 
had  no  less  than  twenty-two  of  that  family  killed  and  taken. 

Those  at  Scarborough  were  mostly  in  garrison,  whom  the  In- 
dians not  willing  to  encounter,  sent  a  captive  before  with  a  flag 
of  truce ;  but  the  officer  being  acquainted  with  their  intrigues, 
slighted  the  message,  se(;ured  the  cajitiAo  and  nuule  a  vigorous 
defence.  However,  by  a  long  siege,  they  were  so  reduced,  that 
had  not  recruits  been  sent  them,  they  had  utterly  been  over- 
thrown. 

Perpooduckf  was  of  all  places  (tor  number)  the  greatest  suf- 
ferers, being  but  nine  families,  and  no  garrison  to  retire  unto ; 
neither  any  men  at  home,  where  they  took  eight,  and  inhu- 
manly butchered  twenty-five;  among  whom  was  the  wife  of 
Michael  Webber,  who  being  big  with  child,  they  knocked  her 
on  the  head,  and  ript  open  her  womb,  cutting  one  part  of  the 
child  out ;  a  spectacle  of  horrid  barbarity. 

Casco,J  which  was  the  utmost  frontier,  commanded  by  Ma- 
jor March,  who  was  all  this  while  insensible  of  the  spoil  that 
the  Indians  had  done,  was  saluted  by  Mauxis,  Wanungonet,  and 
Assacombuit,  three  of  their  most  ^'alient  and  puissant  Sachems. 
They  gradually  advanced  with  a  flag  of  truce,  and  sent  one  be- 
fore them,  to  signify  that  they  had  matter  of  moment  to  impart 
to  him.  At  first,  he  slighted  the  message,  but  on  second 
thoughts  went  out  to  meet  them  ;  they  seeming  to  him  but  few 
in  number,  and  unarmed:  however  he  ordered  two  or  three 
sentinels  to  be  ready  in  case  of  danger.     Their  voice  to  him  at 


[■^Spurwink  is  the  settlement  near  Kichmond'a  island  in  Maine.  It  waa  the  seat  of  Kohcrt  Trelawney  who 
early  came  over,  and  bad  a  grant  of  nearly  all  the  lands  in  Cape  Elizabeth,  and  of  the  lauds  on  the  neck  of  Casco, 
and  extending  some  way  into  the  country.] 

[f  Perpooduck  is  the  point  directly  opposite  Portland.    Greenleaft  Eccl.  Hist.,  p.  87.] 

{%  Casco  waa  what  was  anciently  called  Falmouth.    SuUi'ran,  p.  213.] 


20 


^JmfjaUoto's  Inbian  WLax^. 


first  seemed  like  the  voice  of  Jacob,  but  their  hands  were  like 
the  hands  of  Esau :  With  their  tmffues  they  used  deceit^  and  the 
poison  of  asps  was  vnder  their  lips.  For  no  sooner  had  they  sa- 
luted him,  but  with  hatchets  under  their  mantles  they  violently 
assaulted  him  ;  having  a  number  that  lay  in  ambush  near  them, 
who  shot  down  one  of  his  guards :  but  being  a  person  of  uncom- 
mon strength,  as  well  as  courage,  he  soon  wrested  a  hatchet 
from  one  of  them,  with  which  he  did  good  execution.  Yet  if 
sergeant  Hook  (with  a  tile  of  ten  from  the  fort)  had  not  speedily 
succoured  him,  they  wi^>uld  soon  ha^'e  overi)owered  him.  Mr. 
Phippeny  and  Mr.  Kent,  who  accompanied  him,  were  attacked 
by  others,  and  soon  fell  by  their  fury ;  for  being  advanced  in 
years,  they  were  so  infirm,  that  1  might  say  of  them  as  Juvenal 
did  of  Priam,  they  had  scarce  blood  enough  left  to  tinge  the 
knife  of  the  sacrifice. 

The  enemy  being  defeated  in  this  their  design,  fell  upon  the 
several  cottages  which  lay  round,  and  destroyed  all  they  could. 
But  the  Major  on  rallying  his  men  together,  seeing  nothing  but 
fire  and  smoke,  divided  them  into  three  parts,  which  were 
twelve  in  each,  and  interchanged  them  every  two  hours,  who 
thus  continued  six  days  and  nights  without  the  least  intermis- 
sion ;  by  which  time  the  whole  body  of  Indians  came  together, 
being  upwards  of  five  hundred,  besides  French  commanded  by 
Monsieur  Bobasser,  who  had  ransacked  and  laid  waste  the  sev- 
eral settlements  before  mentioned ;  and  being  flushed  with  suc- 
cess, having  taken  one  sloop,  two  shallops,  and  much  plunder, 
attempted  to  undermine  the  fort  from  the  water  side,  in  which 
they  proceeded  two  days  and  nights,  and  probably  would  have 
effected  their  design,  if  they  had  not  been  prevented  by  the  ar- 
rival of  Capt.  Southack,  who  raised  the  siege,  retook  the  shal- 
lop, and  shattered  their  navy,  which  was  upwards  of  200 
canoes. 


13rni)alloUj's  {ntiian  Wlais. 


21 


On  TiK^stlay  after,*  Caj^t.  Tom,  with  thirty  Indlnns,  made  a 
(h^sf-ent  (»ii  Uam))ton  viUngo,  whore  they  slow  tour,  besides  the 
widow  AFiissoy,  who  was  a  remarkable  s[)(^alviim-  (Quaker,  and 
iiiueh  hiriented  by  that  sect.  Thev  also  ritletl  two  houses  near 
the  garrison,  but  tearing  a  ))ursuit,  drew  oft";  it  being  generally 
observed,  that  they  seldom  annoy  but  by  surprize.f 

By  this  time,  I'apt.  Summersby  was  ordered  with  his  troop 
to  Portsmouth,  and  Capt.  Wadlcy  to  Wells,  with  the  like  com- 
pany of  Dragoons;  many  coneluding  that  the  eastern  parts 
would  V)e  the  seat  of  action;  and  vet  a  few  davs  after,  advice 
was  brought  from  Deerfield,  (as  a  forerunner  of  some  greater 
evil,)  of  two  men  taken  and  carried  to  Canada  ;  which  so  alarm'd 
the  eountrv,  to  see  the  frontiers  insulted  two  hundred  miles  in 
length,  that  on  September  2(5th,  the  Governor  ordered  3G0  men 
to  Pigwacket,  one  of  their  principal  head-quarters  ;  but  thro'  the 
difficulty  of  the  passage,  and  unskilfulness  of  the  guides,  they 
returned  without  any  discovery. 

Capt.  Davis  at  the  same  time  had  the  like  misfortune,  who 
went  to  the  ponds,  but  it  seemed  the  enemy  went  eastward  :  For 
on  the  6th  of  October,  Capt.  Hunnuell  with  nineteen  men,  as 
they  w'ere  going  to  work  in  their  meadows  at  Black  point,J 
were  way-laid  by  two  hundred  Indians,  who  at  one  str(jke  killed 
and  took  the  whole  body  excepting  one,  who  like  Job's  messen- 
ger was   preserved  to  give  the   melancholy  account   thereof. 

Upon  this  they  attacked  the  fort,  where  only  eight  men  were 
left  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Wyatt,  who  by  the  encour- 
agement of  Capt,  Willard,  and  Caj^t.  Wells,  that  were  there  in 
two  sloops,  stood  their  ground  some  time,  but  being  afterwards 


[•  August  17, 1703.] 

[fOn  tho  8th  October,  170:t,  Zrbcdiah  Williams  and  Jnhn  Nims,  wore  taken  prisnaejii  at  Deerfield,  and  car- 
ried to  Canada.  Williams  died  thore ;  Nims,  with  some  others,  uiadu  his  escape  and  returned  to  Deerfield  in 
1706.     Vol.  I  of  the  N.  H.  Hid.  Society  n  col] 

[I  Black  point  was  one  part  of  Scarborough,  Me.     Vol.  1  N.  B.  Hist.  Soc.  col.\ 


22 


iPmftallotP^s  fntiian  «ars. 


dispirited,  they  went  on  board  Capt.  Wells,  and  the  enemy  set 
the  deserted  garrison  on  fire. 

Another  company  of  Indians  commanded  by  Sampson  fell  on 
York,  where  they  slew  Arthur  Brandon's  wife  and  five  children, 
carrying  captive  with  them  the  widow  Parsons  and  her  daughter. 

The  former  attempt  on  Pigwacket*  proving  unsuccessful. 
Colonel  March  went  a  second  time  with  the  like  number  of  men, 
where  he  killed  six  Indians  and  took  as  many  more  with  some 
plunder,  which  was  the  first  reprisal  that  we  made ;  but  the 
enemy  dispersing  into  small  parties,  did  much  more  mischief 
than  in  larger ;  which  put  the  country  into  a  far  greater  confu- 
sion, insomuch  that  there  was  no  safety  to  him  that  went  out, 
nor  him  that  came  in,  but  dreadful  calamity  on  every  side.f 
Terror  uhique  tremor 

At  Berwick,  they  ambushed  five,  and  as  the  store  ship  was 
entering  Casco,  they  entertained  them  so  unexpectedly  with  a 
volley  of  shot,  that  the  Master  with  three  more  were  slain,  and 
two  in  the  boat  wounded. 

The  general  assembly  being  sensibly  afi^ected  with  the  state 
of  matters,  and  disposed  to  a  vigorous  prosecution  of  the  war, 
enacted,  that  forty  pounds  should  be  given  for  every  Indian 
scalp,  which  prompted  some,  and  animated  others,  to  a  noble 
emulation.  Capt.  Tyng  was  the  first  that  embraced  the  tender, 
who  in  the  depth  of  winter,  went  to  their  head  quarters,  and  got 
five,  for  which  he  received  two  hundred  pounds.  Major  Hilton 
also  with  five  companies  more  made  the  like  essay,  and  so  did 
Capt.  Stephens,  but  returned  with  no  other  laurel  than  the 
safety  of  themselves  and  company. J 

[•>  Thta  word  is  differontly  spelt.    Wlnthrop  has  it  Pegwaggell ;  SulUvan,  Peckivnlket  and  Pickwocket ;  Belknap, 
PigwaokM.    The  true  orthography  Is  said  to  be  Peqwimkeli.     Vol.  1  N.  H.  Hiat.  Soc.  col] 

[t  The  BuccesB  of  Colonel  March  encouraged  the  government  to  oft'cr  a  bounty  of  .£40  for  scalps.    1  Belknap,  266.] 
[{  Capt.  John  Gihnan  of  Exeter,  Capt.  Cheslcy  and  Capt.  Davis  of  Oyster  river,  marched  with  their  companies 
on  snow  shoes  into  the  woods  ;  but  returned  without  success.    1  Belknap,  2C6.] 


|3rn!)aUoU)'s  fmtiian  Wiaxs. 


23 


The  enemy  went  on  daring  and  successful.  They  frequently 
followed  the  tracks  of  our  men  in  their  marches  :  At  Berwick, 
they  killed  one,  wounded  another,  and  burnt  two  houses.  After 
that  they  made  a  descent  on  Andrew  Neal's  Grarrison,  where 
they  were  vigorously  repulsed  by  Capt.  Brown,  who  killeTl  nine 
on  the  spot  and  wounded  many  more,  which  so  enraged  those 
wretches,  that  at  their  return  they  executed  their  revenge  on 
Joseph  Ring,  who  was  then  a  captive  among  them,  whom  they 
fastened  to  a  stake  and  burnt  alive ;  barbarously  shouting  and 
rejoicing  at  his  cries. 

February  8th,  Joseph  Bradley's  garrison  of  Haverhill  was 
unhappily  surpriz'd  by  a  small  scout,  who  skulking  at  a  dis- 
tance, and  seeing  the  gates  open  and  none  on  the  sentry,  rushed 
in  and  became  masters  thereof.  The  housewife  perceiving  the 
misery  that  was  attending  her,  and  having  boiling  soap  on  the 
iire,  scalded  one  of  them  to  death.  The  sentinel  within  was 
slain,  and  she  with  several  others  were  taken ;  which  was  the 
second  time  of  her  captivity.  But  that  which  heightened  her 
affliction  was  being  with  child,  and  yet  obliged  to  travel  in  a 
deep  snow,  under  a  heavy  burden,  and  many  days  together 
without  subsistence,  excepting  a  few  liits  of  skin,  ground-nuts, 
bark  of  trees,  wild  onions,  and  lilly  roots.  Nevertheless  she 
was  wonderfully  supported,  and  at  last  safely  delivered ;  but  the 
babe  soon  perished  for  want  of  nourishment,  and  by  the  cruelty 
of  the  Indians,  who,  as  it  cried,  threw  hot  embers  in  its  mouth. 
After  a  year's  bondage,  she  was  sold  to  the  French  for  eighty 
livres,  and  then  redeemed  by  her  husband. 

The  use  of  snow-shoes  appearing  very  requisite  for  marching 
in  the  winter  season,  occasioned  an  act  in  both  provinces  for 
supplying  the  frontiers  therewith  :  And  this  season,  which  be- 
fore was  dreaded  as  most  hazardous,  was  now  the  time  of  great- 
est safety,  and  of  less  difficulty  in  travelling. 


M 


lPenlJa^oU)^6  fntiian  Wiax^. 


But  the  southern  parts  not  thinking  themselves  in  so  much 
danger  did  in  a  little  time  become  secure,  which  the  enemy 
taking  notice  of,  fell  on  Deerfield,  of  which  the  Rev.  Mr.  Stod- 
dart  gave  me  the  following  account.  That  Colonel  Schuyler, 
who  was  always  a  kind  and  faithful  intelligencer,  gave  timely 
warning  thereof,  which  awakened  some,  but  was  slighted  by 
others  :  However,  Mr.  Williams,  the  worthy  pastor  of  that  place, 
was  strongly  possessed  that  the  town  would  in  a  little  time  be 
destroyed ;  signifying  as  much  in  his  publick  ministry,  and  pri- 
vate conference ;  and  could  not  be  satisfied  till  he  had  got  twen- 
ty soldiers  to  be  posted  there.  A  few  nights  before  the  assault 
was,  they  were  strangely  amused,  by  a  trampling  noise  round 
the  fort,  as  if  it  were  beset  by  Indians.  Towards  morning,  being 
February  29th,  the  enemy  sent  scouts  to  discover  the  posture  of 
the  town,  who  observing  the  watch  walking  in  the  streets,  re- 
turned and  put  them  to  a  stand ;  Awhile  after  they  sent  again 
and  were  advised  that  all  was  then  still  and  quiet :  upon  which, 
two  hours  before  day,  they  attacked  the  fort,  and  by  the  advan- 
tage of  some  drifts  of  snow,  got  o^  er  the  walls.  The  whole  body 
was  above  two  hundred  and  fifty,  under  the  command  of  Mon- 
sieur Arteil,  who  found  the  people  fast  asleep  and  easily  secured 
them.  The  most  considerable  part  of  the  town  thus  fell  into 
their  hands. 

They  left  no  garrison  unattacked,  excepting  that  of  Capt. 
Wells ;  but  at  Benoni  Stebbins's  they  met  with  some  repulse, 
and  lost  several.  Sixty  of  the  English  fell,  whereof  many  were 
stifled  in  a  cellar ;  and  a  hundred  were  taken  captive,*  who 
with  a  melancholy  countenance  condoled  each  other's  misery, 
yet  durst  not  express  the  anguish  of  their  souls.  That  day  and 
night  were  spent  in  plundering,  burning  and  destroying.     The 


A 


I 


[*  The  names  of  those  persons  who  were  killed  and  taken  captive  at  Deerfield  at  this  time,  are  preserved  in 
KoT.  Mr.  William's  Redecmtd  CuiMve.    Appendix.] 


?Penf)allotD's  fntiian  WLaxs. 


26 


i 


next  morning  they  withdrew  into  the  woods,  carrying  with  them 
their  plunder  and  captives ;  among  whom  was  the  Reverend 
Mr.  Williams,*  (before  mentioned)^ whose  sufferings,  with  his 
neighbors,  through  a  deep  snow,  over  mountainous  desarts, 
were  exceeding  great ;  besides  many  trials  and  fears  which  they 
labored  under. 

The  country  being  alarmed,  several  hastened  to  their  relief; 
about  thirty  of  those  which  first  came,  charged  the  enemy  in 
the  rear,  and  being  strengthened  with  a  further  supply,  pursued 
them  with  good  success ;  but  the  enemy  returning,  and  being 
much  superior  in  number,  killed  nine  of  ours  in  the  skirmish. 

The  day  after,  there  was  a  considerable  confluence  from  the 
lower  towns,  as  well  as  from  the  county  of  Hartford,  but  for 
want  of  snow-shoes,  were  unable  to  pursue  them.  Some  of  our 
captives  then  in  Canada,  knowing  the  enterprize  that  was  on 
foot,  sent  several  letters  unto  their  friends,  which  the  enemy 
did  carefully  put  into  a  bag,  and  hung  it  upon  the  limb  of  a  tree 
in  the  high  way  ;  which  letters  were  afterwards  found  and  gave 
satisfaction  of  those  that  were  then  alive  among  them. 

While  the  Indians  by  land  were  every  way  distressing  of  us, 
the  French  by  sea  were  as  industrious  to  impoverish  us, 

April  7th,  1704,  they  fitted  out  a  privateer  shallop  with 
twenty  seven  men,  to  intercept  our  southern  trade  as  they  came 
laden  with  provisions  ;  which  if  they  had  succeeded  in,  would 
not  only  have  supplied  their  own  indigent  forces,  but  the  Indi- 
ans also ;  (who  were  then  forming  a  desperate  design  against 
us)  but  through  the  favor  of  ^od  to  us,  they  were  cast  away  on 
Plymouth  shore.     A  like  signal  favour  to  us  was  the  taking  a 

[  <>  Rev.  John  Williams  was  son  of  Stephen  Williams,  Esq.  of  Roxbnry,  \rher«  he  waa  born  Deo.  10,  1664 ; 
gnduated  at  Harvard  College,  1683  ;  ordained  the  first  minister  in  Deerlield,  May,  ItlSU  ;  captured  by  the  Indians, 
Teh.  29, 1704;  returned  from  captivity  and  arrived  at  Boston,  Nov.  21, 1706;  died  June  12, 1729.  He  published 
•  narrative  of  his  captivity  and  sufferings  entitled  "  The  Redeemed  Captive  returning  to  Zion,"  which,  in  1795, 
had  passed  through  six  Editions.     Fo(.  1  If.  H.fHM.  8oe.  eol] 

3 


^enf)alloto's  fntiian  WiaxB. 


store-ship  of  theirs  (by  our  Virginia  fleet)  of  forty  guns,  bound 
to  Canada,  in  which  were  twenty  officers,  two  thousand  small 
arms,  with  amunition  answerable ;  besides  a  vast  number  of  cru- 
cifixes, and  presents  of  a  greater  value  for  encouraging  the  In- 
dians in  acts  of  hostility  against  the  English.  In  the  engage- 
ment, their  General  was  slain,  the  only  man  that  fell  in  battle, 
by  whose  interest  those  stores  were  procured ;  which  loss  was 
so  affecting,  that  (as  some  of  our  captives  afterwards  reported) 
it  caused  a  deep  humiliation  throughout  Canada  a  considerable 
time  after. 

As  the  spring  advanced,  it  was  thought  necessary  to  guard 
the  frontiers  with  fresh  troops,  upon  which.  Major  Mason  with 
ninety  five  of  the  Pequod,  and  Mohegan  Indians,  were  posted 
at  Berwick,  who  at  first  were  very  terrifying  to  the  enemy :  Yet 
frequent  assaults  were  afterwards  made  at  a  little  distance,  as 
on  April  25th,  Nathaniel  Meadar  was  shot  while  at  work  in  his 
field.  They  mangled  his  dead  corpse  after  a  barbarous  manner. 
Next  day,  they  kill'd  Edward  Taylor  near  Lamprey-Eel  River, 
and  after  that  took  his  wife  and  son,  whom  they  carried  to  Can- 
ada, and  she  was  afterwards  redeemed.  From  thence,  they 
went  to  Cochecho,  expecting  to  have  made  Mr.  Waldron  the 
victim  of  that  day ;  but  being  happily  from  home,  they  missed 
their  aim.  However  they  surprized  a  servant  of  his,  as  she 
went  to  the  well  for  water,  whom  (after  they  had  examined  con- 
cerning her  master,  the  state  of  the  garrison,  and  other  affairs) 
they  knocked  on  the  head,  but  the  stroke  not  proving  fatal,  she 
afterwards  recovered. 

After  this,  several  were  assaulted  in  the  road  to  Wells, 
whereof  two  were  killed,  one  taken,  and  another  made  his  es- 
cape. 

May  13th,  an  express  came  from  North-Hampton,  advising, 
that  about  break  of  day,  a  company  of  French  and  Indians,  fell 


$enf)allob's  hxtmn  Wiax^. 


«7 


■  1 


on  a  fortified  house,  at  Pascomuck,*  where  no  watch  being  kept, 
the  people  were  alarmed  in  their  beds,  by  the  noise  of  the  ene- 
my's rushing  on  the  house ;  and  before  the  inhabitants  could 
rise,  the  Indians  had  got  their  guns  through  the  port-holes,  and 
shot  those  that  first  appeared,  killing  some  and  wounding  oth- 
ers. The  surprized  people  made  what  resistance  they  could, 
firing  briskly  on  the  enemy ;  but  the  house  being  soon  set  on 
fire,  they  were  forced  to  yield  themselves  prisoners.  The  enemy 
soon  drew  off,  but  fearing  a  pursuit,  dismissed  one  of  the 
wounded,  with  this  caution,  that  if  the  English  followed  them, 
they  would  slay  the  prisoners ;  but  the  unfortunate  messenger 
in  returning  back,  was  slain  by  another  Indian.  On  the  same 
morning,  another  party  attacked  a  farm  house,  two  miles  off; 
but  the  fury  of  the  dogs  so  alarmed  the  inhabitants,  that  they 
instantly  got  up  and  fired  several  guns,  to  very  good  advantage, 
which  prevented  any  further  attempt.  As  for  those  at  Pasco- 
muck, they  were  immediately  pursued  ;  three  made  an  escape, 
eight  were  rescued,  nineteen  slain,  and  three  carried  to  Canada. 
Next  day,  Major  Whiting  pursued  them  with  a  number  of 
horses,  and  came  upon  their  track,  but  the  ways  were  so  im- 
passable, that  they  sent  their  horses  back  with  a  resolve  to  fol- 
low them  on  foot,  but  some  proving  lame,  and  others  tiring, 
caused  the  rest  to  desist.  I  would  here  remark,  that  a  little  be- 
fore the  troubles  at  Pascomuck,  and  the  farm-house  before  men- 
tioned, the  people  at  Springfield  heard  a  great  shooting ;  unto 
some  it  seemed  to  be  at  Westfield,  to  others  at  a  village,  and  to 
some  again  in  the  woods ;  so  that  many  hastened  to  their  as- 
sistance ;  but  when  they  came  all  was  still  and  quiet,  the  reason 
whereof  is  hard  to  assign,  and  yet  we  have  repeated  instances 
in  history  of  the  like  nature. 
Under  all  those  sufferings  from  a  cruel  enemy,  little  or  no 

[*  Now  »  p«rt  of  II!Mt>Hiunptoii,  MMSMsbuMtta.] 


28 


)Pmf)aUoto^£(  inhian  WLax^. 


!l 


•  1 


11 


i 


Hi 


impression  could  ever  be  made  by  us  upon  them,  by  reason 
of  their  retiring  into  unaccessable  swamps,  and  mountains. 
Wherefore  it  was  determined,  that  Major  Church,  who  was  so 
eminently  serviceable  in  the  former  war,  should  visit  their 
head  quarters,  according  to  a  scheme  which  he  had  projected. 

No  sooner  was  his  commission  granted,  but  he  raised  a  con- 
siderable number  of  volunteers  out  of  Plymouth  colony  both  of 
English  and  friend  Indians,  and  marched  to  Nantaskett  for  fur- 
ther instructions;  where  the  following  gentlemen  were  ap- 
pointed officers  under  him,  viz.  Colonel  Gorham,  Major  Hilton, 
Captain  John  Brown,  Constant,  and  Edward  Church,  Cole,  Dyer, 
Lamb,  Cook,  Harreden,  Williamson,  and  Myrick,*  with  five 
hundred  and  fifty  men  and  fourteen  transports,  and  with  thirty 
six  whaleboats,  which  were  guarded  by  Capt.  Smith,  Rogers, 
and  Southack,  in  three  ships  of  war.  After  they  were  equipped, 
they  sailed  to  Pascataqua,  to  make  up  their  complement  from 
thence.  May  16th,  they  sailed  eastward,  visiting  all  parts  as 
they  want  along,  till  they  came  to  the  Green  Islands,  where 
they  took  Monsieur  Lafebure,  and  his  two  sons,  with  a  Canada 
Indian.,  whom  they  examined  apart :  The  father  at  first  seemed 
surly  and  crooked,  and  the  young  men  were  much  of  the  like 
temper,  but  being  told  what  they  must  trust  unto  in  case  they 
did  not  confess,  were  afterwards  submissive,  and  promised  to 
pilot  them  wherever  they  were  directed.  Upon  this,  the  trans- 
ports and  whaleboats  were  ordered  to  be  in  readiness,  and  every 
man  to  have  a  week's  provision ;  from  hence,  they  paddled  to 
Penobscot,  and  with  the  assistance  of  D.  Young,  whom  they 
brought  out  of  Boston  Gaol  on  purpose  for  a  pilot,  killed  and 
took  a  considerable  number  both  of  French  and  Indians,  among 


p 


[  <»  The  names  of  the  officers  under  Col.  Church,  as  glren  in  his  memoirs  of  the  expedition,  were  U.  Col.  John 
Oorham,  Mi^jor  Winthrop  Hilton,  Captains  John  Brown,  James  Cole,  John  Cook,  Iwwv!  Mirlck,  John  Harradon, 
Constant  Ohnrch,  John  Dyer,  Joshua  Lamb,  Caleb  Williamson,  and  Edward  Church.     Vol.  I  N.  E.  Bit.  8oc,  col.] 


'.  I' 


]Peni)allob^g  {nbtan  WLats. 


29 


whom  was  St.  Casteen's  daughter.    From  thence  they  went  to 
Passamaquodda,  and  Mount  Desart,  where  they  met  the  three 
ships  of  war  according  to  appointment.    Their  custom  was  to 
rest  in  the  day,  and  row  in  the  night ;  and  never  to  fire  at  an 
Indian  if  they  could  reach  him  with  a  hatchet,  for  fear  of  alarm- 
ing them.     Here  they  seized  the  old  Lotriell  and  his  family, 
after  that.  Monsieur  Gruorden,  and  Sharkee,  who  a  little  before 
came  with  a  commission  from  Canada  to  form  an  expedition 
against  the  English.    No  sooner  had  our  forces  arrived  here, 
but  orders  were  sent  them  from  Boston,  forthwith  to  sail  to 
Port-Royal,  expecting  some  store  ships  from  France,  which  was 
welcome  news  for  officers  and  soldiers.     But  they  missed  their 
expectations :     However,  the  ships  stood  off  the  harbor  while 
the  land  forces  went  to  Menis,  where  a  council  of  war  was  held, 
and  Lieut.  Giles  was  sent  to  the  town  with  a  flag  of  truce  and 
summons  to  surrender;  their  answer  was,  "that  if  our  forces 
"  would  not  hurt  their  estates,  they  would  surrender,  otherwise, 
"  were  resolved  to  stand  their  ground."     Upon  which,  a  descent 
was  made  upon  them  that  night,  but  little  effected  until  the 
morning,  and  then  the  forces  drew  up  and   drove  all  before 
them. 

There  was  at  this  time  a  considerable  plenty  of  brandy  and 
claret  in  their  houses,  which  rather  proved  a  snare  than 
service  to  our  men  ;  especially  the  Indians,  who  naturally  af- 
fect strong  drink,  but  this  was  soon  prevented,  by  breaking  in 
the  heads  of  the  casks.  Lieut.  Baker  and  one  more  were  killed 
in  this  attack,  and  not  above  six  died  in  the  whole  expedition. 
Most  of  their  houses  were  burnt,  and  much  plunder  taken,  but 
with  as  little  effusion  of  blood  as  possibly  could  be.  The  Gen- 
eral ordered  their  dams  to  be  dug  down,  and  their  fortifications 
to  be  laid  in  ashes.     Having  as  great  success  as  reasonably 

could  be  expected,  throughout  all  the  territories  of  L' Acadia, 
3* 


30 


iPeiiftallob^s  Intrian  ffl®ar». 


and  Nova  Scotia,  where  he  took  a  hundred  prisoners,  burnt  and 
laid  waste  all  the  French  settlements,  (except  the  town  of  Port 
Royal)  a  great  many  cattle  were  also  killed,  and  the  Indians 
driven  into  sucli  confusion,  that  they  left  their  wigwams  and  re- 
tired into  private  cells. 

On  July  4th,  a  council  of  war  was  called  to  concert  what  next 
to  do,  who  resolved,  that  as  the  Fort  was  alarmed,  the  enemy 
was  more  numerous  than  at  first ;  and  that  as  many  of  our  men 
were  tired  and  defective,  it  would  be  best  to  return ;  which  was 
also  consented  unto  by  our  sea  officers.  But  notwithstanding 
the  fatigue  that  this  worthy  gentlemen  had  undergone,  and  the 
dangers  he  had  run ;  the  spoil  he  had  done ;  and  the  victories 
he  won,  yet  he  could  not  escape  the  censures  of  many.  Some 
indeed  extolled  his  valor  and  conduct  even  to  an  hyperbole, 
while  others  endeavoured  to  lesson  it  with  as  much  disgrace  and 
infamy.  Some  thought  he  did  too  much,  others  too  little :  But 
after  one  and  another  has  passed  their  sentiments,  the  General 
Assembly  (which  was  then  sitting)  voted  him  thanks  for  the  good 
services  he  did  both  to  the  queen  and  country. 

The  Governor  of  Port  Royal  being  in  fear  of  a  new  enterprize, 
sent  Lewis  Allein  as  a  spy,  under  the  colour  of  a  flag  of  truce, 
with  six  prisoners,  (whereof  Mr.  Hoddy  of  Piscataqua  was  one) 
to  observe  and  know  the  motion  of  the  English.  But  being  sus- 
pected, he  was  apprehended  and  searched,  and  in  his  pocket-book 
was  found  this  direction ;  "That  if  any  enterprise  was  on  foot,  he 
should  (in  his  advice  book)  join  L.  A.  the  two  first  letters  of  his 
name  close  together ;  if  it  was  only  in  agitation,  to  place  them  at 
some  distance ;  But  if  nothing  was  in  motion,  then  to  sign  a  cross." 

While  our  forces  were  engaged  in  visiting  the  enemy  abroad, 
great  care  was  taken  of  covering  the  frontiers  at  home ;  and  yet 
very  daring  assaults  were  frequently  made  by  small  numbers. 
At  Oyster  river,  they  wounded  William  Tasket,  and  at  Dover 


■^ 


^ImfjalloiD's  Inbian  Wiaxs. 


81 


they  waylaid  the  inhabitants  as  they  returned  from  publick  wor- 
ship :  After  that,  they  killed  a  lad  near  Casco  fort.  About  the 
same  time,  some  of  the  enemy  were  fishing  up  Connecticut  river, 
and  being  tracked  by  a  small  scout  of  our  volunteers,  one  Eng- 
lishman and  five  Mohegan  Indians,  they  pursued  them  to  such 
advantage,  that  they  slew  the  whole  company,  save  one,  which 
were  nine  in  number.  Mr.  Caleb  Lyman,  (now  Elder  of  a 
church  in  Boston)  was  leader  in  this  hardy  action,  and  has  fa- 
voured us  with  the  following  account  of  it. 

Mr.  Caleb  Lyman's  account  of  eight  enemy  Indians  killed  by  himself 

and  five  friend  Indians. 

"  Some  time  in  the  month  of  May,  1704,  there  came  intelli- 
gence from  Albany,  of  a  number  of  enemy  Indians  up  Connecti- 
cut river,  who  had  built  a  fort,  and  planted  corn,  at  a  place 
called  Cowassuck.     On  the  fifth  of  June  following,  we  set  out 
(by  order  of  authority)  from  Northampton,  and  went  nine  days 
journey  into  the  wilderness,  (through  much  difficulty,  by  reason 
of  the  enemy's  hunting  and  scouting  in  the  woods,  as  we  per- 
ceived by  their  tracks  and  firing)  and  then  came  across  some 
fresh  tracks,  which  we  followed  till  we  came  in  sight  of  the 
abovesaid  river :     Supposing  there  might  be  a  number  of  Indi- 
ans at  hand,  we  being  not  far  from  the  place  where  the  fort  was 
said  to  be  built.    Here  we  made  a  halt,  to  consult  what  methods 
to  take ;  and  soon  concluded  to  send  out  a  spy,  with  green  leaves 
for  a  cap  and  vest,  to  prevent  his  own  discovery,  and  to  find  out 
the  enemy.     But  before  our  spy  was  gone  out  of  sight,  we  saw 
two  Indians,  at  a  considerable  distance  from  us,  in  a  canoe,  and 
so  immediately  called  him :     And  soon  after  we  heard  the  firing 
of  a  gun  up  the  river.     Upon  which  we  concluded  to  keep  close 
till  sun-set ;  and  then  if  we  could  make  any  further  discovery  of 


ill 


32 


^mtalloto's  Intiian  Wiats. 


11 


the  enemy,  to  attack  them,  if  possible,  in  the  night.  And  ac- 
cordingly when  the  evening  came  on,  we  moved  towards  the 
river,  and  soon  perceived  a  smoke,  at  about  half  a  mile's  dis- 
tance, as  we  thought,  where  we  afterwards  found  they  had  taken 
up  their  lodging.  But  so  great  was  the  difficulty,  that  (though 
we  used  our  utmost  care  and  diligence  in  it)  we  were  not  able 
to  make  the  approach  till  about  two  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
when  we  came  within  twelve  rods  of  the  wigw^am  where  they 
lay.  But  here  we  met  with  a  new  difficulty,  which  we  feared 
would  have  ruined  our  design.  For  the  ground  was  so  covered 
over  with  dry  sticks  and  brush,  for  the  space  of  five  rods,  that 
we  could  not  pass,  without  making  such  a  crackliag,  as  we 
thought  would  alarm  the  enemy,  and  give  them  timo  to  escape. 
But  while  we  were  contriving  to  compass  our  design,  Grod  in  his 
good  providence  so  ordered,  that  a  very  small  cloud  arose, 
which  gave  a  smart  clap  of  thunder,  and  a  sudden  shower  of 
rain.  And  this  opportunity  we  embraced,  to  run  through  the 
thicket ;  and  so  came  undiscovered  within  ►ight  of  the  wigwam ; 
and  perceived  by  their  noise,  that  the  enemy  were  awake.  But 
however,  being  unwilling  to  lose  any  time,  we  crept  on  our 
hands  and  knees  till  we  were  within  three  or  four  rods  of  them. 
Then  we  arose,  and  ran  to  the  side  of  the  wigwam,  and  lired  in 
upon  them :  and  flinging  down  our  guns,  we  surrounded  them 
with  our  clubs  and  hatchets  and  knocked  down  several  we  met 
with.  But  after  all  our  diligence,  two  of  their  number  made 
their  escape  from  us :  one  mortally  wounded,  and  the  other  not 
hurt,  as  we  afterwards  heard. 

When  we  came  to  look  over  the  slain,  we  found  seven  dead 
upon  the  spot :  six  of  whom  we  scalped,  and  left  the  other  un- 
scalped.  (Our  Indians  saying,  they  would  give  one  to  the 
country,  since  we  had  each  of  us  one,  and  so  concluded  we 
should  be  rich  enough.)    When  the  action  was  thus  over,  we 


?Penf)aUoto's  *uDian   WXats 


as 


took  our  scalps  and  plunder,  such  as  pi  ns,  skims,  &c.  and  the 
enemy's  canoes,  in  which  we  came  down  tlio  river  about  twelve 
miles  by  break  of  day,  and  then  thought  it  prudence  to  dismiss 
and  break  the  canoes,  knowing  there  were  some  of  the  enemy 
betwixt  us  and  home. 

And  now,  all  our  care  being  how  to  make  a  safe  and  comfort- 
able return,  we  first  looked  over  our  provision,  and  found  we 
had  not  more  than  enough  for  one  small  refi'eshment :  and  being 
above  one  hundred  miles  from  any  English  settlement,  we  were 
very  thoughtful  how  we  should  subsist  by  the  way.  For  having 
tracked  about  thirty  of  the  enemy  a  little  before  us,  we  could 
not  hunt  for  our  subsistence  for  fear  of  discovery ;  and  so  were 
obliged  to  eat  buds  of  trees,  grass  and  strawberry  leaves,  for  the 
space  of  four  or  five  days,  till  through  the  goodness  of  God,  we 
safely  arrived  at  Northampton,  on  the  19th  or  20th  of  the  afore- 
said June.  And  some  time  after,  (upon  our  humble  petition  to  the 
Great  and  General  Court,  to  consider  the  service  we  had  done) 
we  received  thirty-one  pounds  reward.  And  I  have  only  this 
to  observe,  that  in  consequence  of  this  action,  the  enemy  were 
generally  alarmed,  and  immediately  forsook  their  fort  and  corn 
at  Cowassuck,  and  never  returned  to  this  day  that  we  could 
hear  of,  to  renew  their  settlement  in  that  place."* 

I  beg  the  country's  leave  to  observe,  how  poorly  this  bold  ac- 
tion and  great  service  was  rewarded.  No  doubt  they  looked 
for,  and  well  deserved,  eight  times  as  much ;  and  now  the  pro- 
vince would  readily  pay  eight  hundred  pounds  in  the  like  case : 
but  a  gracious  God  has  recompensed  to  the  Elder,  I  trust,  both 
in  the  blessings  of  his  providence  and  grace. 

The  French  in  Canada  were  now  forming  another  design  on 
North  Hampton,  of  which  we  had  seasonable  advice ;  yet  two 


[■^May  11,  1704,  John  Allen  and  his  wife  were  killed  at,  or  near  Deerfleld.    Sergeant  Haski  was  wounded 
about  the  aame  time,  but  eRcaped  to  Hatfield.     Vol.  1  N.  H.  Will.  Hoc  cnl.] 


34 


13enl)aUoto*!5  {iibian  Wars. 


men  were  killed  going  to  Doertiold.  After  that,  came  in  a  French 
deserter,  who  informed  of  the  state  of  the  army  that  was  then 
coming.  Upon  this,  expresses  and  scouts  were  every  way  sent 
to  observe  their  motion  :  Mnjor  Whiting  with  a  considerable 
number  went  to  the  Ponds,  whore  he  expected  to  give  them  bat- 
tle, but  they  were  gone  from  thence,  leaving  their  canoes  behind, 
which  he  burnt.  Their  whole  body  were  seven  hundred,  with 
two  Friars,  under  the  command  of  Monsieur  Boo<!ore,  who  in 
their  march  began  to  mutiny  about  the  plunder  which  they  had 
in  view,  and  expected  to  be  master  of;  forgetting  the  proverb 
about  dividing  the  skin  before  the  bear  was  killed.  Their  dissen- 
tion  at  last  was  so  great,  that  upwards  of  two  hundred  returned 
in  discontent.  However  the  rest  came  on,  and  sent  scouts  be- 
fore to  observe  the  posture  of  the  English,  who  reported,  that 
they  were  as  thick  as  the  trees  in  the  woods.  Upon  which  their 
spirits  failed,  and  more  of  their  number  deserted.  They  then 
called  a  council  of  war,  who  resolved  to  desist  from  the  enter- 
prise. Yet  some  staid,  and  afterwards  fell  on  Lancaster  and 
Grroton,  where  they  did  some  spoil,  but  not  what  they  expected, 
for  that  these  towns  were  seasonably  strengthened.* 

Capt.  Tyng  and  Capt.  How  entertained  a  warm  dispute  with 
them  for  some  time,  but  being  much  inferior  in  number,  were 
forced  to  retreat  with  some  loss  ;  yet  those  that  were  slain  of 
the  enemy,  were  more  than  those  of  ours.  One  of  them  was  an 
officer  of  some  distinction,  which  so  exasperated  their  spirits, 
that  in  revenge,  they  fired  the  Meeting-House,  killed  several 
cattle,  and  burnt  many  out-houses.  About  the  same  time,  Capt. 
Allen,  from  Westfield,  discovered  a  small  party  with  whom  he 


[  *  July  19, 1702,  Thomas  Riusell  of  Dcerfield  was  killed.] 

[  The  Indiana  commenced  their  attack  on  Lancaster  on  the  3Ut  Jnly,  early  In  the  morning.  In  their  llrst 
onset,  they  killed  Lieut.  Nathaniel  Wilder,  near  the  gate  of  his  own  garrtaon  ;  and  on  the  same  day,  three  othera, 
vi«.  Abraham  How,  John  Spaiildlng  and  Benjamin  Hutching,  near  the  aam*  Oarrlaon.  Bev,  Mr.  Harriugioti' $ 
Onhiry  Sermnn.'\ 


M 


)^enl)alloU)'0  irnbtan  tl^iSlais. 


35 


had  a  skirmish,  and  lost  ono  man,  but  killed  three,  and  rescued 
a  captive.  After  this,  between  Hndley  and  Quabaug,*  we  had 
one  wounded  and  another  slain.  By  this  time  cjune  Major 
Tailor  with  his  troop,  (who  always  distinguished  himself  of  an 
active  spirit  to  serve  his  country,)  Capt.  Prescott,  Bulkley,  and 
Willard,  with  their  companies,  who  were  so  vigorous  and  in- 
tense in  pursuing  the  enemy,  that  they  put  them  all  to  flight. 
And  yet  a  little  while  after  they  fell  on  Groton  and  Nashua, 
where  they  killed  Lieut.  Wyler  and  several  more.  It  was  not 
then  known  how  many  of  the  enemy  were  slain,  it  being  cus- 
tomary among  them  to  carry  off  their  dead:  however,  it  was 
afterwards  affirmed,  that  they  lost  sixteen,  besides  several  that 
were  wounded.f  After  this  they  divided  into  smaller  parties 
and  did  much  mischief,  as  at  Ai.esbury,  Haverhill,  and  Exeter. 
August  11th,  they  wounded  Mark  Giles  of  Dover,  (with  his  son) 
who,  through  anguish  of  pain,  and  much  effusion  of  blood,  ex- 
pired a  few  days  after.  At  the  same  time,  another  party  fell 
on  York,  where  they  slew  Matthew  Austin  near  the  garrison, 
and  then  went  to  Oyster  River,  where  they  killed  several  while 
at  work  in  their  field. 

The  live  nations  of  Indians  which  are  called  bv  the  name  of 
Oneidas,  Onondagas,  Cayugas,  Senekas,  and  Macquas,J  all  this 
while  stood  neuter,  but  being  like  to  be  influenced  by  the  French 
missionaries,  who  came  among  them,  Colonel  Townsend  and 
Mr.  Leverett,  fi'om  the  Massachusetts,  Capt.  Gold  and  Capt. 

[•i*NowBrookfleId.] 

[  t  On  the  8th  of  August,  1704,  as  several  persoDS  were  busy  lu  spreading  flax,  on  a  plain,  about  eighty  roda 
from  tlie  houHe  uf  Mr.  Thomas  Rice,  and  a  number  of  boys  wUh  them,  a  number  of  Indians,  seven  or  ten,  sud- 
denly rushed  down  a  woody  hill  near  by,  and  knocked  on  the  head  Nahor  Rice,  the  youngest  boy,  and  seized 
Asher  and  Adonljah,  sons  of  Mr.  Thomas  Rice,  and  two  others,  Silas  and  Timothy,  sons  of  Mr.  Edmund  Rice,  and 
carried  them  away  to  Canada.  The  persons  engaged  in  spreading  flax,  escaped  safely  to  the  house.  Asher,  in 
about  four  years,  returned,  being  redeemed  by  his  father.  Uis  brother,  Adonijali,  grew  up  in  Canada,  and  mar- 
ried there.  Silas  and  Timothy  mixed  with  the  Indians  ; .  jst  their  mother  tongue,  had  Indian  wives,  and  children 
by  them  ;  and  lived  at  Cagnawaga.  The  last  became  the  third  of  the  six  chiefs  of  the  Cagnawagos,  and  was  known 
among  them  by  the  name  of  Oughtsorongoughton.    See  Whilney'i  Hittory  of  Woreetter,  p.  121 — 123.] 

[  X  OneydM,  OnondagM,  Cayonges,  Hennochea,  and  Macquaui  in  the  copy.     Vol.  1  N,  U.  UUt,  Boo.  ooi.j 


36 


iPenf)alloU)'s  Imtrian  Wars. 


i'i 


Si :  ■ 

ill  . 


Levinston  from  Connecticut,  were  commissionated  to  give  them 
a  visit,  and  strengthen  tlie  alliance  with  them,  which  they  did 
to  so  good  effect,  that  they  promised  to  take  up  the  hatchet, 
whenever  the  Governor  of  New- York  should  desire  it.  But 
why  so  fair  an  opportunity  was  lost,  when  the  interest  of  New- 
England  lay  bleeding,  was  matter  of  surprise  and  admiration  to 
some,  of  censures  and  reflections  to  others.  The  only  account 
we  can  give  of  it  is  the  vast  trade  between  the  Dutch  and  Indi- 
ans; for  the  sake  of  which,  that  government  have  always  cho- 
sen to  restrain  their  Indians  from  joining  with  us  in  our  wars. 
In  the  midst  of  war  there  seems  a  secret  league  between  them 
and  the  Governor  of  Canada,  not  to  suffer  the  least  breach  to 
be  made  on  one  another  by  any  of  their  Indians. 

But  although  mv  design  was  onlv  'to  remark  the  barba- 
rous  insults  of  those  bloody  Pagans  on  the  territories  of  New- 
England  ;  yet  I  think  it  not  improper  to  take  a  short  view  of 
their  descent  on  Newfoundland,  considering  the  nearness  of  its 
situation,  and  that  several  of  our  Eastward  Indians  were  con- 
federate with  them. 

On  the  18th  of  August,  one  hundred  and  forty  French  and  In- 
dians, in  two  sloops,  early  in  the  morning,  from  Placentia,  ar- 
rived at  Bonavista  and  surprised  the  Pembroke  Galley,  the 
society  of  Pool,  and  a  leaser  vessel,  in  which  was  thirty  ton  of 
oil :  Capt.  Gill  oi  Oharlestown  was  there  at  the  same  time,  in  a 
ship  of  fourteen  guns,  with  twenty-four  men.  He  was  furiously 
attacked,  but  defended  himself  with  great  courage  and  good  con- 
duct, from  divers  bold  and  desperate  attempts  which  they  made 
upon  him.  When  he  had  beat  them  at  small  arms,  they  then 
brought  the  Galley  to  bear  upon  him  with  her  great  guns,  which 
he  retui'ned  in  the  like  language.  They  then  set  fire  to  the  So- 
ciety, witii  an  expectation  of  burning  him  alive ;  but  the  wind 
proving  contrary,  drove  her  ashore  on  a  rock,  where  she  soon 


?Penf)aUoto's  Ihxtiian  MKats. 


37 


consumed.  They  then  set  the  lesser  ship  on  fire,  which  burnt 
to  such  a  degree  by  reason  of  the  oil,  that  it  would  soon  have 
devoured  him,  had  not  the  buoy-rope  of  the  anchor  got  between 
the  rudder  and  the  stern,  and  kept  off  the  blazing  war  from  him. 
The  situation  of  the  fort  was  such,  as  that  it  was  not  able  to  pro- 
tect the  town  of  St.  Johns,  upon  which  it  was  wholly  laid  in 
ashes,  the  inhabitants  being  mostly  fled  into  the  woods.  The 
loss  that  Capt.  Gill  sustained  in  the  whole  encounter,  was  but 
one  man  slain  and  two  wounded. 

I  now  return  to  the  westward,  where,  on  the  25th  of  October 
the  enemy  aid  some  mischief.  Lancaster  was  alarmed,  and  the 
alarm  was  the  means  of  the  untimely  death  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Gardiner,*  their  worthy  pastor.  Several  of  the  inhabitants  who 
belonged  to  the  garrison,  were  wearied  by  hard  travelling  the 
day  before,  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy.  This  caused  this  good  man 
out  of  pity  and  compassion,  to  watch  that  night  himself;  accord- 
ingly he  went  into  the  box  which  lay  over  the  flanker,  where 
he  staid  till  late  in  the  night :  but  being  cold,  (as  was  supposed) 
he  was  coming  down  to  warm  himself,  when  one  between  sleep- 
ing and  waking,  or  surprised  through  excess  of  fear,  fired  upon 
him,  as  he  was  coming  out  of  the  watch-house,  where  no  man 
could  rationally  expect  the  coming  of  an  enemy. 

Mr.  Gardiner,  although  he  was  shot  through  the  back,  came 
to  the  door  and  bid  them  open  it,  for  he  was  wounded.  No 
sooner  did  he  enter,  but  he  fainted  away :  As  he  came  to  him- 
self, he  asked  who  it  was  that  shot  him,  and  when  they  told  him, 
he  prayed  God  to  forgive  him,  and  forgave  him  himself,  believ- 
ing that  he  did  it  .not  on  purpose ;  and  with  a  composed  frame 
of  spirit,  desired  them  that  bewailed  him  not  to  weep,  but  pray 
for  him  and  his  flock.  He  comforted  his  sorrowful  spouse,  and 
expired  within  an  hour. 

[  *'  Mr.  Andrew  (iardlner,  who  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1691!,  and  wan  invited  to  Rettla  in  the  minintry, 
at  Lancaater,  in  May,  I'^Ol,  Imt  probably  bnd  not  been  ordaiued.     Vol.  1  N.  B.  Hitt.  8oe.  col.] 


38 


ilenfjalloto's  iritimn  Wiat^. 


The  Indian  harvest  being  now  gathered,  and  the  winter  ap- 
proaching, the  enemy,  like  beasts  of  prey,  retired  to  their  pri- 
vate cells :  but  concluding  it  necessary  to  discover  their  head 
quarters,  it  was  resolved  that  Col.  Hilton,  with  two  hundred  and 
seventy  men,  should  go  to  Narridgewalk  *  with  twenty  days' 
provision:  at  which  time  the  country  appeared  like  a  frozen 
lake,  the  snow  four  feet  deep  ;  yet  neither  officers  nor  soldiers 
were  in  the  least  discouraged ;  but  when  they  came  unto  the  fort, 
could  not  discover  the  least  step  of  an  Indian,  only  a  few  de- 
serted wigwams,  and  a  large  chapel,  with  a  vestry  at  the  end 
of  it  which  they  set  on  fire. 

The  winter  season  requiring  snow  shoes,  an  express  was  sent 
Col.  Patrick  to  supply  the  frontiers  therewith,  which  he  no  sooner 
forwarded,  but  the  express  was  intercepted  by  a  Montreal  scout, 
who  robbed  him  of  iifty  pounds  that  he  had  in  his  pocket,  which 
at  their  return  they  jiresented  to  the  Governor,  who  converted  it 
into  a  b(  .1,  and  called  it  by  the  name  of  the  New-England  gift. 

Early  \u  the  spring,  Capt.  Larraby  was  ordered  to  cruise  on 
the  shore  of  L'Accadia,  and  defeat  the  French  from  their  fish- 
ery, having  Whale-boats  to  attend  him :  Capt.  Fowle  was  also 
dispatched  in  a  sloop  of  war,  who  on  the  northward  of  Cape  Sa- 
bles took  a  small  vessel  formerly  belonging  to  the  English, 
which  had  cattle  and  sheep  on  board  her.  Soon  after  he  took 
five  prisoners  at  Port  Rosua,t  and  three  at  L'Have,  burnt  a 
few  houses,  and  killed  some  cattle ;  but  the  inhabitants  were  so 
miserably  poor,  and  their  circumstances  so  desperate,  that  they 
rather  chose  to  be  prisoners  among  the  English,  than  at  liberty 
among  the  French. 

May  the  4th,  1705,  Capt.  Hill,  who  was  formerly  taken  at 

[  *  Norridgowock.  This  name  has  been  subject  to  as  many  methods  of  spelliug  as  its  neighbor,  Androscoggin . 
It  was  an  ancient  celebrated  Indian  town,  on  the  Kcnncbeck  River,  about  84  miles  from  its  mouth,  by  the  course 
of  the  river.    SuHivun,  p.  31— 32.] 

[t  Probably  Port-Boseway.] 


I 


i3enf)alloto^»  Inbian  Wiax^. 


39 


Wells  and  carried  to  Canada,  was  from  thence  sent  by  Mon- 
sieur Vaudriell,  to  concert  the  exchange  of  prisoners,  who  ad- 
vised of  one  hundred  and  seventeen  that  were  then  with  him, 
and  about  seventy  more  with  the  Indians ;  which  unexpected 
news  was  very  reviving  to  the  dejected  spirits  of  their  mournful 
friends,  considering  the  many  deaths  they  escaped  in  their 
captivity. 

Upon  the  advice  hereof,  Capt.  Levin  ston  was  sent  to  Canada, 
to  capitulate  about  the  matter,  and  after  him  Capt.  Appleton, 
and  Mr.  Sheldon  (with  seventy  prisoners  of  theirs)  who  went 
by  water,  having  ordered  a  scout  before  of  ten  men  by  land  to 
advise  of  their  coming,  that  so  our  prisoners  might  be  in  readi- 
ness. But  the  Jesuits  and  Friars  had  by  this  time  so  influenced 
the  Governor,  as  to  cause  him  to  break  his  word  of  honor, 
pretending,  that  as  the  Indians  were  independent  and  a  free 
born  people,  that  he  had  no  power  to  demand  any  ca])tives  of 
them  ;  when  at  the  same  time  they  were  so  much  in  subjection 
and  vassalage  unto  him,  that  they  never  formed  an  enter- 
prise without  liim,  neither  did  they  dare  to  attempt  it  without 
his  knowledge 

Now,  althoiio-h  the  expense  and  industry  of  our  commission- 
ers in  this  a  flair  was  very  great,  yet  notwithstanding  they  could 
not  obtain  above  sixty  captives  out  of  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
seven,  Avhich  was  scandalously  base  and  dishonorable  in  that 
government. 

The  descent  that  the  enemy  again  made  on  Newfoundland, 
was  more  terrible  and  surprising  than  the  former  ;  for  on  Jan- 
uary 2Ist,  at  break  of  day.  Monsieur  Supercass,  Governor  of 
Placentia,  came  with  five  hundred  and  fifty  French  from  Can- 
ada, Port-Royal,  and  other  places  adjacent,  and  a  company  of 
Salvages,  of  whom  Assacombuit  was  chief;  who  ransacked  and 
laid  waste  all  the  southern  settlements  in  a  few  davs,  and  then 


40 


^enf)alloto's  Intiian  Wiax^, 


fell  on  St.  John's,  where  in  the  space  of  two  hours  all  were  be 
come  prisoners  of  war,  excepting  those  in  the  castle  and  fort.' 
The  night  before  the  enterprise,  they  were  obliged  to  lie  on  a  bed 
of  snow,  six  feet  deep,  for  fear  of  being  discovered,  which  caused 
such  cold  ;iiid  numbness  in  the  joints  of  several,  that  the  Gren- 
eral  vowed  revenge,  and  accordingly  executed  his  resentment,  for 
that  he  destroyed  all  before  him,  and  gave  no  quarter  for  some 
time,  till  Monsieur  Boocore,  who  was  a  gentleman  of  more  hu- 
manity, did  interpose  and  abate  his  fury.  The  number  that 
they  took  alive  was  one  hundred  and  forty,  whom  they  sent  unto 
the  garrison,  not  out  of  pity  to  the  prisoners,  but  with  a  design 
to  starve  the  whole.  After  that,  they  laid  close  seige  to  the  gar- 
rison and  fort,  which  continued  thirty  days  without  relief ;  (ex- 
cepting three  who  made  their  escape  to  the  former,  and  seven- 
teen to  the  latter.)  In  the  fort  were  only  forty  men  under  the 
command  of  Capt.  Moody,  and  twelve  in  the  castle  under  Capt. 
Lotham,  who  behaved  themselves  with  such  bravery,  that  they 
slighted  all  manner  of  tenders  that  were  made  them  of  surren- 
dering, with  the  highest  contempt  imaginable. 

Upon  this,  the  enemy  committed  many  barbarities,  and  sent 
several  threatenings ;  but  they  had  no  influence  either  on  offi- 
cers or  soldiers,  for  they  plied  their  bombs  and  mortar-pieces 
to  so  good  eifeet,  that  they  killed  several,  and  lost  but  three  in 
the  whole  engagement. 

After  this,  they  steered  to  Consumption  Bay,  having  first 
demolished  all  the  English  settlements  in  Trinity  and  Bona- 
vista,  where  they  burnt  their  stages  and  boats,  and  laid  a  contri- 
bution besides  upon  the  inhabitants.  From  thence  they  went 
to  Carboneer,  where  they  met  with  some  repulse,  and  finding 
tlieir  provision  fall  short,  they  sent  a  further  number  unto  the 
fort,  reserving  the  most  skilful  and  able  fishermen  for  them- 
selves until  the  succeeding  spring. 


)Penf)allob)'d  intrian  Wiax^. 


41 


During  this  time,  our  frontiers  at  home  were  greatly  infested. 
At  Spruce  Creek,  in  Kittery,  they  killed  five  and  took  as  many 
more ;  among  the  slain  was  Mrs.  Hoel,  a  gentlewoman  of  good 
extract  and  education ;  but  the  greatest  sufferer  was  Enoch 
Hutchins,  in  the  loss  of  his  wife  and  children.  Three  weeks  af- 
ter, John  Rogers  was  dangerously  wounded,  and  at  a  little  dis- 
tance, James  Toby  was  shot  by  another  party.  From  thence 
they  went  westward,  and  took  a  Shallop  which  belonged  to  Pas- 
cataqua.  Our  seacoast  at  the  same  time  was  disrested  by  pri- 
vateers, particularly  by  Capt.  Crepoa,  who  notwithstanding  our 
cruisers  that  were  then  out,  took  seven  vessels,  besides  a  sloop, 
and  carried  them  all  to  Port  Royal,  excepting  the  latter,  which 
was  retaken  by  Capt.  Harris  at  Richmond's  Island. 

About  the  same  time  Michael  Royal,  a  fisherman  belonging 
to  Marblehead,  as  he  went  ashore  for  wood  off  Cape  Sables,  was 
barbarously  cut  in  pieces.  On  the  15th  of  October  following, 
eighteen  Indians  fell  on  Cape  Neddick,  where  they  took  four 
children  of  Mr.  Stover's  at  a  little  distance  from  the  garrison. 
The  youngest  not  able  to  travel,  was  knocked  on  the  head,  the 
other  three  were  carried  captive ;  but  being  attacked  by  Lieut. 
March,  and  losing  one  of  their  company,  they  killed  a  second 
child  in  way  of  revenge.* 

During  the  winter,  little  or  no  spoil  was  done  on  any  of  our 
frontiers ;  the  enemy  being  so  terrified  by  reason  of  snow-shoes 
(which  most  of  our  men  were  skillful  in)  that  they  never  at- 
tempted coming  at  such  a  season  after. 

But  as  the  spring  came  on,  April  27th,  1706,  a  small  body 
fell  on  an  out-house  in  Oyster  River,  where  they  killed  eight, 
and  wounded  two.  The  garrison  which  stood  near,  had  not  a 
man  in  it  at  that  time  ;  but  the  women,  who  assumed  an  Ama- 


[  <■  On  the  same  day,  Thomaa  Sawyer  and  his  ion  Sliaa  Sawyer,  and  John  Bigle  were  taken  captive  from 
Lancaater.— HarrM0(o«'«  CSrof.  Serm,  ] 
4* 


42 


iPenftalloto's  Inbian  Wiam. 


zonian  courage,  seeing  nothing  but  death  before  them,  advanced 
the  watch-box,  and  made  an  alarm.  They  put  on  hats,  with 
their  hair  hanging  down,  and  fired  so  briskly  that  they  struck 
a  terror  in  the  enemy,  and  they  withdrew  without  firing  the 
house,  or  carrying  away  much  plunder.  The  principal  suiferer 
at  this  time,  was  John  Wheeler,  who  thinking  them  to  be  friend 
Indians,  unhappily  fell  under  their  fury.  Two  days  after,  Mr. 
Shapleigh  and  his  son,  as  they  were  travelling  through  Kittery, 
were  ambushed  by  another  party,  who  killing  the  father,  took 
the  son  and  carried  him  to  Canada.  In  their  march,  they  were 
so  inhumanely  cruel,  that  they  bit  oif  the  tops  of  his  fingers, 
and  to  stagnate  the  blood,  seared  them  with  hot  tobacco  pipes. 

June  the  1st,  Mr.  Walker,  being  loaded  with  provisions  from 
Connecticut,  was  chased  by  a  French  privateer,  which  to  avoid, 
he  ran  ashore  in  his  boat ;  and  as  he  hastened  to  Rhode-Island, 
made  an  alarm  all  round.  The  Government  there  was  so  ex- 
peditious, that  in  a  few  hours  (by  beat  of  drum)  one  hundred 
men  well  equipped,  voluntarily  entered  on  board  of  two  sloops, 
under  the  command  of  Major  Wanton  and  Captain  Paine,  who 
next  day  became  masters  of  the  prize,  wherein  were  thirty-seven 
men  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Ferrel,  bound  for  Port  Royal, 
but  in  his  way  was  obliged  to  cruise  on  the  New-England  coast. 

The  year  after  they  did  another  brave  exploit,  in  taking  a 
sloop  from  Placentia,  with  four  guns,  four  Patteraroes,  and  forty- 
nine  men,  which  undoubtedly  prevented  great  mischief  that  oth- 
erwise would  have  befallen  us. 

Upon  the  advice  of  many  English  captives  that  were  now  at 
Port  Royal,  Capt.  Rouse  of  Charlestown  Was  sent  with  a  flag  of 
truce ;  who  after  an  unusual  stay,  returned  but  with  seventeen, 
saying  that  the  French  detained  them.  He  fell  under  a  severe  sus- 
picion of  carrying  on  a  secret  trade  with  the  enemy,  which  grew 
upon  his  second  going,  when  he  brought  but  seven  back  with  him. 


?3enf)allob*s  Jntiian  fflJSats. 


43 


The  General  Assembly  which  was  then  sitting,  with  the  coun- 
try throughout,  were  thrown  hereb^'^  into  a  great  ferment,  con- 
sidering the  vast  charge  and  effusion  of  blood.  He  was  in- 
dicted for  traitorous  correspondence  with  the  enemy.  Others 
at  the  same  time,  like  snakes  in  the  grass,  or  moles  under 
ground,  were  as  industrious  to  evade  it,  and  to  put  a  different 
gloss  on  all  his  actions. 

Quid  non  Mortalia  pedora  Cogis 

Auri  sacra  fames  ? 

And  yet  it  has  been  generally  remarked  from  the  beginning 
of  time  here,  that  those  who  have  been  Indian  traders,  and 
seemingly  got  much,  have  sensibly  decayed,  and  many  of  them 
become  victims  to  their  bloody  cruelty.  A  proclamation  was 
issued  forth  to  apprehend  all  such  as  were  suspected :  several 
hereupon  were  seized,  and  others  vehemently  suspected,  who 
did  what  they  could  to  extenuate  the  crime,  and  to  get  the  in- 
dictment altered  from  that  of  Treason,  unto  High  Misdemeanor. 
At  last  a  court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  was  called,  and  lines  were 
imposed,  besides  the  prison  fees. 

How  far  these  unhappy  Measures  tended  to  increase  oup 
troubles,  is  obvious  to  an  impartial  eye,  if  we  consider  how  they 
supplied  the  enemy  with  powder,  shot,  iron,  nails,  and  other  ma- 
terials of  war. 

The  advice  of  Colonel  Schuyler  from  time  to  time  was  of  em- 
inent service  unto  the  country,  who  advised  of  two  hundred  and 
seventy  men  that  were  coming  upon  us.  Their  first  descent  was 
on  Dunstable,  the  third  of  July,  where  they  fell  on  a  garrison 
that  had  twenty  troopers  posted  in  it,*  who  by  their  negligence 

[<'They  had  been  ranging  the  woods  iu  the  vicinity,  and  came  towards  night  to  this  garrison  ;  apprehending 
no  danger,  turned  their  horses  loose  upon  the  interval,  piled  their  arms  and  harness  in  the  house,  and  began  a 
carousal,  to  ezliilerate  their  spirits  after  the  fatigues  of  the  day.  A  party  of  Indians  had  lately  arrived  in  the 
vicinity,  and  on  that  day  had  designed  to  attack  both  Wells'  and  Oalusha's  garrisons.  One  of  their  number  had 
been  stationed  to  watch  each  of  these  houses,  to  see  that  no  assistance  approached,  and  no  alarm  was  given.  A 
short  time  previous  to  the  approach  of  the  cavalry,  the  Indian  stationed  at  Wells'  had  retired  to  his  party,  and 


44 


IPenJalloto's  Intiian  ffl®ars. 


and  folly,  keeping  no  watch,  suffered  them  to  enter,  which  tended 
to  the  destruction  of  one  half  of  their  number.  After  that  a 
small  party  attacked  Daniel  Gralusha'sf  house,  who  held  them 
play  for  some  time,  till  the  old  man's  courage  failed ;  when  on 
surrendering  himself,  he  informed  them  of  the  state  of  the  gar- 
rison, how  that  one  man  was  killed  and  only  two  men  and  a 
boy  left,  which  caused  them  to  rally  anew,  and  with  greater 
courage  than  before.  Upon  which  one  with  the  boy  got  out  on 
the  back  side,  leaving  only  Jacob  to  fight  the  battle,  who  for 
sometime  defended  himself  with  much  bravery ;  but  overpow- 
ered with  force,  and  finding  none  to  assist  him,  was  obliged  to 
quit  it  and  make  his  escape  as  well  as  he  could ;  but  before  he 
got  far,  the  enemy  laid  hold  of  him  once  and  again,  and  yet  by 
much  struggling  he  rescued  himself.     Upon  this  they  burnt  the 


reported  that  all  waa  safe.  At  sunset,  a  Mr.  Cumings  and  his  wife  went  out  to  milk  their  cows,  and  left  the  gate 
open.  The  Indians,  who  had  advanced  undiscovered,  started  up,  shot  Mrs.  Cumings  (load  upon  the  spot,  and 
wounded  ber  husband.  They  then  rushed  through  the  open  gate  into  the  house,  with  all  the  horrid  yells  of  con- 
quering  savages,  but  stared  with  amazement  on  finding  the  room  filled  with  soldiers  merrily  feasting.  Both  par- 
tiei  were  completely  amazed,  and  neither  acted  with  much  propriety.  The  soldiers,  so  suddenly  interrupted  In 
their  !"vial  entertainment,  found  themselves  called  to  tight,  when  entirely  destitute  of  arms,  and  incapable  of  ob- 
taining them.  The  greater  part  were  panic-struck,  and  unable  to  flgbt  or  fly.  Fortunately,  all  wore  not  in  this 
Bad  condition  :  some  six  or  seven  courageous  souls,  with  chairs,  clubs,  and  whatever  they  could  seize  upon,  furi- 
ously attacked  thb  advancing  foe.  The  Indians  who  were  as  much  surprised  as  the  soldiers,  had  but  little  more 
courage  than  they,  and  immediately  took  to  their  heels  for  safety  ;  thus  yielding  the  house,  defeated  by  one  quar- 
ter their  number  of  unarmed  men.  The  trumpeter,  who  was  in  the  upper  part  of  the  house  at  the  commence- 
ment of  the  attack,  seized  his  trumpet  and  began  sounding  an  alarm,  when  he  was  shot  dead  by  an  Indian  on  the 
stairway.    He  was  the  only  one  of  the  party  killed. 

The  savages,  dissappointed  in  tills  part  of  their  plan,  immediately  proceeded  to  Galusha's,  two  miles  distant ; 
took  possession  of,  and  burnt  it.  One  woman  only  escaped.  Had  the  company  at  Wells',  armed  and  immediately 
pursued,  they  might  probably  have  prevented  this  disaster  ;  but  they  spent  so  much  time  in  arming  and  getting 
their  horses,  that  the  enemy  had  an  opportunity  to  perpetrate  the  mischief  and  escape  uninjured. 

The  woman  above  mentioned,  when  the  Indians  attacked  the  house,  souglit  refuge  in  the  cellar,  and  concealed 
harself  under  a  dry  cask.  After  hastily  plundering  the  house,  and  murdering,  as  they  supposed,  all  who  were 
in  It,  the  Indiana  set  it  on  Are  and  immediately  retired.  The  woman  in  this  critical  situation,  attempted  to  es- 
cape by  the  window,  but  found  it  too  small :  she  however  succeeded  in  loosening  the  stones  till  she  had  opened  a 
bole  sufficient  to  admit  of  her  passage,  and  with  the  house  in  flames  over  her  head,  she  forced  herself  out,  and 
crawled  into  the  bushes,  not  daring  to  rise  for  fear  she  should  be  discovered.  In  the  bushes  she  lay  concealed  un- 
til the  next  day,  when  she  reached  one  of  the  neighboring  garrisons. 

Comings,  at  Wells'  garrison,  had  his  arm  broken,  but  was  so  fortunate  as  to  reach  the  woods  while  the  Indians 
were  engaged  in  the  house.  That  night  he  lay  in  a  swamp  in  the  northerly  part  of  what  at  present  constitutes 
the  town  of  Tyngsborough,  about  one  quarter  of  a  mile  west  of  the  great  road  as  it  now  runs,  and  a  few  rods  south 
of  the  state  line.  The  next  day  he  arrived  at  the  garrison  near  the  residence  of  the  late  Col.  Tyng.— i^\inn«r  A 
KooreU  Collectioni,  vol.  II.  pp.  303,  304.  ] 
[  t  Qoleucla's  in  the  copy.  ] 


iPenf)alloto's  Intiian  Wiax^. 


45 


house;*  and  next  day,  about  forty  more  fell  on  Amesbuiy, 
where  they  killed  eight ;  two,  at  the  same  time,  who  wore  at 
work  in  a  field,  hearing  an  outcry  hastened  to  their  relief ;  but 
being  pursued,  ran  to  a  deserted  house  in  which  were  two  flank- 
ers, where  each  of  them  found  an  old  gun,  but  neither  of  them 
fit  for  service ;  and  if  they  were,  had  neither  powder  nor  shot 
to  load  with :  however,  each  took  a  flanker,  and  made  the  best 
apjDearance  they  could,  by  thrusting  the  muzzles  of  their  guns 
outside  the  port-holes,  crying  aloud,  "here  they  are,  but  do  not 
fire  till  they  come  nearer ;"  which  put  the  enemy  into  such  a 
fright  that  they  instantly  drew  off. 

^From  thence  they  went  to  Kingston,  where  they  killed  and 
wounded  several  cattle.  About  the  same  time,  Josopli  Eiiglish,t 
who  was  a  friend  Indian,  going  from  Dunstable  to  Chelmsford, 
with  a  man  and  his  wife  on  horse-back,  was  shot  dead,  the  wo. 
man  taken,  but  the  man  made  his  escape.  On  the  8th  of  July, 
five  Indians,  a  little  before  night,  fell  on  an  out-house  in  Read- 
ing, where  they  surprized  a  Avoman  with  eight  children ;  the 
former  with  the  three  youngest  were  instantly  dispatched,  and 
the  other  they  carried  captive ;  but  one  of  the  children  unable 
to  travel,  they  knocked  on  the  head,  and  left  in  the  swamp 
concluding  it  was  dead,  but  a  while  after  it  was  found  alive. 
The  neighbourhood  being  alarmed,  got  ready  by  the  morning 
and  coming  on  their  track,  pursued  them  so  near  that  they 


[*  Wolls'  garrison,  whicU  wns  in  the  southorly  part  of  Dunstable,  N.  H.  about  hsiif  a  mile  from  the  state  lino, 
near  James  Baldwin's  house,  on  a  i)lace  known  by  the  name  of  the  BUnchard  farm,  eust  of  the  great  road  to 
Boston.  Galusha's,  was  about  two  miles  south-west  uf  this,  on  Salmon  brook,  at  a  place  formerly  called  Glasgow, 
OD  which  Henry  Turrell  now  lives.  ] 

[f  Jo  English,  ab  he  was  called,  was  mncb  distinguished  for  his  attachment  to  the  white  inhabitants.  In  a 
preceding  war  with  the  Indians,  he  had  been  taken  prisoner  from  the  vicinity  of  Dunstable  and  carried  to  Canada, 
from  whence,  by  his  shrewdness  and  sagacity,  he  effected  his  escape,  with  one  I^ugi'sh  captive,  and  retnrned  to 
his  friends  in  Dunstable.  The  Indians  had  for  a  long  time  endeavoured  to  retake  him,  and  he  was  peculiarly  ob- 
noxious to  them  ;  and  at  tho  time  aliovomontioned,  while  he  was  accompanying  Capt.  Buttorfleld  and  his  wife  on 
a  visit  to  their  friends,  they  pursued  him,  and  Just  as  he  was  upon  the  point  of  gaining  a  thicket,  they  shot  biro 
through  the  thipch,  which  brought  him  to  the  ground,  and  they  afterwards  dispatched  him  with  their  toma- 
hawks.      Vol.  1  .V.  H.  Hiit.  Soc.  col.] 


46 


i3cnf)anoU)'s  fntiian  aJHaris. 


rerovered  throe  of  tlio  oliildren,  and  put  the  enemy  in  such  a  ter- 
ror that  they  not  only  c[uitted  their  pUinder  and  blankets,  but  the 
other  ca])tivo  also.  Several  strokes  were  afterwards  made  on 
Chelmsford,  Sudbury  and  Groton,  where  three  soldiers  as  they 
'were  goinir  to  ])ublie  worship,  were  way-laid  by  a  small  party, 
who  killed  two  nnd  made  the  other  a  prisoner. 

At  Exeter,  a  r'ompany  of  French  Mohawks,  who  some  time 
kept  lurking  about  Capt.  Hilton's  garrison,  took  a  view  of  all 
that  went  in  auvl  out:  and  observing  some  to  go  with  their 
scythes  to  mow,  laid  in  ambush  till  they  laid  by  their  arras,  and 
while  at  work,  rushe<l  on  at  once,  and  by  intercepting  them 
from  their  arms,  killed  four,  wounded  one,  and  carried  three 
captive ;  so  that  out  of  ten,  two  only  escaped.  A  while  after, 
two  of  those  that  were  taken,  viz.  Mr.  Edward  Hall,  and  Sam- 
uel ;Myals,  made  their  escape ;  but  the  fatigue  and  difficulty  that 
they  went  through,  (besides  the  terror  and  fear  they  were 
under  of  being  taken)  was  almost  incredible ;  for  in  three  weeks 
together,  they  had  nothing  to  subsist  on  except  a  few  lilly  roots, 
and  the  rhines  of  trees. 

Several  of  our  captives  still  remaining  among  the  French  and 
Indians,  occasioned  Mr.  Sheldon's  going  a  second  time  to  Can- 
ada with  a  flag  of  truce,  who  at  his  return  brought  forty-five, 
and  had  a  prospect  of  many  more,  but  was  prevented  by  the 
Jesuits. 

As  to  the  treatment  of  our  captives  with  the  French,  it  was 
as  different  and  as  various  as  their  tempers  and  constitutions. 
Some  were  mild  and  pleasant,  while  others  were  morose  and 
sordid  ;  but  the  Indians  might  as  well  alter  their  comjilexions 
as  their  constitutions  ;  for  scarce  a  day  passed  without  some  act 
of  cruelty,  insomuch  that  all  were  under  a  constant  martyrdom 
between  fear  of  life  and  terror  of  death. 

It  would  be  an  endless  task  to  enumerate  the  various  suffer- 


i^enftalloUj's  irutiiau  ^avs. 


47 


inga  that  many  groaned  under,  by  long  marching  with  heavy 
burdens  through  heat  and  cold  ;  and  when  ready  to  faint  for 
want  of  food,  they  were  frequently  knocked  on  the  head :  teem- 
ing women,  in  cokl  blood,  have  been  ript  open ;  others  fastened 
to  stakes,  and  burnt  alive ;  and  yet  the  finger  of  God  diil  emi- 
nently appear  in  several  instances,  of  which  I  shall  mention  a 
few.    As 

First.  Of  Rebekah  Taylor,  who  after  her  return  from  captiv- 
ity, gave  me  the  following  account,  viz. 

That  when  she  was  going  to  Canada,  on  the  back  of  Montreal 
river,  she  was  violently  insulted  by  Sampson,  her  bloody  master, 
who  without  any  provocation  was  resolved  to  hang  her ;  and  for 
want  of  a  rope,  made  use  of  his  girdle,  which  when  ho  had  fas- 
tened about  her  neck,  attempted  to  hoist  her  up  on  the  limb  of  a 
tree  (that  hung  in  the  nature  of  a  gibbet,)  but  in  hoisting  her, 
the  weight  of  her  body  broke  it  asunder,  which  so  exasperated 
the  cruel  tyrant  that  he  made  a  second  attempt,  resolved  that  if 
he  failed  in  that  to  knock  her  on  the  head ;  but  before  he  had 
power  to  effect  it,  Bomaseen  came  along,  who  seeing  the  tragedy 
on  foot,  prevented  the  fatal  stroke. 

A  second  was  a  child  of  Mrs.  Hannah  Parsons,  of  Wells, 
whom  the  Indians,  for  want  of  food,  had  determined  to  roast 
alive,  but  while  the  fire  was  kindling,  and  the  sacrifice  prepar- 
ing, a  company  of  French  Mohawks  came  down  the  river  in  a 
canoe  with  three  dogs,  which  somewhat  revived  these  hungry 
monsters,  expecting  to  make  a  feast  upon  one  of  them.  So  soon 
as  they  got  ashore,  the  child  was  offered  in  exchange  ;  but  des- 
pising the  offer,  they  tendered  a  gun,  which  w^as  readily  ac- 
cepted, and  by  that  means  the  child  was  preserved. 

A  third  was  Samuel  Butterfield,  who  being  sent  to  Groton 
as  a  soldier,  was  with  others  attacked  as  they  were  gathering  in 
the  harvest;  his  bravery   was   such,    that   lie  killed  qne  and 


48 


^DrnijallotD's  (nlitau  ^ats. 


wounded  another,  but  being  overpowered  by  strength,  was  forced 
to  submit;  and  it  happened  that  the  slain  Indian  was  a  saga- 
more, and  of  groat  dexterity  in  war,  which  caused  matter  of  la- 
mentation, and  enraged  them  to  such  a  degree  that  they  vowed 
the  utmost  revenge  ;  some  were  for  whipping  him  to  death, 
others  for  burning  him  alive;  but  diifering  in  their  sentiments, 
they  submitted  the  issue  to  the  Squaw  Widow,  concluding  she 
would  determine  something  very  dreadful,  but  when  the  matter 
was  opened,  and  the  fact  considered,  her  spirits  were  so  mode- 
rate as  to  make  no  other  reply  than.  Fortune  L'guerre.  Upon 
which  some  were  uneasy,  to  whom  she  answered,  "if  by  killing 
him,  you  can  bring  my  husband  to  life  again,  I  beg  you  to  study 
what  death  you  please  ;  but  if  not,  let  him  be  my  servant;"  which 
he  accordingly  was,  during  his  captivity,  and  had  favor  shewn 
him. 

The  state  of  affairs  still  looking  with  a  melancholy  aspect,  it 
was  resolved  for  a  more  vigorous  prosecution  of  the  war,  to 
grant  the  following  encouragement,  viz : — 

To  regular  forces  under  pay  £10  00^ 

To  volunteers  in  service  20  00 

To  volunteers  without  pay  60  00 

To  any  troop  or  company 
that  go  to  the  relief  of 
any  town  or  garrison  30  00^ 

Over  and  above  was  granted  the  benefit  of  plunder,  and  cap- 
tives of  women  and  children  under  twelve  years  of  age,  which 
at  first  seemed  a  great  encouragement,  but  it  did  not  answer 
what  we  expected.  The  charge  of  war  was  by  this  time  so  great, 
that  every  Indian  we  had  killed  or  taken,  cost  the  country  at 
least  a  thousand  pounds. 

But  while  they  continued  in  great  bodies,  they  did  not  com- 
mit the  like  spoil  and  rapine  (in  proportion)  as  they  did  in 


per  Scalp. 


i;)cnl)aUoU)'6  hibian  (Ulilaifj. 


smaller.  August  the  10th,  they  slew  William  Pearl  of  Dover, 
and  ii  little  after,  took  Nathaniel  Til)))its.  lUit  of  all  tlie  Indi- 
ans that  was  ever  known  since  King  riiili}),  never  any  a])i)eared 
so  cruel  and  inhumane  as  Assacanibuit,  that  insulting  monster, 
who  by  the  encouragement  of  the  French,  went  over  to  Paru, 
and  being  introduced  to  the  king,  lifted  up  iiis  hand  in  the  most 
arrogant  manner  imaginable,  saying,  "  this  hand  of  mine  has 
slain  one  hundred  and  tifty  of  your  Majesty's  enemies,  within 
the  territories  of  New-England,"  &c.  Which  bold  and  imi)u- 
dent  speech  was  so  pleasing  to  that  bloody  monarch,  that  ho 
forthwith  knighted  him,  and  orde.ed  eight  livres  a  day  to  be 
paid  him  during  life ;  which  so  exalted  the  wretch  (having  his 
hands  so  long  imbrued  in  innocent  blood,)  as  at  his  return,  to 
exert  a  sovreignty  over  the  rest  of  his  brethren,  by  murdering 
one,  and  stabbing  another,  which  so  exasperated  those  of  their 
relations,  that  they  sought  revenge,  and  would  instantly  have 
executed  it,  but  that  he  fled  his  country,  and  never  returned 
after. 

January  21st,  Colonel  Hilton  with  two  hundred  and  twenty 
men  visited  the  frontiers  anew,  but  the  mildness  of  the  winter 
prevented  his  going  so  far  as  he  expected :  however,  in  his  re- 
turn, near  Black  Point,  he  came  on  an  Indian  track  which  he 
pursued,  and  killed  four.  At  the  same  time  he  took  a  Squaw 
alive  with  a  Papoose  at  her  breast,  which  he  preserved,  and  she 
was  of  singular  service  in  conducting  him  to  a  body  of  eighteen, 
who  lodged  on  a  neck  of  land ;  about  break  of  day  he  surprized 
them  as  they  lay  asleep,  and  slew  all  but  one  whom  they  kept  a 
prisoner:  but  it  is  strange  to  think  by  what  winged  mercury  re- 
ports are  often  carried.  Plutarch,  I  remember,  and  other 
writers,  have  given  surprising  instances  of  things  transacted  at 
such   a  distance,  as  have  been  inconsistent  with  any  human 

conveyance.     Witness  that  of  Domitian,  two    thousand    five 
*5 


60 


IPenJallohj's  fntrian  Wiax^. 


hundred  miles  in  the  space  of  twenty-four  hours  ;  and  of  Wil- 
liam the  conqueror,  the  news  of  whose  death  was  conveyed  from 
Roan  to  Home  the  day  he  died,  which  as  historians  mention,  was 
prius  j)ene  quam  nunciari  possif.  And  to  my  certain  know- 
ledge, on  the  very  morning  that  Col.  Hilton  did  this  exploit,  it  was 
publickly  talked  of  at  Portsmouth  in  every  article,  and  with  lit- 
tle or  no  variation,  although  ninety  miles  distance. 

But  all  this  while  we  were  only  cutting  off  the  branches;  the 
French  in  Canada,  and  Nova  Scotia,  who  supply  the  Indians 
with  all  necessaries  for  the  war,  were  the  root  of  all  our  woe. 

Wherefore,  it  was  resolved  to  make  an  enterprize  on  Nova 
Scotia,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  March,  with  two  regi- 
ments, viz. 

Col.  Wainwright,     \  Col.  Hilton,  \ 

Lt.  Col.  Appleton,   I      ,,        ,  Lt.  Col.  Wanton,       |     ,,,    ^, 

TVT  •      Txr  u  >    of  the  red.  at  •       a  >  of  the  blue. 

Major  Walton,  f  JVIajor  fepencer,  C 

Commanders.  )  Commanders.  j 

In  three  transport  ships,  five  brigantines,  and  fifteen  sloops, 
with  whaleboats  answerable,  having  her  ^lajesty's  ship  the 
Deptford,  and  the  Province  Galley  to  cover  them. 

March  13th,  1707,  they  sailed  from  Nantasket,  and  in  a  fort- 
night after,  arrived  at  Fort  Royal  gut,  where  they  landed  on 
both  sides  of  the  river,  which  the  enemy  observing,  made  an 
alarm  and  retired  to  the  fort  with  what  substance  tliey  could 
get. 

Monsieur  Supercass,  who  was  the  governor,  upon  rallying  his 
forces  together,  held  a  short  skirmish,  but  finding  too  warm  a 
reception,  (his  horse  being  shot  under  him)  was  obliged  to  re- 
treat. A  council  of  war  being  called,  it  was  resolved  that  the 
artillery  should  be  landed,  and  their  lines  forced  :  but  through 
the  unfaithfulness  of  some,  and  cowardly  pretensions  of  others, 
little  was  done  in  annoying  the  enemy,  save  killing  their  cattle, 
burning  their  mills  and  out-houses  :  whereas  if  the  officers  on 


ileuftallob's  Intrian  Mars. 


51 


'I 


board  her  Majesty's  ship  had  been  true  and  faithful,  matters  had 
succeeded  to  good  advantage.  But  instead  of  pressing  on, 
they  did  rather  clog  and  hinder  the  affiiir :  For,  by  crafty  insin- 
uations, they  afterwards  obtained  a  second  councdl,  which  the 
general  not  so  well  weighing  as  he  ought,  proved  the  overthrow 
of  the  whole  design.  They  voted  to  return ;  'v'  reas  if  they  had 
only  kept  their  ground,  and  not  fired  a  gun,  the  enemy  must  of 
necessity  have  surrendered  or  have  star\  ed.  This  was  so  sur- 
prising, that  the  whole  country  was  under  an  amazing  ferment, 
and  the  commander  so  grossly  reflected  on,  that  his  spirits  sunk, 
and  he  became  of  little  service  ever  after :  yet  to  give  him  his 
character,  he  was  a  man  of  good  courage,  and  a  true  lover  of  his 
country.  But  the  business  that  he  undertook,  was  too  weighty 
for  his  shoulders  to  bear.  So  soon  as  his  excellency  was  ap])rized 
hereof,  (who  had  the  honor  and  interest  of  his  country  much  at 
heart)  he  sent  strict  orders  to  stay  them ;  and  another  ship  of 
war,  with  two  companies  of  fresh  men  to  reinforce  them ;  Col. 
Hutchinson,  Col.  Townsend,  and  Mr.  Leverett  were  appointed 
commissioners,  to  give  greater  vigor,  but  the  number  of  desert- 
ers, and  disaffected  officers  overthrew  the  whole  affair.  How- 
ever  a  second  attempt  was  made,  which  the  enemy  perceiving, 
called  in  their  auxiliaries  both  of  French  and  Indians  from  Me- 
nis,  Chignecto,*  and  all  other  places  adjacent.  A  privateer  and 
some  other  vessels  had  also  arrived  since  the  withdraw  of  our 
forces.  By  their  assistance,  the  enemy  had  not  only  strength- 
ened the  fort,  but  secured  their  lines ;  so  that  nothing  could  be 
attempted  but  by  a  few  encounters,  in  which  Major  Walton  be- 
haved himself  with  much  bravery,  being  the  only  field  officer 
then  on  shore ;  who  engaged  them  some  time,  and  at  last  put 
them  to  flight,  killing  and  wounding  several,  among  whom  was 
the  Field-Major.     Those  that  fell  on  our  side  were  sixteen,  an(i 

[*  S«rlienw;to,  In  copy.  ] 


52 


iPentalloto's  ixidian  Wiaxs. 


as  many  more  wounded.  Our  frontiers  at  home  were  as  much 
disrested  as  ever :  May  22d,  they  took  two  at  Oyster  River,  and 
on  June  12th,  killed  one  at  Groton  ;  after  that  they  slew  William 
Carpenter  of  Kittery,  with  his  whole  family.  July  8th,  they 
way  laid  a  cart  with  two  men,  as  they  were  going  from  Dover 
to  Oyster  River,  whom  they  shot  dead.  Captain  Sumersby, 
who  was  there  with  his  troop,  regained  the  most  of  the  plunder 
that  they  took.  About  the  same  time,  Stephen  Gilman  and 
Jacob  his  brother,  as  they  were  riding  from  Exeter  to  Kings- 
ton, were  ambushed  by  another  party.  The  first  had  his  horse 
shot  under  him,  and  was  in  danger  of  being  scalped  before  he 
could  get  clear.  The  other  brother  had  several  shot  through 
his  clothes  and  one  that  grazed  his  belly ;  his  horse  also  was 
wounded,  yet  he  defended  himself  on  foot  and  got  into  the  gar- 
rison. 

At  Casco,  the  Indians  intercepted  a  fishing  boat  as  she  was 
sailing  between  the  islands,  in  which  were  five  men,  three  of 
whom  they  killed,  and  took  the  other  two.  August  the  10th, 
they  way-laid  tiie  road  between  York  and  Wells,  and  as  four 
horsemen  were  riding  in  company  with  Mrs.  Littelfield,  who  had 
the  value  of  sixty  pounds  with  her,  were  all  slain  except  one, 
who  made  his  escape.  Another  company  falling  on  Marlbo- 
rough, encompassed  two  as  they  were  at  work  in  the  field  ;  one 
which  got  clear,  and  the  neighborhood  meeting  together,  en- 
gaged them  so  smartly,  that  the  enemy  gave  way,  leaving  24 
packs  behind ;  which  so  exasperated  their  spirits  with  the  loss 
they  sustained,  that  they  slewlthe  captive  which  they  had  taken. 
On  our  side  two  were  slain,  and  two  wounded.* 

[ «  On  the  18th  of  Aui;uBt,  1707,  iis  two  women  in  Northborough,  Ms.  were  out  a  short  dlstMic*  from  the  fort 
gathering  herbs,  the  Indians  ciiscorered  Hnd  pursued  them.  One  Mrs.  Mary  Fay  got  safe  into  the  fort;  the  other, 
Mary  Qoodenow,  a  young  nnd  unmarried  woman,  whs<  taken  and  carried  over  the  brook  into  the  edge  of  Marlbo. 
rough,  and  there,  a  little  south  of  the  great  road,  and  nigh  to  Sandy  Hill,  she  was  killed  and  scalped.  The  enrmy 
werp  pursued  and  overtaken  in  what  is  now  Sterling,  where  an  obstinate  engagement  took  place,  in  which  John 
Tarrar  and  Richard  SinRletary,  were  killed.  The  Indians  at  length  fled,  leaving  some  plunder  and  some  of  their 
packs,  in  one  of  which  the  scalp  of  Mary  Ooodenow  was  found,    fire  WhUney'i  Hitt.  e/  WercuUr,  p.  274.] 


IPentalloto's  Jntrian  WiaxB. 


63 


At  Exeter,  one  was  killed  near  the  meeting-house  ;  and  two 
days  after,  another  *  at  Kingston,  but  the  most  afflicting  stroke 
that  befel  us  this  season  was  at  Oyster  River,  where  thirty 
French  Mohawks,  who  appeared  like  so  many  furies  with  their 
naked  bodies  painted  like  blood,  and  observing  some  at  work  in 
hewing  of  timber,  and  others  driving  a  team,  they  fell  violently 
upon  them  with  such  hideous  noise  and  yelling  as  made  the 
very  woods  to  echo.  At  the  first  shot,  they  killed  seven,  and 
mortally  wounded  another,  upon  which  Capt.  Chesley,  (who  had 
signally  behaved  himself  in  many  encounters)  with  a  few  that 
were  left,  fired  on  them  with  great  vigor  and  resolution,  and  for 
some  time  gave  a  chock  to  their  triumphing ;  but  the  enemy  be- 
ing too  powerful,  soon  overcame  him,  to  the  great  lamentation 
of  all  that  knew  him. 

It  being  now  the  height  of  Indian  harvest,  they  dispersed 
themselves  into  all  parts,  and  did  considerable  mischief;  but 
having  something  more  than  ordinary  in  view,  they  beset  Win- 
ter Harbor,  and  on  September  21st,  with  one  hundred  and  fifty 
men,  in  fifty  canoes,  attempted  the  taking  of  two  shallops  as  they 
lay  at  anchor,  in  which  were  Capt.  Austin,  Mr.  Harmon,  Ser- 
geant Cole,  and  five  men  more  with  a  boy,  who  perceiving  their 
intention,  suffered  them  to  paddle  till  they  had  got  near,  and 
then  fired,  which  put  them  into  great  confusion.  But  they  soon 
recovered  themselves,  and  fired  on  our  men  with  such  resolu- 
tion, as  made  them  to  quit  one  of  their  boats  by  cutting  their  roads 
and  lashings ;  and  no  sooner  had  they  taken  possession  thereof, 
but  they  got  their  mainsail  atrip  before  that  our  men  could  get 
up  theirs  half  mast  high,  and  then  put  out  their  oars,  which  they 
joined  with  paddles  on  each  side ;  but  having  no  fixrgood,  and 
their  boat  a  dull  sailor,  ours  gained  on  them  so  much,  that  they 
got  twelve  or  thirteen  canoes  ahead,  with  fishing  lines  to  tow 


5* 


[•»  Henry  Klklns,  Sept.  15,  1707.] 


54 


ilenjalloto's  Jntiian  Wiax&. 


;:■! 


them.  But  a  breeze  springing  up,  and  the  enemy  making  too 
near  the  wind  (for  want  of  a  fargood)  came  to  stays  several 
times,  in  so  much  tliat  they  fell  a  quarter  of  a  mile  astern.  But 
the  rest  of  the  canoes  kept  on  firing,  and  our  men  on  them  for  a 
considerable  time  together.  The  only  man  we  lost  was  Ben- 
jamin Daniel,  who  was  shot  through  the  bowels,  soon  after  they 
came  to  sail ;  at  his  fall  he  said,  "/am  a  dead  man  r  yet  recov- 
ering himself  a  little,  added  "Ze^  me  kill  one  before  IdieT  but 
he  had  not  strength  to  fire. 

The  engagement  held  about  three  hours,  in  which  the  Eng- 
lish spent  about  five  pounds  of  powder,  and  when  the  enemy 
ceased  their  chase,  they  had  not  above  a  quarter  of  a  pound  left. 
The  Indians  were  so  bold  and  daring,  as  to  attempt  to  take  hold 
of  the  blades  of  their  oars,  as  they  were  rowing.  The  number  of 
them  that  fell  was  then  unknown,  because  of  a  continued  cloud 
of  smoke ;  but  it  was  affirmed,  that  nine  were  slain,  and  twice 
as  many  wounded.  After  this,  a  small  scout  appeared  at  Ber- 
wick, where  they  killed  two,  as  they  returned  from  worship ; 
upon  which,  some  of  the  inhabitants,  who  were  acquainted  with 
their  walk,  lay  in  wait,  and  making  the  first  discovery,  fired  to 
good  advantage  ;  which  put  them  into  so  great  a  consternation, 
that  they  dropped  their  packs,  in  which  were  three  scalps,  sup- 
posed to  be  some  of  those  which  a  little  before,  were  taken  at 
Oyster  River.  The  winter  season  afibrdcd  a  little  respite ;  but 
on  April  22, 1708,  Lieut.  Llttlefield  of  Wells,  with  Joseph  Winn, 
as  they  were  travelling  to  York,  were  surrounded  by  a  small 
body ;  the  latter  made  his  escape,  but  the  other  was  carried  to 


Quebec,   who,  being  a  skilful 


engineer. 


especially  in  water 


works,  did  them  great  service. 

About  this  time,  eight  hundred  French  and  Indians  were 
forming  a  desperate  design  against  us,  but  on  a  division  among 
themselves,  fell  short  of  the  mischief  they  designed  us.    How- 


-"^-^ 


i^enftalloto^s  Indian  Mars. 


66 


ever,  one  hundred  and  fifty,  on  August  29th,  at  break  of  day, 
fell  on  Haverhill,  and  passing  by  the  garrisons  got  into  the  very 
centre  of  the  town,  before  they  were  discovered.  They  at- 
tempted to  fire  the  Meeting-House,  and  after  that,  did  burn 
several  houses  near  it.  Major  Turner,  Capt.  Price,  and  Capt. 
Gardner,  were  happily  there  at  that  time,  and  rallied  together 
what  forces  they  could ;  but  most  of  their  men  being  posted  in 
remote  garrisons,  were  unable  to  assist  them.  However,  with 
such  as  they  could  get  together,  they  faced  the  enemy  with 
much  bravery,  and  in  less  than  an  hour,  put  them  all  to  flight, 
leaving  nine  of  their  dead,  and  carrying  off  several  that  were 
wounded.  But  the  slain  on  our  side  were  thrice  as  many,  by 
reason  of  the  surprize  that  they  at  first  were  in ;  among  whom, 
was  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rolfe,*  the  worthy  minister  of  that  town, 
with  Capt.  Wainwright.f 

A  while  after,  James  Hays,  of  Amesbury,  was  taken,  and  one 
at  Brookfield ;  they  also  killed  Robert  Read  and  David  Hutch- 
ins  of  Kittery. 

Colonel  Hilton  again  marched  toward  their  head  quarters 
with  one  hundred  and  seventy  men  at  Amassaconty,  Pigwacket, 
and  other  places  adjacent;  but  after  along  and  tedious  march, 
could  make  no  discovery. 

On  April  12th,  1709,  a  scout  fell  on  Deerfield,  and  took  Me- 
human  Hinsdell,  as  he  was  driving  a  cart,  which  was  the  sec- 
ond time  of  his  captivity.  And  on  May  6th,  another  party  with- 
in three  miles  of  Exeter,  surprized  several  as  they  were  going 
to  a  saw-inill,  among  whom  were  Mr.  William  Moody,  Samuel 
Stevens,  and  two  of  Mr.  Jeremiah  Gilman's  sons,  whom  they 
carriid  captive.J    A  few  days  after,  Capt.  Wright  of  North- 

[  *  Rev.  Benjamin  Rolfe  graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1084 ;  was  ordained  in  Haverhill,  io  Jan.  1694.~SaJ. 
tontlalVt  Bitt.   Iliwcrhill.  ] 

[t  October  20,  1708,  E.  Field  was  killed  in  Deerfield.  ] 

[t  Soon  after,  Bartholomew  Stephenson  was  killed  at  Oyster  River.  In  May,  this  year,  Lieut.  John  Wells 
and  John  Burt  were  lost  in  a  skirmieh  with  the  enemy.  They  belonged  to  VeertieM.—Appendix  to  WUliamt' 
Sarrative.  ] 


66 


iPeni)alloto*s  Jnbian  Wiax^* 


ampton,  with  several  English,  and  two  Natick  Indians,  adven- 
turing to  the  lake,  within  forty  miles  of  fort  La'  Motte,  killed 
and  wounded  two  or  three  of  the  French  Mohawks;  and  on 
their  return  up  French  river,  met  with  another  body  of  the  ene- 
my in  canoes,  on  whom  they  fired,  and  overset,  killed  and 
wounded  several  of  them.  In  this  company,  was  William 
Moody  before  mentioned,  who  being  now  alone  with  but  one  In- 
dian in  a  canoe,  was  encouraged  by  the  English  to  kill  said  In- 
dian, and  make  his  escape.  Which  he  attempted,  but  overset 
the  canoe  in  the  struggle,  and  then  Moody  swam  towards  the 
English  for  relief.  Whereupon,  Lieut.  John  Wells,  with  one  or 
two  more,  ran  down  the  bank  and  helped  him  ashore.  In  the 
mean  time,  a  number  of  the  enemy  came  to  the  bank,  and 
wounded  John  Strong,  and  killed  the  Lieutenant,  who  had  been  a 
man  of  very  good  courage,  and  well  spirited  to  serve  his  country, 
and  so  the  loss  of  him  was  much  lamented  Hereupon,  Moody 
unhappily  resigned  himself  again  into  the  enemy's  hands ;  who 
most  inhumanly  tortured  him,  by  fastening  him  unto  a  stake, 
and  roasting  him  alive,  whose  flesh  they  afterwards  devoured. 
Our  men  considering  they  were  so  far  in  the  Indians'  country, 
and  like  to  be  encompassed,  were  forced  to  make  a  running  fight. 
So  scattering  in  the  woods,  lost  John  Burt,  who  was  supposed  to 
perish  with  hunger. 

The  town  of  Deerfield,  which  had  suffered  so  much  spoil  be- 
fore by  Monsieur  Artcll,  was,  on  June  23d,  obliged  to  a  new  en- 
counter by  Monsieur  Ravell,  his  son-in-law,  who,  with  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  French  and  Indians,  expected  to  lay  all  desolate. 
But  the  town  being  alarmed,  they  valiantly  resisted,  with  the  loss 
only  of  one  man  and  another  wounded.*  After  that,  the  enemy 
killed  two  at  Brookf ield,  one  at  Wells,  and  took  another  captive. 

[♦Joseph  Clesson  luiilJolm  Armes  wera  taken  from  Deerfielii,  June  22, 1709,  and  the  next  day  Jonathan 
WilUams  was  killed  and  Mattliew  Clesaon  mortally  wounded.  Lieut.  Thomas  Taylor  and  Isaac  Moulton  wew 
also  wounded,  but  recovered. — \ol.  1  N.  II.  Uiit,  Soe.  col] 


u 


i^enftallob's  tntiiau  Mars, 


57 


Col.  Vetch,  who  was  now  in  Enghind,  and  well  acquainted 
with  the  continent  of  America,  was  vcrv  sensible  that  the  re- 
duction  of  Canada  was  of  absolute  necessity,  for  subduing  the 
Indians ;  upon  Avliich,  he  laid  a  plan  of  the  whole  country  be. 
fore  some  of  the  chief  ministers  of  sUite,  representing  every 
thing  in  its  true  light.  Gen.  Nicholson  added  all  his  interest 
to  the  motion  made  by  Col.  Vetch,  and  between  them  they  ob- 
tained a  promise  for  sufficient  forces  both  by  sea  and  land,  for 
the  conquest  of  Canada.  They  arrived  early  in  the  spring,  with 
her  Majesty's  royal  commands  and  instructions  to  the  governors 
of  the  several  provinces,  to  furnish  their  respective  quotas.  To 
such  as  should  offer  volunteers,  they  presented  a  good  lirelock, 
cartouch-box,  flints,  ammunition,  a  coat,  hat  and  shirt,  with  an 
assurance  of  her  Majesty's  princely  favour  unto  all  such  as 
should  distinguish  themselves. 

Upon  this,  several  the  governors  contributed  their  utmost  as- 
sistance; and  considering  that  New- York  (with  the  adjacent 
places)  lay  nearest  the  Lake,  it  was  resolved  that  Col.  Nicholson 
should  command  the  several  troops,  from  thence  for  the  attack- 
ing of  Montreal,  while  Col.  Vetch  was  preparing  to  head  the 
forces  by  sea. 

But  it  often  happens  in  the  course  of  Divine  Providence,  that 
when  our  expectations  are  at  the  highest,  things  come  to  no- 
thing. For  while  our  forces  were  ready,  and  after  a  vast  ex- 
pense by  long  waiting,  there  was  a  stop  at  home  from  any  fur- 
ther proceeding  for  that  time ;  which  occasioned  Col.  Nicholson 
to  embark  again  for  England,  to  revive  the  expedition,  if  pos- 
sible. But  such  was  the  importance  of  affairs  then  on  foot, 
that,  notwithstanding  his  indefatigable  care  and  pains,  he  could 
not  effect  it.  However,  he  obtained  a  sufficient  force  for  the 
reduction  of  Po^t  Roynl  and  Nova  Scotia,  which  was  so  preju- 
dicial to  our  fishery  and  merchandize. 


r,s 


Ucnftallob's  fntriau  WLax^. 


Its  situation  is  from  43  to  51  degrees  of  north  latitude,  and  is 
])art  of  the  Terra  Canadensis,*  wliose  bounds  are,  the  AtUmtic 
Ocean  on  the  north,  Breton  Island  and  the  bay  of  St.  Lawrence 
to  the  east,  Canada  the  west,  and  New-England  to  the  south  ; 
whose  first  seizure  was  by  Sir  Sebastian  Cabot,  for  the  crown  of 
Great-Britain,  in  thereign  of  king  Henry  the  seventh ;  but 
lay  dormant  till  the  year  1621.  In  which  time.  Sir  William 
Alexander,  who  was  then  one  of  the  Secretaries  of  State  for 
Scotland,  and  afterAvards  Earl  of  Sterling,  had  a  patent  for  it 
from  king  James,  where  he  settled  a  colony  and  jiossessed  it 
some  years.  After  that.  Sir  David  Kirk  was  proprietor  as  well 
as  governor,  but  did  not  enjoy  it  long ;  for  to  the  surprize  of  all 
thinking  men,  it  was  given  up  unto  the  French ;  but  Oliver,  who 
had  a  foreseeing  eye  of  the  danger  that  would  ensue  unto  the 
British  interest,  from  its  being  in  the  hands  of  so  potent  an  ene- 
mv,  re-took  it  in  the  year  1654,  and  in  no  after  treaties  would  be 
persuaded  to  surrender  it:  yet,  in  1662,  it  was  again  given  up, 
unto  the  shame  and  scandal  of  the  English. 

Monsieur  Maneval  was  then  made  governor,  who  built  a 
small  fort  at  Port- Royal,  which  lies  on  the  edge  of  a  basin  one 
league  broad,  and  two  long,  about  sixteen  foot  of  water  on  one 
side,  and  six  or  seven  on  the  other,  where  the  inhabitants  drove 
a  considerable  trade,  and  increased  much  in  the  adjacent  parts, 
till  Sir  William  Phips  in  the  year  1690,  took  possession  of  it  in 
the  name  of  king  William  and  Queen  Mary,  and  administered 
the  oaths  of  allegiance  to  the  inhabitants  ;  but  in  a  little  time 
they  revolted.  Col.  Nicholson  arrived  at  Boston,  July  1st,  1710, 
in  her  majesty's  ship  Dragon,  attended  by  the  Falmouth  and  a 
bombship,  with  several  transports,  British  officers,  a  regiment  of 
marines,  provisions,  and  stores  of  war ;  bringing  with  him  her 
majesty's  royal  command  to  the  several  governors  of  the  Mas- 

I  ■'  Tho  former  name  of  CHnada.— .Sw  Oordnn'i  Geography.  ] 


ijlenftaUoto's  {ittrian  WiavB. 


m 


sachiisetts,  New-Hampshire,  Connecticut  and  Rhode-IsUmcl,  to  be 
the  assisting  in  said  expedition;  who  very  readily  obeyed  and 
suupplied  their  respective  quotas  of  good  effective  men,  with 
transports,  provision,  stores  of  war,  pilots,  chaplains,  chirur- 
geons,  and  all  necessaries  for  the  service. 

Col.  Nicholson  was  appointed  general  and  commander  in  chief, 
who  embarked,  Sei)teiuber  18th,  from  Nantasket,  having  with 
him  her  majesty's  ship  the  Dragon,  commodore  Martyn,;  the 
Falmouth,  Capt.  Riddle ;  the  Lowstaff,  Capt.  Gordon ;  the  Fe- 
versham,  Capt.  Pastor ;  the  Province  Galley,  Cant.  Southack ;  the 
Star  Boom,  Capt.  Rochfort.  Besides  tenders,  transports,  hos- 
pitals, store-ships,  and  twenty-live  lesser  vessels,  with  open 
floats  for  carrying  l)oai'ds  and  necessaries  for  the  cannon.  The 
land  forces  consisted  of  live  regiments  of  foot,  whereof  Col. 
Vetch  w^as  Adjutant-General,  Sir  Charles  Hobby,  Col.  Walton, 
Col.  Taller,  Col.  Whiting,*  and  Col.  Reading,  had  commissions 
sent  them  from  the  Queen.  The  wind  proving  fair,  they  all 
safe  arrived  in  six  days,  excepting  Capt.  Taye,  who  at  his  en- 
tering into  the  Gut  was  lost  with  tw^enty-five  men.  Next  day, 
a  council  of  ^yar  was  held,  and  several  detachments  ordered  to  go 
ashore,  and  view  the  ground  for  the  better  landing  and  pitching 
their  camj).  Col.  Reading  and  Col.  Rednap,  with  a  company  of 
marines,  were  appointed  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  where 
the  fort  stood,  and  supported  with  one  hundred  and  fifty  men 
more,  under  the  command  of  Major  Mullens ;  at  the  same  time 
Col.  Vetch,  Col.  Walton,  Major  Brown,  Capt.  Southack,  and 
engineer  Forbes,  landed  on  the  north  side  with  a  company  of 
grenadiers,  commanded  by  Capt.  Mascareen.  After  this,  orders 
were  given  to  land  the  whole  army,  which  was  done  by  four 
o'clock,  in  the  afternoon.     The  fort  fired  on  them,  bnt  did  no 


[  <■  Col.  Joseph  Whiting  was  from  Connecticut.    He  graduated  at  Harvard  College   in  1690.— 3/5.  of  W.  lf/'/»- 
tkrop,  Eiq.  ] 


60 


i3rnl)aIloU)'s  hx^iaw  UXavs. 


damage.  In  the  evening,  the  bomb-ship  came  up,  and  Hulutod 
them  with  seven  shells,  which  number  the  fort  returned,  but 
without  execution.  On  Thursday,  the  twenty-sixth,  at  break  of 
day,  the  General  marched  with  the  army  on  the  soutli  side,  the 
marines  in  the  front,  Col.  Reading  at  their  head,  Col.  Whiting's 
regiment  in  the  centre,  sir  Charles  Hobby  in  the  rear,  and  Ma- 
jor Levingston  with  a  party  of  Indians  flanking  the  body  in  their 
march.  Towards  evening,  the  fort  fired  very  smartly,  and  so 
did  the  French  and  Indians  with  their  small  arms,  as  they  lay 
behind  the  fences,  who  killed  three  of  our  men.  Upon  landing 
the  stores,  which  were  brought  up  in  the  night,  the  enemy  dis- 
charged several  times  from  the  fort.  Next  day,  we  mounted 
some  of  our  guns,  and  made  preparations  to  bring  up  the  flat 
bottom  boats,  with  the  artillery  and  ammunition.  In  the  even- 
ing, our  bomb-ship  came  up  again,  and  threw  thirty-six  shells 
into  the  fort,  which  put  them  into  such  an  amazing  terror,  as 
brought  to  my  mind  the  saying  of  the  poet — 

The  slaughter-breathing  brass  grew  hot,  and  spnko 

In  flames  of  lightning,  and  in  clouds  of  buioke. 

After  that,  Lieut.  Col.  Ballantine  with  his  company  from  the 
fleet,  and  Col.  Gofi'e  from  Col.  Vetch  on  the  north,  with  four 
companies  more,  came  to  the  General's  camp ;  every  regiment 
was  now  preparing  for  further  engagements,  the  cannon  being 
all  landed.  Lieut.  Col.  Johnson,  with  three  hundred,  was  or- 
dered to  cut  fascines,  the  boats  being  constantly  employed  in 
going  and  coming  with  provisions  and  all  sorts  of  warlike  stores. 
On  Friday,  the  twenty-ninth,  two  French  officers,  a  fort  major, 
sergeant  and  drummer,  came  out  of  the  fort,  with  a  flag  of 
truce,  and  a  letter  from  Monsieur  Supercast  unto  the  General, 
respecting  some  gentlewomen  that  were  terrified  at  the  noise  of 
bombs,  praying  his  protection,  and  that  no  incivility  or  abuse 
might  be  done  them,   which   was  granted.      Next  day,  the 


r 


ll3cnf)allob*s  fntiian  Wiax^. 


61 


Hontinels  of  our  advaneod  guards,  discovered  some  (^f  the  ene- 
my near  the  woods,  whom  tliey  ])ursui'd,  and  look  Capt,  Allein  a 
prisoner.  October  1st,  the  great  guns  were  phu^ed  on  three  bat- 
teries; the  mortars  were  also  planted,  and  twenty-four  cohorts 
at  a  little  distance  from  the  outward  barrier  of  the  fort.  Tlu^sc 
all  played  upon  the  fort  with  good  etVcct;  the  French,  at  the 
same  time,  firing  tlieir  great  guns  and  mortars  u[)on  us.  The 
General  sent  Col.  Tailor  and  ('apt.  Abl)ercrond»y  with  a  snin- 
mons  to  Monsieur  Supercast,  the  governor,  to  deliver  up  tin^ 
fort  for  the  Queen  of  Giwat  Britain,  as  her  undoultted  right. 
The  answer  which  he  retui'iietl  was  soft,  oidy  desiring  a  capitu- 
lation with  some  of  the  ]ti-inci[)al  officers  on  each  side,  which 
was  granted;  and  thereupon  a  cessation  of  arms.  Next  day 
the  articles  of  ca]>itulation  were  drawn  up  ami  signed  by  Gene- 
ral Nicholson  and  the  Governor.  Upon  this,  several  coni])li- 
ments  passed  upon  each  side,  which  were  sent  by  major  Handy 
the  Aid-de-Camp.  And  on  October  oth,  the  fort  was  delivered 
up.  Upon  which  ^lajor  Al)bercroml)y,  with  two  hundred  men, 
five  captains,  and  eight  subalterns,  were  ordcu'ed  to  take  pos- 
session thereof.  Capt.  Davidson  marched  first  at  the  head  of 
fifty  grenadiers :  Major  Abbercromby,  Cai)t.  Mascareen,  Ca]it. 
Bartlett,  Capt.  Adams,  and  Capt.  Lyon,  followed  in  their  in'ojier 
stations ;  the  General,  with  Col.  Vetch  on  hisright  hand,  and  Sir 
Charles  Hobby  on  the  left;  with  Monsieur  Bona  venture  and 
D'Gouten  who  were  hostages ;  and  then  the  field  officers,  with  a 
great  many  others  advanced  to  the  Fort,  where  the  French  Gov- 
ernor met  them  half  way  on  the  l)ridge,  with  Col.  Reading,  and 
Capt.  Matthews,  who  were  hostages  on  our  side,  and  compli- 
mented him  in  these  words. 

"  Sir,  I  am  very  sorry  for  the  King,  my  master,  in  losing  so 
brave  a  Fort,  and  the  territories  adjoining ;  but  count  myself 
happy  in  falling  into  the  hands  of  one  so  noble  and   generous, 


62 


JSIenfialloUi's  Inbian  JIfflars. 


and  now  deliver  up  tlie  keys  of  the  Fort,  and  all  tho  magazine 
into  your  hands,  lioi)in^  to  give  you  a  visit  next  spring." 
Which  Keys  the  General  innnediatcly  delivered  to  Col.  Vetch, 
as  Governor  of  the  Fort,  by  virtue  of  her  majesty's  instructions  : 
whereupon  Monsieur  Supercast,  with  his  officers  and  trooj)8 
marched  out  with  drums  beating,  colours  flying,  and  guns 
shouldered  ;  each  paying  their  respects  to  tho  General,  as  they 
passed  by ;  and  then  our  army  entered  tho  Fort,  hoisted  the 
union  flag  and  drank  the  Queen's  health,  tiring  all  the  guns 
round  the  Fort,  as  likewise  did  the  men  of  war,  and  other  ves- 
sels in  the  River. 

On  the  success  of  these  her  Majesty's  arms,  a  day  of  thanks- 
giving was  solemnized,  and  agreeable  to  the  articles  of  capitula- 
tion, three  vessels  were  a])jK>inted,  to  transport  the  soldiers  un- 
to France,  being  two  hundred  and  tifty  eight ;  who  besides  the 
common  allowance,  had  a  considerable  stock  of  wine,  brandy, 
sugar,  spice,  and  other  things,  with  a  plentiful  supply  for  the 
late  Governor.  After  this,  a  council  of  war  was  called,  who  re- 
solved, that  Major  Levinston,  with  St.  Casteen,  and  three  In- 
dian guides,  should  go  to  the  Governor  of  Canada,  about  the  ex- 
change of  captives,  and  inform  him  how  matters  were  here. 
Their  first  arrival  was  at  Penobscot,  St.  Casteen's  house,  who 
courteously  entertained  him.  From  thence  they  went  to  the 
island  of  Lett,  where  they  met  with  fifty  canoes,  and  twice  as 
many  Indians,  besides  women  and  children ;  there  were  two  Eng- 
lish prisoners,  taken  a  little  before  at  Winterharbor.  Two  days 
after,  one  of  the  prisoners  made  his  escape  from  an  island  where 
he  was  hunting  with  his  master,  carrying  with  him  both  his  ca- 
noe and  gun,  and  left  him  behind ;  which  so  exasperated  the 
wretch,  that  when  he  got  from  thence,  and  came  where  Major 
Levinston  was,  he  took  him  by  the  throat  with  his  hacthet  in  his 
hand  ready  to  give  hrni  the  fatal  stroke,  had  not  St.  Casteen 


iPenftalloto's  Inbian  fflMavs. 


63 


iutin'posed ;  ho  was  however  kept  prisoner  some  time,  but  by 
tlie  prudent  niannu;enient,  and  mediation  of  tliat  gentleman,  was 
relcniHod.  November  the  4lli,  they  took  their  departure,  and 
next  day  the  Major's  canoe  overset,  drowning  one  Indian,  where 
ho  also  k)st  his  gun  and  all  lie  had;  after  that  coming  among 
the  ice,  their  canoe  was  cut  to  pieces,  which  obliged  them  to 
travel  the  rest  of  the  way  by  land,  through  hori'il)le  <leserts  and 
mountains,  l)eing  often  forced  to  head  rivers,  and  lakes,  and 
sometimes  knco  deep  in  snow  scarce  |)assing  a  day  without  ford- 
ing some  river  or  oiher,  whirh  in  some  places  were  very  ra])id 
and  dangerous:  and  for  nineteen  days  together  never  saw  the 
sun,  the  weather  being  siormy  and  ''nil  of  fogs,  and  the  trees  so 
prodigious  thick,  that  in  many  olaces  it  was  with  diiliculty  they 
got  through,  being  mostly  s^.i  ce,  and  cedar,  and  the  way  under 
foot  so  extreme  rocky,  ih.it  it  was  aVi.ost  next  to  an  inij)ossibili- 
ty.  At  last  their  pro 'isi.ns  were  wholly  spent,  so  that  for  six 
days  together,  they  had  not  one  morsel  to  ccii  but  what  they 
scraped  off  the  frozen  earth,  or  olf  the  bark  of  trees.  After 
these  unspeakable  difficulties,  they  arri\'ed  at  Quebec,  December 
the  sixteenth,  where  ihey  were  handsomely  entertained,  and 
after  some  time  of  refreshment,  discoursed  about  the  prisoners. 
The  Governor  at  their  return,  sent  two  gentlemen  with  them  to 
Boston,  to  treat  on  the  same  head.  Six  days  homeward,  his 
man  fell  s''"k.  whom  he  left  in  a  hospital  at  Troy  River.* 
From  thencj  .iiey  came  to  Chamblee,  and  brought  with  them 
three  birch  canoes,  being  thirteen  in  number,  which  canoes  they 
carried  r-vventy  miles  by  land  through  the  woods  and  ice,  and 
then  paosed  in  them  sixty  miles  by  water,  crossing  the  Lake. 
They  did  not  arrive  at  Albany  till  February  23. 

Early  in  the  spring,  the  enemy  appeared  as  insulting  as  ever. 
The  first  that  fell  under  their  cruelty,  was  Benjamin  Preble  of 

[  *  Trols  RiTieres,  In  Lower  Canada.  ] 


64 


IPentalloto's  Jntrian  Mats. 


York;  but  the  most  affecting  and  surprising  stroke  was  on  Col. 
Hilton  of  Exeter,  who  being  deeply  engaged  in  the  masting 
aifair,  and  havini?  several  trees  of  value  that  were  felled  four- 
teen  miles  up  the  country,  went  out  with  seventeen  men  to 
peel  off  the  bark  for  fear  of  worms :  but  not  being  so  careful  and 
watchful  as  they  ought  to  be,  on  July  the  twenty-second  *  they 
were  ambusiied  by  a  body  of  Indians  that  were  making  a  de- 
scent u[)on  us.  They  took  two  and  killed  three,  whereof  the  Col- 
onel was  one ;  which  so  surprized  the  rest,  (their  guns  being  wet) 
that  they  all  ran  without  firing  one  shot,  or  making  the  least 
reprisal.  This  caused  the  enemy  to  triumph,  and  the  more  be- 
cause they  slew  a  superior  officer,  whom  they  soon  scalped,  and 
Avith  utmost  revenge  struck  their  hatchets  into  his  brains,  leav- 
ing a  lance  at  his  heart.  Xext  day,  about  a  hundred  men  went 
in  i)iirsuit  of  them,  but  could  not  discover  any.  One  of  the  slain 
was  buried  on  the  spot,  the  other  two  brought  home,  where  the 
Col.  was  decently  interred,  the  several  troops  in  great  solemnity 
attending  his  corps.  He  was  a  gentleman  of  good  temper, 
courage  and  conduct,  respected  and  lamented  by  all  that  knew 
liim.f 

After  this,  the  enemy  appeared  very  bold  and  insolent  in  the 
town,  in  open  streets,  where  they  carried  captive  four  children 
as  they  were  at  play.  They  then  took  John  Wedgewood,  whom 
they  carried  to  Canada,  and  after  that,  killed  John  Magoon,  of 
whom  one  thing  is  remarkable ;  that  three  nights  before,  he 
dreamed  he  should  be  slain  by  the  Indians,  at  a  certain  place 
near  his  brother's  barn ;  which  place  he  frequently  visited  with 
a  melancholy  countenance,  telling  several  of  the  neighborhood, 

[■:■  JuDc  2:!,  1710,  sayR  tbo  monument  over  his  grave.  For  a  particnlar  memoir  of  his  life,  the  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  Farmer  &  Moore' t  CoUeclioni,  \<il.  I.  p.  241,  251.  ] 

[  t  The  sime  diiy  that  Colonel  Hilton  wn8  killed,  a  company  of  Indiann  who  had  pretended  friendship,  who 
had  been  '.)euccal)ly  convcrHnnt  with  the  inhabitants  of  KingHton,  and  seemed  to  be  thirsting  after  the  blood 
of  the  enemy,  came  into  the  town  and  ambushing  the  road,  killed  Samuel  Winalow  and  Samuel  HontoonMhey 
also  took  Philip  Huntoou  and  Jacob  Oilman,  and  carried  them  to  Canaada ;  where  after  some  time,  they  pur- 
chased their  own  redemption  by  building  a  saw-mill  for  the  governor  after  the  English   mode.—  1  B^lkttap,  280.] 


ilenftallob's  Inbian  fflJBats, 


65 


that  within  a  little  while  he  should  bo  killed,  and  pointed  to  the 
very  spot,  which  fell  out  accordingly. 

After  this,  they  bent  their  fury  westward,  where  at  Water- 
bury  they  killed  three,  and  one  at  Simsbury.*  About  the 
same  time  they  fell  on  Brooktield,  and  then  at  Marlborough, 
where  they  shot  the  post  as  he  was  riding  to  Hadle3\  From 
thence  they  went  to  Chelmsford,  where  they  wounded  jNIajor 
Tyng,t  who  soon  after  expired ;  he  was  a  true  lover  of  his 
country,  and  had  very  often  distinguished  himself  a  gentleman 
of  good  valor  and  conduct. J 

August  the  2d,  between  forty  and  fifty  French  and  Indians 
fell  on  Winter-Harbor,  where  they  killed  a  women  and  took  two 
men,  one  whereof  was  Mr.  Pendleton  Fletcher,  which  was  the 
fourth  time  of  his  captivity ;  but  he  was  soon  redeemed  by  the 
garrison.  The  week  after,  they  came  with  a  far  superior  nu;.n- 
ber,  killed  three,  and  carried  away  six,  one  of  the  slain  they  bar- 
barously skinned,  and  made  themselves  girdles  of  his  skin  The 
last  that  fell  this  season,  was  Jacob  Garland  of  Cooheco,  in  his 
returning  from  publick  worship. 

As  the  winter  approached,  Colonel  Walton  was  again  prepar- 
ing to  traverse  the  eastern  shore  with  an  hundred  nnd  seventy 
men,  being  the  usual  season  of  visiting  their  clam  bunks,  where 
one  of  the  enemy  very  hai)[)ily  fell  into  his  hands  as  they  Avere 
enctimping  on  an  island;  for  by  the  smoke  that  the  English 
made,  they  came  near,  concluding  them  to  be  some  of  their  own 

[  *Tlicsc  towns  are  in  Coiinectiiiit. ] 

[tMHJiirTviig  wna  woundod  by  tholnilians  lietwopii  Concord  nnd  Gruton.    IIo  was  ciirrM   to  Concord  and 

there  died.     Alkn'i  Hist  of  Chrlnifforil.] 

[I  On  tho  Wtli  Jnly,  1710,  M\  men,  Klipnczer  Iliiywanl.  .Icdiii  \\  hitts  Sloplicu  and  IWiiJiimin  Jennings,  Joh.. 
Orosvenorand  Joseph  KcllDgg,  wcro  milking  liity  in  thu  meadows,  whi-n  tho  Indinns,  who  hud  hocu  watching  nn 
opportunity  to  surpri/e  them,  Hpiiiiigsiidilunly  upon  tlnni,  dispatchid  livn  of  them,  nnd  took  tlie  otlicr,  Johi 
WUIto,  prisonor.  Wliito  spying  a  small  company  of  oiir  people  at  u  di-tanee,  jiimpeil  from  the  Indian  who  hold 
him,  and  ran  tojoin  his  fri('ndH;  hot  tho  Indian  hred  altiT  him,  and  wounded  liim  in  the  tlii^'h,  hy  whieh  he 
foil ;  but  soim  rocovored  and  rnnnhiK  iigaiu,  he  was  again  tired  at,  and  receiv.'cl  his  deatli  wound.  This  was  the 
last  uiiscliiof  done  by  tho  Indians  at  Urooklleld.     WhUney'i  Hist,  of  Worce»t<r,  p.  72.  J 

6* 


66 


^PenftalloUj's  hit^mi  Mats. 


tribe,  but  finding  themselves  deceived,  they  attempted  to  escape, 
which  our  men  prevented.  The  principal  Indian  among  them 
was  Arruhawikwabemt,  chief  Sachem  of  Naridgwalk,  an  active 
bold  fellow",  and  one  of  an  undaunted  spirit;  for  when  they  asked 
several  questions,  he  made  them  no  reply,  and  when  they 
threatened  him  with  death,  he  laughed  at  it  with  contempt ; 
U2)on  which  they  delivered  him  uj)  unto  our  friend  Indians,  who 
soon  became  his  executioners ;  but  when  the  squaw  saw  the 
destiny  of  her  husband,  she  became  more  flexible,  and  freely  dis- 
covered where  each  of  them  encamped.  Upon  this,  they  went 
further  east,  and  took  three  more ;  after  that,  a  certain  Indian 
(thro'  discontent)  surrendered  himself,  and  informed  of  Mauxis 
and  several  others  that  were  at  Penobscot,  which  our  forces  had 
regard  unto ;  and  as  they  returned,  went  up  Saco  river,  where 
they  took  two,  and  killed  five  more.  Noav  although  the  num- 
ber that  we  destroyed  of  them  seems  inconsiderable  to  what 
they  did  of  ours,  3'et  by  cold,  hanger,  and  sickness,  at  least  a 
third  of  them  was  wasted  since  the  w^ar  begun.  For  as  their 
number  at  first  (among  the  several  tribes)  were  computed  four 
hundred  and  fifty  fighting  men  from  Penobscot,  westward,  they 
were  now  reduced  to  about  three  hundred,  which  made  the  old 
men  weary  of  the  war,  and  to  covet  peace.  At  Winter  harbor, 
they  took  Corporal  Ayers,  but  soon  released  him,  without  offer- 
ing him  the  least  injury,  and  then  went  into  the  fort  with  a  flag 
of  truce,  professing  their  desire  of  a  pacification.  Yet  in  a  few 
days  after,  some  came  in  a  hostile  manner  at  Cochecho,  where 
they  slew  Tlioma  Downs,  and  three  more,  while  at  work  in  the 
field.  After  that,  they  went  to  Yoi'k,  where  they  killed  one  and 
wounded  another,  who  afterwards  got  to  the  garrison  and  re- 
ported, that  as  they  were  fishing  in  the  pond,  they  were  Avay-laid 
by  five  Indians,  one  of  which  ran  furiously  at  him  and  knocked 
him  on  the  head :  after  this,  they  scalped  him,  and  cut  him  deep  in 


iPenJalloto's  Intiian  Mars. 


67 


the  neck.  He  perfectly  retained  his  senses,  but  made  not  the 
least  motion  or  struggle,  and  by  this  means  saved  his  life. 
April,  the  29th,  the  like  number  appeared  at  Wells,  where  they 
killed  two  men  as  they  were  planting  corn.  After  that,  they 
slew  John  Church  of  Cochecho ;  and  then  way-laid  the  people 
as  they  returned  from  publick  worship ;  where  they  wounded 
one,*  and  laid  violent  hands  on  another  ;f  but  upon  firing 
their  guns,  some  who  were  before,  returned  andr  escued  the 
prisoner.  Upon  this.  Col.  Walton  went  with  two  companies  of 
men  to  Ossipee  and  Winnepiseogee  J  ponds,  being  places  of 
general  resort  for  fishing,  fowling,  and  hunting ;  but  saw  none, 
only  a  few  deserted  wigwams ;  for  being  so  closely  pursued  from 
one  place  to  another,  they  removed  to  other  nations,  leaving 
only  a  few  cut-throats  behind,  which  kept  the  country  in  a  con- 
stant alarm. 

Col.  Nicholson,  by  the  reduction  of  Port  Royal,  (which  from 
that  time  bears  the  name  of  Annapolis  Royal)  was  but  the  more 
inflamed  with  the  desire  of  the  con(|uest  of  Canada.  Where- 
fore upon  his  return  to  England,  he  so  effectually  represented 
to  the  f[ueen  and  ministry,  the  great  advantage  that  would  ac- 
crue unto  the  crown  thereby,  that  he  obtained  orders  for  a  sulU- 
cient  force,  both  by  sea  and  land,  with  the  assistance  of  the  sev- 
eral colonies.  And  for  the  better  expediting  the  same,  he  set 
sail  the  latter  end  of  April,  some  time  before  the  fleet,  with 
exi)re.ss  orders  unto  the  several  governors  of  New-England, 
New- York,  the  Jerseys,  and  Thiladelphia,  to  get  their  quotas  of 
men  in  readiness.  He  arrived  at  Boston,  on  June  the  eighth, 
1711,  to  the  great  joy  and  satisfaction  of  the  country.  A  Con- 
gress hereupon  was  appointed  at  New-London,  being  nearest  the 
centre,  where  the  several  governors  met,  witli  a  firm  resolution 
of  carrying  on  the  important  affairs.     On  the  2oth,  the  castle 

t  Winnopisseocuy  iu  cgpy,  ] 


[  <'  John  Horn. 


t  Uumphrey  Fosi. 


68 


iPenftalloto's  Inbian  WLaxs. 


^i 


gave  a  signal  of  ships  in  the  bay,  which  proved  to  be  the  fleet : 
upon  which  the  troops  of  guards,  and  regiment  of  foot  were 
under  arms  to  receive  them,  and  as  his  Excellency  was  not  yet 
returned,  the  gentlemen  of  the  Council,  and  others  of  distinction, 
went  to  congratulate  them. 

Brigadier  Hill  was  Commander  in  Chief  of  these  her  Ma- 
jesty's troops,  and  Sir  Plovenden  Walker,  Admiral  of  the  fleet, 
which  consisted  of  fifteen  men  of  war,  forty  transports,  a  bat- 
talion of  marines,  and  several  regiments  under  Colonel  Kirk, 
Colonel  Segmore,  Brigadier  Hill,  Colonel  Disnee,  Colonel  Win- 
dress,  Colonel  Clayton  and  Colonel  Kaine,  with  upwards  of  five 
thousand  men,  who  arrived  safe  in  health,  and  encamped  on 
Noddle's  Island,  where  the  General  invited  the  Governor  to 
view  them  under  arms.  They  made  the  finest  appearance  that 
was  ever  yet  seen  or  known  in  America.  Her  Majesty,  out  of 
her  royal  lavor,  was  also  i^leased  to  send  six  ships,  with  all  man- 
ner of  warlike  stores,  and  a  fine  train  of  artillery,  with  forty 
horses  to  draw  the  same. 

It  is  surprising  to  think  how  vigorously  this  expedition  was 
forwarded,  while  at  Boston,  although  a  town  but  of  eighty  years 
standing,  out  of  a  howling  wilderness ;  yet  scarce  any  town  in 
the  kingdom  (but  where  stores  arc  laid  up  before)  could  have 
eftected  the  same  in  so  short  a  time.  For  in  less  than  a  month 
the  whole  army  was  sui)plied  with  ten  weeks'  provision,  and  all 
other  necessaries  that  were  wanted,  besides  two  regiments  of 
our  New-England  forces,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Vetch 
and  Colonel  Walton,  who  embarked  at  the  same  time,  in  trans- 
ports of  our  own.  On  the  day  that  the  fleet  sailed,  Colonel  Nich- 
olson set  out  for  New- York,  and  from  thence  for  Albany,  having 
ordered  batteaux  before,  and  every  thing  else  on  the  inland  fron- 
tiers, to  be  in  readiness  for  passing  the  lake  with  utmost  api)li- 
cation.     The  assembly  of  New- York  raised  ten  thousand  pounds. 


^Peitt^Hoto^s  fnbian  Mats. 


69 


besides  their  proportion  of  men,  the  Jerseys  five,  and  although 
Pennsylvania  was  not  so  free  of  their  persons,  because  of  their 
persuasion,  yet  were  as  generous  in  their  purse,  as  any  of  the 
other  colonies  in  carrying  on  the  expedition. 

Every  thing  now  looked  with  a  smiling  aspect  of  success, 
considering  the  powerful  strength  by  land  and  sea,  the  former 
being  as  fine  regimental  troops  as  any  that  belonged  to  the  Duke 
of  Marlborough's  army ;  and  the  latter  as  serviceable  ships  as 
any  in  the  whole  navy,  which  for  better  satisfaction  I  have  here 
inserted. 

The  Swiftzure,  to  lead  with  starboard. 

The  Monmouth,  with  the  larboard  tack  aboard. 


Ships'  Nnmes. 

Swiftzure, 

Josepli 

Taptains. 

L  Soans 

Men. 

444 

Guns. 

70 

Sunderland, 

Gore 

365 

60 

Enterprize, 

Smith 

190 

40 

Sa])hire, 

Cockburn 

190 

40 

Windsor, 

Artist 

365 

60 

Kingstown, 

Winder 

365 

60 

Montague, 

Walton 

165 

60 

Devonshire, 

Cooper 

620 

80 

Edgar,      Sr. 

H.  Walker 

Admiral 

470 

70 

Humber 

Colliford 

520 

80 

Dunkirk, 

Rouse 

365 

60 

Feversham, 

Paston 

196 

36 

Leopard, 

Cook 

280 

50 

Chester, 

Mathews 

280 

64 

Monmouth, 

Mitchel 

440 

70 

15  15  5351  890 

The  first  harbor  they  made  after  they  sailed  from  Nantasket, 
was  Cape  Graspey,  from  thence  they  sailed  up  St.  Lawrence 


70 


l^cnljalloto's  fntiian  Mars. 


river,  until  they  got  up  off  the  Virgin  Mountains  ;  the  weather 
then  proving  foggy,  and  the  wind  freshening,  the  Admiral  asked 
the  pilots  what  was  best  to  do?  who  advised  that  as  the  fleet 
was  on  the  north  shore,  it  would  be  best  to  bring  to,  with 
their  heads  unto  the  southward,  but  he  obstinately  refusing, 
acted  the  reverse,  and  ordered  their  heads  unto  the  north,  which 
was  so  astonishing  unto  the  pilots,  that  one  and  another  fore- 
told their  fear  (unto  the  officers)  and  the  destiny  that  would  at- 
tend them  before  the  morning;  which  accordingly  fell  out.  For 
at  one  of  the  clock,  nine  ships,  with  1500  men  were  all  cast 
ashore,  and  most  of  the  rest  in  as  eminent  danger;  but  so  soon 
as  the  former  struck,  they  iired  their  guns,  which  gave  caution 
to  the  rest,  some  of  which  wore,  and  stood  off ;  others  were  so 
encompassed  by  the  breakers  that  they  were  obliged  to  bring  to 
their  anchors,  which  was  their  last  refuge  ;  but  before  the  day 
approached,  the  wind  ha})pily  shifted  to  W.  N.  W.  upon  which 
they  cut  their  cables,  and  came  to  sail.  Soon  after,  a  council  of 
war  was  called,  but  the  result  not  known  until  the  evening, 
and  then  the  flag  bore  away  to  Spanish  River,  w^ithout  giving 
the  usual  signal ;  on  which  many  of  the  windward  ships  were 
left  behind;  but  a  small  man  of  war  was  ordered  to  cruise  the 
next  day  for  those  that  were  left,  and  to  take  up  such  as  might 
be  alive  among  the  dead,  who  were  about  six  hundred.  After 
this,  they  made  towards  the  fleet,  but  were  eight  days  in  get- 
ting down ;  during  which  time  the  Avind  was  eastwardly,  and 
had  our  fleet  proceeded,  (as  it  were  to  be  wished  they  had) 
might  easily  have  got  unto  Quebec  in  forty-eight  hours. 

Upon  this  disaster,  the  whole  country  (and  indeed  the  nation) 
was  alarmed,  and  many  censures  and  jealousies  arose,  some  im- 
puting it  to  cowardice,  but  most  to  treachery,  and  the  secret  in- 
fluence of  some  malcontents  then  at  helm ;  otherwise  why  would 
a  matter  of  such  vast  importance  to  the  British  kingdom,  be 


^enljalloiD^s  Inbian  fflSKars. 


71 


hushed  up  in  silence,  and  the  principal  officers  not  summoned 
to  appear?  It  the  Admiral  was  in  fault,  wherefore  was  he  not 
called  to  an  account  ?  Or  why  did  not  the  General,  to  vindicate 
himself,  lay  a  remonstrance  befcn-e  the  council  board?  And  the 
pilots,  (who  were  ordered  from  hence  at  so  great  a  charge  to  the 
country,  to  represent  matters  in  a  true  light)  been  examined? 
But  instead  thereof,  dismissed  without  being  asked  one  question. 
However,  one  thing  is  remarkable,  that  among  those  that  were 
shipwrecked,  and  lost  their  lives,  there  was  but  one  single  person 
that  belonged  to  New-England  among  them. 

Colonel  Nicholson  at  this  juncture  was  industriously  engaged 
in  getting  the  batteaux  ready  for  passing  the  lake  with  a  consid- 
erable number  of  friend  Indians,  as  well  ns  English,  for  the  at- 
tack of  Montreal,  which  next  to  Quebec,  was  the  place  of  great- 
est imjDortance  in  all  the  French  territories.  But  just  as  he 
was  ready  to  embark,  an  express  came  and  gave  an  account  of 
the  miserable  disaster  that  befel  the  fleet :  whereas,  if  he  had 
proceeded,  his  whole  army  would  probably  have  been  cut  off; 
for  upon  advice  of  our  fleet's  misfortune,  the  French  drew  off 
all  their  auxiliaries,  [ind  most  of  their  militia  to  reinforce  Mon- 
treal, being  advised  of  the  descent  that  was  making  on  them. 
So  great  was  our  loss  in  this  enterprise,  that  it  affected  the  whole 
country  seven  years  after;  as  the  advance  and  expense  of  so 
much  money  and  provisions  might  well  do.  And  it  as  much 
flushed  the  enemy :  for  out  of  the  ruins  of  our  vessels  they  not 
only  got  much  plunder,  but  fortified  their  castle  and  out  batte- 
ries, with  a  considerable  number  of  cannon.  They  moreover 
stirred  up  the  French  and  Indians  about  Annapolis  Royal  to 
revolt  from  their  allegiance  to  the  crown.  Capt.  Pidgeon  being 
ordered  up  the  river  for  timber  to  repair  the  fort,  was  violently 
attacked  by  no  less  than  one  hundred  and  fifty,  who  killed  the 
whole  boat's  crew,  wounded  the  fort  major,  and  afterwards  Nery 


72   t 


iPenftalloto's  I-nbian  3!Mavs. 


y 


barbarously  murdered  him.  They  also  slew  Capt.  Forbia,  Iho 
engineer,  besides  several  others,  and  took  thirty-four  of  them 
prisoners.  Soon  after  this,  we  were  informed  of  the  arrival  oi 
our  British  forces  in  England,  on  the  9th  of  October,  at  Ports- 
mouth, where  on  the  IStli  following,  the  Admiral's  ship,  the  Kc\- 
gar,  was  accidentally  blown  up,  with  4(X)  seamen  and  sc\'eral 
other  people  on  board,  all  the  oflRcers  being  on  shore. 

The  reduction  of  Canada  waa  a  matter  of  great  consequonw, 
not  only  to  the  interest  of  New-England  and  the  adjacent  colo- 
nies ;  but  also  to  the  whole  British  empire.  Not  that  in  itself 
it  is  of  such  intrinsic  value ;  for  that  the  cold  is  so  great,  and 
the  ice  so  rigid,  as  to  embargo  it  more  than  half  the  year.  But 
as  the  ingenious  Mr.  Dummer  observes,  in  a  letter  of  his  to  a 
noble  lord  in  the  year  1712,  the  consequence  would  be  very  val- 
uable ;  for  as  it  extends  above  one  thousand  leagues  towards 
the  Mississippi,  it  would  require  a  vast  consum]>tion  yearly  of 
the  English  manufacture  to  support  it ;  there  being  so  great  a 
number  of  several  nations  that  live  behind,  which  bring  down 
vast  quantities  of  furs  of  all  sorts,  as  amount  to  an  incredible 
sum.  But  her  Majesty's  royal  aim,  as  he  notes,  was  not  so  im- 
mediately to  advance  a  trade,  as  the  security  and  peace  of  her 
good  subjects  in  North  America;  being  thoroughly  apjirized 
that  so  long  as  the  French  inhabit  there,  so  long  the  English 
would  be  in  hazard. 

The  Hudson's  Bay  Comi-)any,  as  w^ell  as  Newfoundland,  have 
given  a  melancholy  account  of  the  many  ravages  that  have  been 
committed  there  by  the  powerful  assistance  of  those  savages.  I 
am  not  insensible  that  many  have  blamed  New-England,  and 
cast  the  odium  wholly  on  them  for  not  succeeding  in  this  enter- 
prize  ;  but  why  New-England  should  be  branded  with  such  in- 
famy, I  never  could  yet  hear  the  grounds,  or  any  reason  as- 
signed, but  what  sprung  from  some  capricious  brains,  who  were 


lUcntalloto's  hxt^ian  MUx^, 


'#73 


no  well  wishers  either  to  the  cause  or  countrv,  and  woiikl  stis'- 
matize  us  if  possible,  as  enemies  to  the  church,  and  disloyal  to 

But  why  enemies  to  the  church?  or  wlierein  is 


our  sovereign. 


it  that  we  diifer  from  them  ?  save  only  in  the  ceremonies,  which 
none  of  them  will  allow  to  be  essential.     We  indeed  are  called 
dissenters ;  but  many  of  those  that  are  of  the  church,  dissent 
more  from  one  another  than  we  do :  for  what  Ave  differ  from,  is, 
(as  they  themselves  term  it)  only  in  matters  of  indifferency ;  but 
many  of  them  are  dissenters  from  their  own  articles  of  faith. 
Is  not  our  own  doctrine  the  same  ?  the  Sabbath  as  strictly  sol- 
emnized ?  and  our  mode  of  worship  as  agreeable  to  the  prima- 
tive  constitution,  as  any  other  church  in  the  world  ?     Not  but 
that  we  have  degenerated  from  the  pious  steps  of  our  forefathers, 
yet  I  am  bold  to  say,  that  as  to  number,  there  are  as  many  sin- 
cere and  good  people  in  New-England  as  in  any  one  part  of  the 
world.     But  I  beg  pardon  for  this  digression,  which  is  only  to 
wipe  off  the  calunmy  that  is  too  often  cast  upon  us.     Now  as  to 
our  loyalty,  such  pregnant  instances  may  be  given  thereof,  as 
will  be  surprizing  to  posterity.     Witness  our  generous  and  no- 
ble undertaking  in  the   reduction   of  Port  Royal  under  Sir 
William  Phips ;  and  after  that,  in  the  year  1G90,  in  our  descent 
on  Canada,  where  we  lost  many  hundred  brave  men,  and  at  our 
own  cost  expended  upwards  of  one  hundred  and  forty  thousand 
pounds  in  money,  without  any  allowance  or  assistance  from  the 
Crown.    After  this,  a  new  descent  on  Port  Royal,  which  although 
we  miscarried  in  that  also,  yet  as  Mr.  Dummer  observes,  we 
were  not  dispirited  in  raising  another  body  of  troops  under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Nicholson.     And  all  this  under  the  oppres- 
sion of  twenty  years  war  before,  by  the  French  and  Indians. 
Yet  in  the  last  fatal  expedition,  we  supplied  more  than  our  quota 
which  the  Queen  assigned ;  besides,  great  sums  were  advanced 

to  furnish  the  British  forces,  which  but  few  towns  in  the  kingdom 

7 


7«# 


)Penl)aUoU)'0  hitian  WLat^. 


of  England  were  able  to  effect;   and   none  could  do  it  with 
greater  alacrity  and  cheerfulness  of  spirit  than  we  did. 

In  the  history  of  Sir  Sebastian  Cabot,*  which  I  before  hinted, 
we  were  informed  that  he  took  the  great  ri\  er  of  St.  Lawrence 
for  the  crown  of  Great  Britain,  in  the  reign  of  King  Henry  the 
seventh,  which,  according  to  the  French  historians,  coutains 
almost  2000  miles  in  length  and  840  in  breadth,  situate  between 
the  39th  and  64th  degrees  of  north  latitude,  which  takes  in  Aca- 
dia, Newfoundland  and  Terra  De  Labrador.  This  great  terri- 
tory, in  the  beginning  of  the  last  century,  by  the  contrivance  of 
some  then  at  helm,  was  taken  possession  of  by  the  French,  who 
since  that,  have  made  many  fine  settlements,  more  especially  at 
Montreal  and  Quebec.  The  latter  is  called  a  city  commanded 
by  a  castle,  which  stands  on  an  eminence,  in  which  are  five 
churches,  a  cathedral,  a  bishop  and  twelve  prebendaries.  Our 
unhappy  disappointment  against  Canada  gave  great  uneasiness 
to  the  country,  and  was  matter  of  fear  lest  new  rei)risals  would 
be  made  on  the  out-skirts ;  wherefore  it  was  determined  that 
Colonel  Walton  with  one  hundred  and  eighty  men,  should  go  to 
Penobscot  and  the  adjacent  territories,  where  he  burnt  two  fish- 
ing vessels,  (that  were  preparing  to  come  upon  us  early  in  the 
spring)  and  took  several  captives,  with  some  plunder. 

But  New-England  at  this  time  was  not  alone  insulted.  The 
Jesuits  were  every  way  endeavoring  to  stir  up  the  Indians,  and 
at  last  did  influence  them  to  make  a  descent  on  the  borders  of 
Virginia,  where  they  murdered  a  great  many  of  the  Palatines  : 
upon  which,  a  considerable  number  was  raised,  who  went  in 
quest  of  them,  and  destroyed  four  towns,  besides  a  great  many 
whom  they  took  prisoners.  Some  of  them  were  supposed  to  be 
the  Senecas,  who  are  a  branch  of  the  Five  Nations.  Another 
tribe  called  the  Choctaws,t  made  many  incursions  on  Carolina ; 


[  *  Cobbet,  in  the  copy. 


t  Shacktaus,  in  the  copy,] 


iPcntjalloUj's  Irutiian  Slffilais, 


to 


upon  which  Col.  Gibs,  the  Governor,  commissioned  Capt.  Tin  st- 
ings, and  B ,  the  Indian  Emperor,  who  was  in  league 

with  the  English;  as  also  Capt.  Welch,  with  l!n'  assistance  of 
the  Chickasaw*  Indians,  to  fall  on  them  in  several  parts,  and 
in  a  little  time  got  to  their  head-quarters,  where  the  enemy  in 
three  divisions  endeavoured  to  surround  them,  V)ut  after  a  smart 
engagement,  received  a  i)erfcct  overthrow,  which  was  followed 
with  the  burning  and  destroying  four  hundred  houses  or  wig- 
wams. The  friend  Indians  appeared  bold  and  active,  but  for 
want  of  discipline  and  a  good  regulation,  did  not  the  service  that 
otherwise  they  might.  After  this.  Col.  Barnwell  went  in  pur- 
suit of  another  nation  called  the  Tuskarora.:,,!  and  entirely  routed 
them. 

I  now  return  to  our  frontiers,  where  at  Exeter,  April  16th, 
1712,  they  killed  Mr.  Cuningham  as  he  was  travelling  the  road 
from  Mr.  Hilton's  to  Exeter.  After  this,  they  shot  Samuel 
Webber  between  York  and  Cape  Neddick :  others  fell  on  seve- 
ral teams  in  Wells,  where  tliev  slew  three  and  wounded  as 
many  more.  One  of  the  slain  was  Lieut.  Littlefield,  who  a  little 
before  was  redeemed  out  of  captivity,  and  a  person  very  much 
lamented.  Soon  after,  they  appeared  in  the  middle  of  the  town, 
and  carried  away  two  from  thence.  They  went  to  Spruce  Creek, 
where  they  killed  a  boy,  and  took  another,  and  then  went  to 
York,  but  being  pursued,  made  their  escape.  Another  party 
fell  on  the  upper  branch  of  Oyster  river,  where  they  shot  Jere- 
miah Cromett,  and  three  miles  higher,  burnt  a  saw  mill  with  a 
great  many  thousand  of  boards.  Next  day,  they  slew  Ensign 
Tuttle  at  Tole-End,$  and  wounded  a  son  of  Lieut.  Herd's  as  he 
stood  sentinel.  May  14th,  about  thirty  French  and  Indians  who 
had  a  design  on  York,  surprized  a  scout  of  ours  as  they  were 
marching  to  Cape  Neddick,  where  they  slew  Sergeant  Nalton, 


[  ■=■  Chicknha,  in  the  copy. 


f  TnsknrorAhMi  in  the  copy. 


J  Tn  DoTer.  ] 


76' 


iPcnfjalloU)'s  fnbian  WLar'^ 


and  took  seven  besides :  the  remainder  fought  on  a  retr':at  till 
they  got  to  a  rock,  which  tor  some  time  proved  a  good  barrier 
to  them,  and  there  continued  until  they  were  relieved  by  the 
vigilant  care  of  Capt.  Willard.  About  this  time,  fifty  of  our 
English  who  went  up  Merrimack  river  returned,  with  the  good 
account  of  eight  Indians  that  they  had  slain,  and  of  considera- 
ble plunder  besides  which  they  had  taken,  without  the  loss  of 
one  man. 

June  1st,  they  again  came  to  Spruce  Creek,  where  they  shot 
John  Pickernell  as  he  was  locking  his  door,  and  going  to  the 
garrison ;  they  also  wounded  his  wifci  and  knocked  a  child  on 
the  head,  which  they  scal[)cd,  yet  afterwards  it  recovered.  Two 
days  after  they  were  seen  at  Amesbury,  then  at  Kingston,  where 
they  wounded  Ebenezer  Stevens  and  Stephen  Gilman,  the  latter 
of  which  they  took  alive  and  inhumanly  murdered.  After  this, 
they  killed  one  at  Newiehawanick  and  on  July  18th,  fell  on  a 
company  at  Wells,  where  they  slew  another  and  took  a  Negro 
captive,  who  afterwards  made  his  escape.  The  Sabbath  after, 
they  endeavoured  to  intercept  the  people  at  Dover  as  they  came 
from  worship ;  upon  which  a  scout  was  sent  in  pursuit,  but  made 
no  discovery.  Yet  in  the  intermitting  time,  they  took  two  child- 
ren *  from  Lieut.  Heard's  garrison,  and  not  having  time  to  scalp 
them,  cut  off  both  their  heads,  and  carried  them  away.  There 
was  not  a  man  at  that  time  at  home;  however,  one  Esther 
Jones  supplied  the  place  of  several ;  for  she  courageously  ad- 
vanced the  watch  box,  crying  aloud,  'here  they  are,  come  on, 
come  on ; '  which  so  terrified  them  as  to  make  them  draw  off, 
without  doing  any  further  mischief.  The  enemy  at  this  time 
were  thought  to  be  very  numerous,  for  they  appeared  in  many 
parties,  which  occasioned  an  additional  number  to  be  left  to 
cover  the  fronteirs,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Davis,  whose 

[ "  Belonging  to  John  Waldron.    See  1  Belkntif,  284.  ] 


]|en{)alloU)'s  {nliian  SSlats. 


#  77 


vigilant  caro  (through  the  blessing  of  God  on  it)  kept  them  from 
doing  any  further  mischief.  September  1st,  they  killed  John 
Spencer,  and  wounded  Dependunce  Stover.*  At  this  time,  a 
sloop  from  Placentia,  with  forty-five  French  and  Indians,  was 
cruising  on  our  coast,  which  Captain  Carver  observing,  gave  her 
chaae,  and  took  her.  But  our  fishery  at  Cape  Sables,  through 
the  defect  of  the  guard-shi[),  were  great  sutlcrers,  where  no  less 
than  twenty  fell  into  their  hands. 

The  last  action  that  happened  (of  any  moment)  this  war,  was  at 
Mr.  Plaisted's  marriage  with  Capt.  Wheelwright's  daughter  of 
Wells,  where  happened  a  great  concourse  of  people,  who,  as  they 
were  preparing  to  mount  in  order  to  their  return,  found  two  of 
their  horses  missing;   upon  which,  Mr.  Downing,  with  Isaac 
Cole  and  others,  went  out  to  seek  them ;  but  before  they  had 
gone  many  rods,  the  two  former  were  killed,  and  the  others 
taken.     The  noise  of  the  guns  soon  alarmed  the  guests,  and 
Capt.  Lane,  Capt.  Robinson   and  Capt.  Heard,  with  several 
others  mounted  their  horses,  ordering  twelve  soldiers  in  the 
mean  time  to  run  over  the  field,  being  the  nearer  way  ;  but  be- 
fore the  horsemen  got  far,  they  were  ambushed  by  another 
party,  who  killed  Capt.  Robinson,  and  dismounted  the  rest ;  and 
yet  they  all  escaped  except  the  bridegroom,  who  in  a  few  days 
after  was  redeemed  by  the  prudent  care  of  his  father,  at  the  ex- 
pense of  more  than  three  hundred  pounds.     Capt.  Lane  and 
Capt.  Harmon  mustered  what  strength  they  could,  and  held  a 
dispute  with  them  some  time,  but  there  was  little  or  no  execu- 
tion done  on  either  side. 

Not  long  after  this,  we  had  advice  of  a  suspension  of  arms 
between  the  two  crowns,  which  the  Indians  being  apprized  of, 
came  in  with  a  flag  of  truce,  and  desired  a  treaty.  Their  first 
application  was  to  Capt.  Moody  at  Casco,   desiring  that  the 


7* 


[«•  Probably  Storer.] 


78  # 


|3cntanoto's  Intiian  Wiaxs. 


conference  might  be  there;  but  the  governor  not  willing  so  far 
to  condescend,  ordered  it  to  be  at  Portsmouth,  where  they  ac- 
cordingly met  July  11th,  1713,  three  delegates  fi  ":r\  St.  John's, 
three  from  Kennebeck,  including  the  other  settlements  from 
Penacook,  Amasacontee,  Norridgcwoc,  Saco,  and  all  other  adja- 
cent ])laces  ;  where  articles  of  pacification  were  drawn  up,  which 
I  have  hereunto  annexed,  viz. : 

"  Whereas,  for  some  years  last  past,  we  have  made  a  breach 
of  our  fidelity  and  loyalty  to  the  crown  of  Great  Britain,  and 
have  made  open  rebellion  against  her  Majesty's  subjects,  the 
English  inhabiting  the  Massachusetts,  New-Hampshire,  and 
other  her  Majesty's  territories  in  New-England ;  and  being  now 
sensible  of  the  miseries  which  we  and  our  people  are  reduced 
unto  thereby ;  we  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed,  being 
delegates  of  all  the  Indians  belonging  to  Norridgewoc,  Nara- 
hamegock,  Amnsocontce,  Pigwacket,  Penacook,  rivers  of  St. 
John's  and  Merrimack,  parts  of  her  Majesty's  provinces  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay,  and  New-Hampshire,  within  her  Majesty's 
sovereignty,  having  made  application  to  his  Excellency  Joseph 
Dudley,  Es([.,  Captain  General  and  Governor  in  Chief  in  and 
over  the  "aid  provinces,  that  the  troubles  which  we  have  unhap- 
pily raised  or  occasioned  against  her  Majesty's  subjects  the  Eng- 
lish and  ourselves  may  cease  and  have  an  end ;  and  that  we 
may  again  enjoy  her  Majesty's  grace  and  favour.  And  each  of 
us  respectively  for  ourselves,  and  in  the  names  and  with  the  free 
consent  of  all  the  Indians  belonging  to  the  several  places  and 
rivers  aforesaid,  and  all  other  Indians  within  the  said  provinces 
of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  New-Hampshire,  hereby  ac- 
knowledging ourselves  the  lawful  subjects  of  our  sovereign  lady 
Queen  Anne,  and  promising  our  hearty  submission  and  obe- 
dience to  the  Crov/n  of  Great  Britain,  do  solemnly  covenant, 
promise  and  agree  with  the  said  Joseph  Dudley,  Governor,  and 


^pen^allob's  Inbian  Mars* 


79 


all  such  as  shall  be  hereafter  in  the  place  of  Captain  General 
and  Governor  in  Chief  of  the  said  ])rovinces  and  territories  on 
her  Majesty's  behalf,  in  form  following ;  that  is  to  say,  that  at 
all  times  forever,  from  and  after  the  date  of  these  presents,  wo 
will  cease  and  forbear  all  acts  of  hostility  towards  all  the  sub- 
jects of  Great  Britain,  and  not  offer  the  least  hurt  or  violence  to 
them  or  any  of  them  in  their  persons  and  estates ;  but  will  hence- 
forth hold  and  maintain  a  firm  and  constant  amity  and  friend- 
ship with  all  the  English,  and  will  never  entertain  any  treasona- 
ble conspiracy  with  any  other  nation  to  their  distnrbance  :  that 
her  Majesty's  subjects  the  English  shall,  and  may  quietly  and 
peaceably  enter  upon,  improve  and  forever  enjoy  all  and  singu- 
lar the  rights  of  land  and  former  settlements,  properties  and 
possessions  within  the  eastern  parts  of  said  provinces  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay  and  JSTew-Hampshire,  together  with  the 
islands,  inlets,  shores,  beaches,  and  fishery  within  the  same, 
without  any  molestation  or  claim  by  us  or  any  other  Indians ; 
and  be  in  no  wise  molested  or  disturbed  therein ;  saving  unto  the 
Indians  their  own  ground,  and  free  liberty  of  hunting,  fishing, 
fowling,  and  all  other  lawful  liberties  and  privileges,  as  on  the  ele- 
venth day  of  August,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand  six 
hundred  and  ninety-three :  that  for  mutual  safety  and  benefit, 
all  trade  and  commerce  which  hereafter  may  be  allowed  betwixt 
the  English  and  the  Indians,  shall  be  only  in  such  places,  and 
under  such  management  and  regulation,  as  shall  bo  stated  by 
her  Majesty's  government  of  the  said  provinces  respectively. 

"And  to  prevent  mischiefs  and  inconveniencies,  the  Indians 
shall  not  be  allowed  for  the  present,  or  until  they  have  liberty 
from  the  respective  governments,  to  come  near  unto  any  Eng- 
lish plantations  or  settlements  on  this  side  of  Saco  River. 

"  That  if  any  controversy  or  difference  hap[)en  hereafter,  to 
and  betwixt  any  of  the  English  and  the  Indians  for  any  real  or 


80 


llcntalloto's  Intiian  fflffitars. 


supposed  wrong  or  injury  done  on  the  one  side  or  the  other,  no 
private  revenge  shall  be  taken  by  the  Indians  for  the  same,  but 
proper  application  shall  be  made  to  her  Majesty's  governments 
upon  the  place  for  remedy  thereof  in  due  course  of  justice ;  we 
hereby  submitting  ourselves  to  be  ruled  and  governed  by  her 
Majesty's  laws,  and  desire  to  have  the  protection  and  benefit  of 
the  same. 

"  We  confess  that  we  have,  contrary  to  all  faith  and  justice, 
broken  our  articles  with  Sir  William  Phips,  Governor  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  God  1693,  and  with  the  Earl  of  Bellamont  in 
the  year  1699. 

"  And  the  assurance  wa  gave  to  his  excellency  Joseph  Dudley, 
Esq.  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  God,  1702,  in  the  month  of  Au- 
gust, and  1703,  in  the  month  of  July,  notwithstanding  we  have 
been  well  treated  by  the  said  governors.  But  we  resolve  for 
the  future,  not  to  be  drawn  into  any  perfidious  treaty  or  cor- 
respondence, to  the  hurt  of  any  of  her  Majesty's  subjects  of  the 
crown  of  Great  Britain ;  and  if  we  know  any  such,  we  will  sea- 
sonably reveal  it  to  the  English. 

"Wherefore,  we  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed,  dele- 
gates for  the  several  tribes  of  Indians  belonging  to  the  river 
of  Kennebeck,  Ameriscoggin,  St.  John's,  Saco,  Merrimack,  and 
the  parts  adjacent,  being  sensible  of  our  great  offence  and  folly 
in  not  complying  with  the  aforesaid  submission  and  agreements, 
and  also  the  sufferings  and  mischiefs  that  we  have  thereby  ex- 
posed ourselves  unto,  do  in  all  humble  and  submissi^'^e  manner, 
cast  ourselves  upon  her  Majesty  for  mercy  and  pardon  for  all 
our  past  rebellions,  hostilities,  and  violations  of  our  promises ; 
praying  to  be  received  unto  her  Majesty's  grace  and  favor. 

"  And  for  and  on  behalf  of  ourselves,  and  all  other  the  Indi- 
ans belonging  to  the  several  rivers  and  places  aforesaid,  within 
the  sovereignty  of  her  Majesty  of  Great  Britain,  do  again 


iPenftalloto's  fntrian  Wiaxs. 


81 


acknowledge,  and  confess  our  hearty  and  sincere  obedience  unto 
the  Crown  of  Great  Britain,  and  do  solemnly  renew,  and  confirm 
all  and  every  of  the  articles  and  agreements  contained  in  the 
former  and  present  submission. 

"  This  treaty  to  be  humbly  laid  liefore  her  Majesty  for  her 
ratification  and  further  order.  In  witness  whereof,  we  the  dele- 
gates aforesaid,  by  name  Kizebenuit,  Iteansis,  and  Jackoid  for 
Penobscot,  Josej)h  and  yEneas  for  St.  Johns,  Warrueensit,  Wada- 
canaquin,  and  Bomazeen  for  Kennebeck,  have  hereunto  set  our 
hands  and  seals  this  13th  day  of  July,  1713. 
Signed,  Sealed  and  delivered 
in  the  presence  of  us, 


Edmund  Qiiinci/, 
Spencer  Phips, 
Wm.  Dud  let/, 
Shad.  Walton, 
Josiah   Willard, 
ike. 

Signum 
Signum 

9^ 

Kirebenuit 
Warraeensitt 

Signum 

f^ 

Bomaseen 

Signum 
Signum 
Signum 

^ 
^ 

■& 

Wadacanaquin 

JEneas 
Iteansis 

Signum 

'O 

Jackoid 

Signum 

e^ 

Joseph." 

82 


iPentalloto's  Indian  aSEars. 


Province  of  New-Hampshire. 

The  submission  and  pacification  of  the  eastern  Indians,  was 
made  and  done  the  thirteenth  day  of  July,  1713,  Annoque 
Regni  Regina?  nunc  Magnre  Brittania3  duodecimo. 

Present,  his  Excellency  Joseph  Dudley,  Esq.,  Captain  General 
and  Governor  in  Chief,  in  and  over  her  Majesty's  provinces  of 
the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  New-Hampshire  in  New-England, 
and  Vice- Admiral  of  the  same. 

Counsellors  of  the  Massachusetts. 

Samuel  Sewall,  Jonathan  Corwin,  Penn  Townsend,  John  Ap- 
pleton,  John  Higginson,  Andrew  Belcher,  Thomas  Noyes, 
Samuel  Appleton,  Ichabod  Plaisted,  John  Wheelwright,  and 
Benjamin  Lynde,  Esquires. 

Counsellors  of  Neiu- Hampshire. 

William  Vaughan,  Peter  Coffin,  Robert  Elliot,  Richard  Wal- 
dron,  Nathaniel  Weare,  Samuel  Penhallow,  John  Plaisted,  Mark 
Hunking  and  John  Wentworth,  Esquires. 

For  a  further  ratification  of  this  tre?>'y,  several  gentlemen 
of  both  governments  went  from  Portsmouth  to  Casco,  where  a 
great  body  of  Indians  were  assembled,  to  know  the  result  of 
matters  :  it  being  a  custom  among  them  on  all  such  occasions, 
to  have  the  whole  of  their  tribes  present ;  having  no  other  re- 
cord of  conveying  to  posterity,  but  what  they  communicate  from 
father  to  son,  and  so  to  the  son's  son.  When  the  several  arti- 
cles were  read  and  explained,  by  interpreters  upon  oath,  (the 
delegates  being  present)  they  signified  an  unanimous  consent 
and  satisfaction,  by  loud  huzzas  and  acclamations  of  joy.  Many 
presents  were  then  made  them,  which  were  thankfully  received, 
and  every  tribe  had  their  proportion  given  out ;  but  they  were 
so  disorderly,  that  Mauxis  (although  he  was  the  Sagamore  in 


i3enf)allob's  hitian  WLaxs, 


83 


all  the  eastern  parts)  was  robbed  by  the  morning  of  all  he  had  ; 
upon  which  he  made  a  miserable  complaint  unto  the  English 
next  day,  of  the  unruliness  of  his  young  men,  who  had  stolen 
away  all  he  had,  therefore,  begged  a  new  supply.  But  although 
their  government  is  so  anarchical,  and  their  chiefs  have  so  little 
respect  and  honour  sheAvn  them,  yet  in  their  council  they  ob- 
serve a  very  excellent  decorum ;  not  suffering  any  to  speak  but 
one  at  a  time,  which  is  delivered  with  such  a  remarkable  pathos 
and  surprising  gravity,  that  there  is  neither  smile  nor  whisper 
to  be  observed,  until  he  that  speaks  has  finished  his  discourse, 
who  then  sits  down,  and  after  that  another  rises  up. 

The  peace  thus  concluded  and  so  firmly  ratified,  gave  matter 
of  encouragement  to  the  eastern  inhabitants  for  re-settling  their 
former  habitations ;  who  were  also  countenanced  and  assisted 
by  the  government,  even  from  Cape  Porpoise  to  Kennebeck 
river,  where  several  gentlemen  who  had  large  tracts  of  land, 
granted  a  hundred  acres  to  every  one  for  encouragement  that 
would  go  and  settle ;  supporting  a  minister  besides  (for  some 
time)  and  employed  a  sloop  at  their  own  charge  for  carrying  and 
re-carrying  the  inhabitants  with  their  stock ;  which  gave  so  great 
encouragement  that  several  towns  began  to  be  settled,  as  Bruns- 
wick,^' Topsham,  Augusta,  Georgetown,  &c.,  in  which  a  great 
many  fine  buildings  were  erected,  with  several  saw-mills,  &c. 

A  fishery  was  also  undertaken  by  the  ingenious  Doctor  Noyes, 
where  twenty  vessels  were  employed  at  a  time.  He  aftejwavds 
built  a  stone  garrison  at  Augusta  at  his  own  charge,  which  was 
judged  to  be  the  best  in  the  eastern  country ;  aiid  for  a  while 
was  kept  at  the  public  cost,  but  afterwards  slight.  . ;  which  oc- 
casioned the  inhabitants  to  withdraw,  and  then  the  Indians 
burnt  it  with  several  other  houses. 

[  •  BromBwick,  in  the  copy.  This  town  wm  settled  as  early  as  1675,  by  a  Mr.  Purchase,  who  lived  near  the 
head  of  Steven's  rivet  and  traded  vith  the  IndiaDS,  of  whom  he  obtained  grants  of  land  ;  bat  the  first  settlements 
here  were  broken  up  in  1676. — Mlivan  177. 


84 


i3enftalloU)'s  Intiian  Mars. 


In  Kennebeck  river,  the  Sturgeon  fishery  was  also  begun  and 
carried  on  with  so  great  success,  that  many  thousand  kegs  were 
made  in  a  season,  and  esteemed  as  good  as  any  that  ever  came 
from  Hambrough  or  Norway :  besides  vast  quantities  of  pipe 
staves,  hogshead  and  barrel,  pine  boards,  plank,  and  timber  of 
all  sorts,  which  were  not  only  transported  to  Boston,  but  to 
foreign  places.  Husbandry  also  began  to  thrive,  and  great 
stocks  of  cattle  were  raised. 

The  French  missionaries  perceiving  the  growth  of  these 
plyntations,  soon  animated  the  Indians  to  disrest  them,  by  in- 
sinuating that  the  land  was  theirs,  and  that  the  English  invaded 
\  Adir  properties ;  which  was  a  vile  and  wrong  suggestion,  for 
that  their  couAcyances  were  from  the  ancient  Sagamores,  it 
^  ast  seventy  years  before ;  and  the  proprietors  did  not  settle  so 
hi^k  up  by  several  miles  as  ^vas  formerly  possessed  by  their 
predecessors. 

However  the  Indians  could  not  be  satisfied,  but  so  threatened 
the  inhabitants,  that  many  withdrew,  and  others  were  discour- 
aged from  going  to  settle.  Soon  after,  they  killed  many  of  their 
cattle,  and  committed  manv  other  outrajres. 

No  sooner  was  this  advice  brought  unto  his  Excellency, 
Samuel  Shute,  Esq.,  who  was  now  Captain  General  and  Gover- 
nor in  Chief,  in  and  over  the  provinces  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  New-Hampshire,  &c.,  (and  one  zealously  affected  for  the  in- 
terest of  tne  country)  but  he  appointed  a  Congress  at  Arrowsick, 
in  Kenuebeck  river,  in  August,  1717,  where  a  great  number  of 
Indians,  with  the  cl  iefs  jf  every  tribe  accordingly  met.  And 
some  of  the  principal  gentlemen  of  both  provinces  accompanied 
his  Excellency  to  the  place  appointed.  The  complaints  on  each 
side  being  impartially  heard  and  debated,  the  original  deeds 
from  the  ancient  Sagamores  were  produced  and  explained,  hav- 
ing interpreters  on  oath.    The  articles  drawn  up  and  signed  in 


\f[ 


^^- 


?3nxijalloU)'i3  fntrian  Mavs* 


85 


the  year  1713,  were  again  rc.\  1  and  ratified,  to  the  seeming  sat- 
isfaction of  the  in'inc'ii);il  Sachems,  who  inclined  to  peace ;  and 
imputed  the  hite  miscarriages  unto  the  young  men,  but  were 
now  resolved  on  a  tirm  harmony,  and  would  in  no  respect  vio- 
late the  former  treaties.  Upon  this,  his  Excellency  made  them 
several  presents,  which  they  thankfully  received,  and  in  ac- 
knowledgment thereof,  returned  him  a  1)elt  of  wampum,  with 
some  beaver  skins.  After  this,  they  drank  the  King's  health, 
and  promised  allegiance  to  tlie  Crown  of  Great  Britain,  so  that 
every  thing  had  now  the  promising  aspect  of  a  lasting  peace. 
One  thing  I  cannot  here  omit:  three  days  after  our  dej)arture, 
a  number  of  Indians  went  a  Duck-hunting,  which  was  a  season 
of  the  year  that  the  old  ones  generally  shed  their  feathers  in,  and 
the  young  ones  are  not  so  well  flushed  as  to  be  able  to  fly ;  they 
drov^e  them  like  a  flock  of  sheep  before  them  into  the  creeks, 
where  without  either  powder  or  shot  they  killed  at  one  time, 
four  thousand  and  six  hundred  ;  for  they  followed  them  so  close, 
that  they  kncx'ked  them  down  with  billets  and  paddles,  and  sold 
a  great  number  of  them  to  the  English  for  a  penny  a  dozen, 
which  is  their  practice  yearly,  though  they  seldom  make  so 
great  a  slaughter  at  once.  But  before  two  years  were  expired, 
they  again  began  to  insult  the  inhabitants,  being  spurred  on  by 
the  Jesuits,  Avhich  occasioned  a  scout  of  lifty  or  sixty  men  to  be 
sent  out,  who  kept  them  in  some  awe.  But  in  the  year  1720, 
they  began  to  be  more  insolent,  and  appeared  in  greater  bodies ; 
upon  which,  Colonel  Walton  was  ordered  with  about  two 
hundred  men  to  guard  the  frontiers,  and  was  after  that  ap- 
pointed with  Capt.  Moody,  Harmon,  Penhallow,  and  Wain- 
wright,  to  send  their  Chiefs  for  satisfaction  for  the  late  hostili- 
ties which  they  had  done  in  killing  the  cattle,  &c.  The  Indians, 
fearing  the  event,  promised  to  pay  two  hundred  skins,  and  for 
their  fidelity  to  deliver  up  four  of  their  young  men  as  hostages. 


86 


ilrryalloto's  hxtian  WiaxB. 


After  this,  they  became  tolerably  quiet,  but  in  the  spring  grew 
as  insolent  as  before ;  especially  in  Kennebeck,  where,  some  time 
in  July,  they  came  with  ninety  canoes  on  the  Padishal's  island, 
which  lies  opposite  to  Arrowsick,  and  sent  to  speak  with  Capt. 
Penhallow,  who  fearing  an  intrigue,  refused.  Upon  which,  one 
hundred  and  liftv  of  them  went  over  to  him,  with  whom  he  held 
a  conference ;  es])ecially  with  Monsieur  Delachase,*  and  Sebas- 
tian Halle,  who  were  Jesuits ;  Monsieur  Crozen  from  Canada, 
and  St.  Casteenf  from  Penobscot,  came  also  along  with  them, 
who  brought  a  letter  for  governor  Sliute,  in  behalf  of  the  several 
tribes,  importing,  that  if  the  English  did  not  remove  and  quit 
their  land  in  three  weeks,  they  would  burn  their  houses  and  kill 
them,  as  also  their  cattle.  Upon  this,  an  additional  number  of 
soldiers  were  sent  under  the  command  of  Col.  Thaxter  and 
Lieut.  Col.  Goft'e ;  and  several  gentlemen  of  the  council  were 
also  api)ointed  to  inquire  into  the  ground  of  these  tumults, 
and,  if  possible,  to  renew  the  pacification  ;  who  accordingly  went 
and  sent  scouts  to  call  the  Indians  in,  but  they  slighted  the  mes- 
sage with  derison.  Hereupon,  the  soldiers  were  ordered  to  con- 
tinue, and  reinforce  the  garrisons  that  winter.  But  in  the  sum- 
mer, they  renewed  their  insults,  and  on  the  13th  of  June,  1722, 
about  sixty  of  them,  in  twenty  canoes,  came  and  took  nine  fami- 
lies in  Merrymeeting  Bay,  most  of  which  they  afterwards  set  at 

[  <■  Probably  Father  Do  La  Chasso,  aftorwards  Superior  General  of  the  inii^sions  to  Now  Frauce. — Vol.  1  N. 
H.  Hut.  Sob.  col.] 

[t  Baron  Do  St.  Castine,  a  very  extraordinary  character.  According  to  Voltalro,  and  tlie  Abbe  Raynal,  he 
had  been  Colonel  of  the  regiment  of  Coriagon,  in  France.  Ho  was  a  man  of  family  and  fortune:  became  to 
America  in  1G70,  and  settled  among  the  I'enoUsrot  Indians,  married  a  daughter  of  the  Chief,  and  bad  soveral  other 
wives.  By  the  treaty  of  liredn,  the  territory  beyond  the  Penobscot  was  ceded  to  France,  and  Castine  lived  within 
that  country.  Some  difficulty  arose  about  a  cargo  of  Wine,  which  was  landed  in  the  country,  and  a  new  line  was 
ran  by  the  English,  by  which  the  place  of  landing,  together  with  Castine's  lands,  was  taken  within  the  English 
Claim.  Andross,  in  bin  expedition  before  named,  plundered  Castine's  house  of  everything  valuable,  in  his  absence. 
This  base  act  so  exasperateil  him,  that  he  used  bis  exertions  to  inflame  the  Indians  against  the  English,  which  he 
eflectually  <iid,  and  their  chief  supplies  of  arms  and  ammunition  wero  furnished  by  him.  He  had  an  estate  in 
France,  to  which  he  retired  when  the  French  lost  their  possessions  in  that  part  of  the  country.  See  SnUi'ran'f 
Hitl.  ofSfaint.pp.  93,  1,58,  220.— VoJ.  1  Hiat.  of  N.  Unmpthire,  pji.  195,  190. 

If  we  name  this  war  from  those  that  (occasioned  it,  we  may  call  it  Castine's  war ;  but  thu  French,  perhaps, 
would  call  it  Andrv'<s'  war.— Drai«'r  French  aiul  Inxlian  Wan,  p.  164.] 


l|)cnt)allo\D's  jrntiian  (LilEars. 


87 


liberty,  but  sent  Mr.  llnmiltoii,  L(»v(»,  llnndson,  Troscot  and 
Edgar  to  Canada;  who,  witli  ,o;roat  difliculty  and  oxpon.so,  after- 
wards got  clear.  They  tlien  made  a  descent  on  St.  (j}e()r«»:es,  where 
they  burnt  a  sloop,  took  several  i)risoners,  and  tought  tlie  o:arri- 
son  some  time;  and  in  a  montli  after,  came  a  i^nvater  body  from 
Penobscot,  who  killed  live,  and  en.t>-ao;t>(l  the  fort  twelve  days  ; 
being  very  much  eneouraued  by  the  iniluence  of  the  Friar  that 
was  with  them.  ]}ut  lindin<>-  they  could  make  no  ^reat  impres- 
sion, endeavoured  to  undermine  it,  and  had  made  a  considcral)le 
progress  therein,  till  upon  the  falling  of  much  rain,  the  trenches 
caved  in,  which  caused  the  siege  to  Ijreak  up,  with  the  loss  of 
twenty  of  them  in  the  engag(Miient,  as  we  were  afterwards  in- 
formed. About  the  same  time,  Capt.  Samuel  with  five  others 
boarded  Lieut.  Tilton,  as  he  lay  at  anchor  a  fishing,  near  Da- 
maris  Cove.  They  [)inioned  him  and  his  brother,  and  beat  them 
very  sorely  :  but  at  last,  one  got  clear  and  released  the  other, 
who  then  fell  with  great  fury  U]»on  the  Indians,  threw  one  over- 
board, and  mortally  wounded  two  more. 

Capt.  Savage,  (7a])t  l?lin,  and  Mr.  Ncnvton,  who  at  this  time 
were  coming  from  Annapolis,  and  knew  nothing  of  their  ravages, 
went  into  Passamaquoddv  for  water.  Thev  were  no  sooner 
ashore,  but  found  themselves  henmied  in  by  a  body  of  Indians, 
the  French  basely  standing  by  and  suffering  it.  They  wanted 
to  divide  the  cargo  of  the  sloop  among  them,  and  at  last  sent 
Capt.  Savage  on  board  to  jirocure  some  ransom.  But  the  wind 
rising,  he  was  forced  oif,  and  made  the  best  of  his  way  to  ]5os- 
ton.  Those  that  he  left  (after  some  difficnilty  and  expense)  were 
released. 

Capt.  Harmon,  w^ho  w\as  noAv  in  Kennebeck,  went  up  the  river 
with  a  detachment  of  thirty-four  men,  and  seeing  some  fires, 
went  ashore  in  the  night,  whore  he  came  (m  eleven  canoes.  The 
Indians  were  lying  round  the  fire,  and  so  wearied,  by  much 


^ 


88 


^mftallob's  Jiiliian  J!8lavg(. 


dancing  tho  day  before,  upon  the  .success  they  had,  that  they 
stumbled  over  them  as  they  lay  asle(»p.  Reports  were  various 
as  to  tho  number  of  Indians  that  were  then  .sinin ;  some  say 
eighteen,  others  not  so  many  :  however,  they  brought  away  fif- 
teen guns;  ind  at  a  little  distance,  found  the  hand  of  an  Eng- 
lishman laid  on  the  stuni])  of  a  tree,  and  his  body  mangled  after 
a  barbarous  manner  ;  having  his  tongue,  nose,  and  private  parts 
cut  oft".  They  brought  away  the  body,  and  gave  it  a  decent  bu- 
rial. It  was  found  to  be  the  body  of  Moses  Eaton,  of  Sa- 
lisbury. 

In  this  brave  attemi)t  of  Capt.  Harmon,  which  \vas  effected 
in  ten  minutes,  we  lost  not  one  man ;  yet  at  the  same  time  a 
great  body  of  Indians  lay  near,  who  being  startled  at  the  noise 
that  was  made,  arose  and  fired  several  guns,  but  did  no  damage.* 

The  country  at  this  time  was  in  a  surprizing  ferment,  and 
generally  disposed  to  a  war ;  but  the  governor  and  council  could 
not  readily  come  into  it,  considering  the  vast  ex})ense  and  effu- 
sion of  blood  that  would  unavoidably  follow.  Besides,  some 
wore  not  satisfied  with  the  lawfulness  of  it  at  this  time  :  for  al- 
though they  believed  the  Indians  to  be  very  criminal  in  many 
respects,  yet  were  of  opinion  that  the  English  had  not  so  punctu- 
ally observed  tho  pro.iiises  made  to  them  of  trading-houses  for 
the  benefit  of  commerce  and  trafiick,  and  for  the  preventing  of 
frauds  and  extortions,  too  common  in  the  private  dealings  of  the 
English  with  them.     But  the  grand  abuse  to  them  is  the  selling 


[  ♦  About  tho  year  1720,  Capt.  Thomas  Bukor  of  >'orthampton,  In  the  county  of  Hampshire,  in  Massachusetts, 
sat  oft' with  a  scouting  party  of  thirty. four  men,  piwspd  up  Connecticut  river,  and  crossed  the  height  of  land  to 
Pemigewassot  river.  He  there  discovered  a  party  of  Indians,  whose  Sachom  was  called  WalternummuH,  whom  he 
attac)<ed  and  destroyed,  Balcer  and  the  Sachem  levpllod  and  discharged  th^ir  guns  at  each  other  at  the  same 
instant.  Th«  ball  from  the  Indian's  gun  grazed  Baiter's  left  eyebrow,  but  did  him  no  injnry.  The  ball  from 
Baiter's  gun  went  through  the  breajt  of  the  Sachem.  Immediately  upon  being  wounded,  he  leaped  four  or  flve 
feet  high,  and  then  fell  instantly  dead.  The  Indians  fled  to  the  riyer  ;  Baker  and  his  party  pursued,  and  destroyed 
every  one  of  thom.  They  had  a  wigwam  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  which  was  nearly  filled  with  beaver.  Baker's 
party  took  as  much  of  it  as  they  could  curry  away,  und  burned  the  rest.  Baker  lost  none  of  his  men  in  this 
skirmish.  It  took  place  at  the  confluonce  of  a  small  river  with  the  Pemigewasset,  between  Flymoath  and 
Campton,  which  has  since  had  the  name  of  Baker's  river.— Fon<»«r't  <t  Moore  t  OoUectio>u,  Yol  III,  p.  100, 


ll)cuf)allob3's  {utiiau  UXax^, 


89 


of  stronij^  drink  to  tlicin,  wliicli  has  occasioned  nuu-li  (|unrrel 
liiis;"  and  .sin,  jind  tlio  lo.s.s  (»f  ni.iny  lives,  to  the  oreat  scandal  of 
Teli«^i(>n  a)id  reproach  of  the  couiiti'v.  His  excellency  was  sensi- 
ble of  the  ])roniises  that  he  made  to  them  at  the  ti'eaty  of  jiacili- 
cation,  which  he  failed  not  to  lay  before  the  u'eneral  assend)ly; 
but  he  met  with  so  much  opixtsition  that  nothinu:  could  he  ef- 
fected. The  lindinu'  an  Arnnturer  al  the  i»ublic  cliar^'e,  was 
also  enuaiied,  hut  nothini;-  was  done  therein  ;  so  that  the  Indians 
Were  full  of  resentments,  and  tlion^lit  themselves  wronge<l.  Yet 
all  this-  ''mc,  they  made  no  application  unto  the  government  for 
redrew,  which  they  ought  to  have  done  by  the  articles  of  agree- 
ment, but  broke  forth  into  h<UM'id  and  (;ruel  outrages,  by  burn- 
ing, killing,  and  destroying.  At  last  tlie  (iovernor,  by  repeated 
addresses  from  the  people,  was  obliged  to  call  the  Couiudl  to- 
gether to  concert  what  was  ])ro[)er  to  be  done,  who  aih  ised  to 
the  ])roclaiming  an  o[)en  war.  ]]ut  their  not  consulting  before- 
hand with  the  other  governments,  was  certainly  a  great  over- 
sight ;  who  i)robably  Avould  have  come  into  it,  and  thereby  have 
helped  to  support  the  charge,  which  now  lay  wholly  on  the  Mas- 
sachusetts and  New-Hampshire. 

Proclamation. 

"Whorens  the  Indians  inlmliitinj^  the  eastern  parts  of  this  province,  notwithstanding 
their  repented  i-iilinussions  to  his  ^Majesty's  crown  and  frovernment,  their  piiMick  and  solemn 
treaties  and  <'nirai!;ements  entered  into  with  tlie  f^overnnient  here  established,  to  demean 
themselves  peaceably  and  amicably  towards  his  Majesty's  good  subjects  of  this  province; 
and  notwithstaiidinj;  the  kind  and  jujood  trcutnieiit  they  have  received  from  the  government, 
have  for  some  years  last  past  appeared  in  considerable  numbers  in  an  hostile  manner,  and 
given  disturbance  to  his  Majesty's  subjects  in  the  eastern  parts  of  this  province,  killing  their 
cattle  and  threatening  destruction  to  their  jtersons  and  estates;  and  in  abuse  of  the  lenity 
and  forbearance  of  the  government,  have  lately  with  the  utmost  injustice  and  treachery  pro- 
ceeded to  plunder,  despoil,  and  take  captive  many  of  his  Majesty's  good  subjects,  to  assault, 
take,  burn,  and  destroy  vessels  upon  the  seacoasts,  and  houses  and  mills  upon  the  land;  to 
wound  some,  and  in  a  most  barbarous  and  cnicl  manner  to  murder  others,  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  this  province;  and  in  a  way  of  ojien  reliellion  and  hostility,  to  make  an  audacious 
and  furious  assault  upon  one  of  his  Majesty's  forts  when  tho  King's  colors  were  flying. 
8* 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


^   %i^    12.0 

■it 


2.5 
2.2 


i 


11.25  nil  1.4 


III 


1.6 


-► 


Hiotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


'^^ 


V 


iV 


\ 


\ 


>. 


>▼.  <*.>. 


\ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MS«0 

(716)  873-4503 


90 


'^ 


I' 


Ilill^F^: 


^leuftallotD's  Intrian  Mars, 


"  I  do  therefore,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  his  Majesty's  council,  hereby  declare  and 
proclaim  the  said  eastern  Indians,  with  their  confederates,  to  be  robbers,  traitors,  and  ene- 
mies to  his  Majesty  King  George,  his  crown  and  dignity,  and  that  they  be  henceforth  pro- 
ceeded against  as  such ;  willing  and  requiring  all  his  Majesty's  good  subjects,  as  they  shall 
have  opportunity,  to  do  and  execute  all  acts  of  hostility  against  them ;  hereby  also  for- 
bidding all  his  Majesty's  good  subjects  to  held  any  correspondence  with  the  said  Indians,  or 
to  give,  aid,  comfort,  succor  or  relief  unto  them,  on  penalty  of  the  laws  in  that  case  made 
and  provided.  And  whereas  there  be  some  of  said  Indians  who  have  not  been  concerned 
in  the  perfidious  and  barbarous  acts  before-mentioned,  and  many  may  be  desirous  to  put 
themselves  under  the  protection  of  this  government  : 

"  To  the  intent,  therefore,  that  the  utmost  clemency  may  be  shewn  to  such,  I  do  hereby 
grant  and  allow  them  to  come  in  and  render  themselves  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
forces,  or  to  the  respective  officer  of  any  party  or  parties  in  the  service ;  provided  it  may 
be  within  forty  days  from  this  time.  And  to  the  intent  that  none  of  our  friend  Indian" 
may  be  exposed,  or  any  rebels  or  enemy  Indians  may  escape  on  pretence  of  being  friends ; 
I  do  hereby  strictlj'  forbid  any  of  the  said  Indians  to  move  out  of  their  respective  planta- 
tions, or  such  other  places  whereto  they  shall  be  assigned,  or  to  come  into  any  English  town 
or  district,  within  the  colony  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  or  the  county  of  York,  without  be- 
ing attended  with  such  men  as  I  shall  appoint  to  oversee  them,  at  their  peril,  and  as  they 
tender  their  own  safety.  And  further,  I  forbid  all  the  friend  Indians  to  hold  communion 
with,  harbour  or  conceal  any  of  the  said  rebels,  or  enemy  Indians  ;  requiring  them  to  seize 
and  secure  all  such  that  may  come  among  them,  and  to  delivor  them  up  to  justice. 

"And  all  military  commission-officers  are  hereby  authorized  and  commanded  to  put 
this  declaration  and  order  into  execution. 

GUven  at  the  Council  Chnmher  in  Boston  the  twenty-jijth  of  July^  1722. 

SAMUEL  SHUTE. 

Josiah  Willard,  Secri 

God  save  the  King." 


The  abovesaid  declaration  (for  substance)  was  also  given  out 
the  week  after,  at  the  council  chamber  at  Portsmouth,  in  the 
province  of  New-Hampshire. 

Now,  although  the  settlements  in  Kennebeck  were  the  first 
that  were  molested,  yet  it  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  the  bent 
of  the  enemies  fury  was  on  them  alone,  as  some  would  insinu- 
ate ;  for  at  the  same  time  they  interrupted  the  fishery  through- 
out all  Nova-Scotia.  Many  have  reflected  on  the  government 
for  suffering  a  fort  to  be  at  St.  Georges,  as  if  that  did  irritate 
the  Indians  ;  but  why  the  proprietors  might  not  make  an  im- 
provement thereof,  as  well  as  any  others  on  their  right  of  pur- 


iPenftalloto's  Inbian  WiaxB. 


91 


chase,  I  know  not ;  considering  that  it  was  granted  from  the 
crown,  and  no  exemption  made  at  the  treaty  of  peace.  Yet  at 
the  same  time  I  must  be  free  to  say,  that  there  was  too  great 
indulgence  at  first  in  the  government  in  suffering  so  many  town- 
ships at  so  great  a  distance  to  be  hxid  out  at  once,  unless  they 
were  more  peopled ;  which  has  since  been  the  occasion  not  only 
of  a  vast  expense,  but  a  great  effusion  of  blood. 

The  number  of  vessels  were  about  sixteen  which  the  enemy 
took  at  Can  so,  as  they  went  into  the  harbors  for  their  necessity ; 
which  so  soon  as  governor  Phillips  was  apprised  of,  he  sum- 
moned the  several  masters  ashore  with  the  sailors,  and  proposed 
the  fitting  out  of  two  sloops  well  manned,  for  recovering  the  ves- 
sels and  captives,  which  being  approved  of,  he  forthwith  ordered 
the  drums  to  beat  for  volunteers,  and  in  less  than  half  a  day, 
fixed  them  out  with  about  twentv  men  in  each,  under  the  com- 
mand  of  Capt.  Elliot  and  Capt.  Robinson,  who  freely  offered 
their  services ;  but  as  Capt.  Elliot  out-sailed  the  other,  he  got 
first  to  a  harbor  called  Winpague,  where  he  discovered  some 
vessels,  and  bore  directly  down  upon  them,  till  he  came  pretty 
near.  The  Indians  being  flushed  with  success,  and  having 
thirty-nine  on  board  one  of  the  vessels  which  they  had  took,  and 
seeing  no  more  men  on  board  the  English  than  what  was  usual, 
commanded  them  to  strike  for  that  they  were  their  prize.  Unto 
whom  Capt.  Elliot  replied  that  he  was  hastening  to  them  ;  and 
in  an  instant  called  his  men  on  deck,  who  fired  on  them  with  a 
loud  huzza,  and  clapped  them  on  board;  which  was  so  sur- 
prizing a  salutation,  that  they  made  a  most  dreadful  yelling. 
However,  they  resisted  as  well  as  they  could  for  about  half  an 
hour,  in  which  time  Capt.  Elliot  received  three  wounds,  when 
Mr.  Bradstreet,  who  commanded  the  soldiers,  entered  with  hand- 
grenadoes,  most  of  the  Indians  jumped  overboard,  who  were 
shot  in  the  water.    Those  that  ran  down  into  the  hold,  were 


92 


i^i.ifjalloU^'s  iman  WiaxB. 


tore  in  pieces  by  the  shells,  so  that  only  five  escaped,  who  were 
wounded.  One  of  our  men  was  killed,  and  several  hurt,  par- 
ticularly the  cur[)oral  of  the  troops,  who  had  five  swan-shot  in 
his  body.  Capt.  Elliot  being  ill  of  his  wounds,  was  obliged  to 
return,  carrying  with  him  seven  vessels  into  Canso,  which  he 
re-took  with  fifteen  captives,  six  hundred  quintals  of  fish,  and 
two  heads  of  the  chiefs  of  those  Indians  that  were  among  them. 
Upon  this  the  Governor  ordered  the  same  sloop  back  with  a 
fresh  supply  of  men  to  reinforce  Capt.  Robinson,  who  in  a  week 
after  brought  in  two  Indian  scalps,  a  schooner  and  a  sloop,  which 
they  took  at  Mallegash. 

After  that  he  met  with  a  Frenchman  and  an  English  captive, 
who  informed  of  a  body  of  Indians  and  five  vessels  that  lay  at  a 
little  distance,  which  he  immediately  went  in  pursuit  of ;  but 
fearing  the  event,  was  not  willing  at  the  first  to  engage  them, 
but  kept  at  some  distance,  and  then  three  canoes  with  three  In- 
dians in  each,  double  armed,  drew  near,  one  of  which  came  on 
board,  as  the  rest  lay  on  their  paddles,  whom  they  treated 
friendly  in  expectation  of  a  greater  prize.  But  the  Indian  grow- 
ing jealous  attempted  to  escape,  and  presented  his  gun  to  Lieut. 
Johnson's  breast,  which  he  putting  by,  shot  him  dead.  Upon 
this,  they  fired  upon  those  in  the  canoes,  and  killed  three.  The 
enemy  was  so  numerous  ashore,  that  he  thought  it  not  safe  to 
encounter  them ;  however  he  took  one  vessel.  At  this  time  they 
had  twenty  of  our  English  captives,  but  could  not  come  to  a  fair 
capitulation  about  their  redemption.  However,  the  Captain 
warned  them  to  use  them  well,  for  as  we  had  thirty  of  theirs  at 
Annapolis,  twenty  at  Boston,  and  as  many  more  at  Canso,  as 
they  treated  ours,  so  we  would  theirs.  Mr.  Bradstreet  now 
steered  to  the  westward  of  the  harbor,  where  Capt.  Elliot  had 
the  dispute  before-mentioned,  Avhere  he  re-took  three  vessels 
more,  but  could  see  neither  captive  nor  Indians.     The  day  after. 


^euljallobj^s  tntiian  Mlars, 


93 


Capt,  Blin  very  happily  arrived  with  a  flag  of  truce  and  re- 
deemed seven  vessels  and  twenty-four  captives,  who  otherwise 
would  have  been  put  to  death.  From  thence  he  sailed  to  the 
Cape,  and  in  his  returning  back,  took  three  or  four  Indians, 
which  he  carried  to  Boston.  Capt.  Southack  being  informed  of 
a  small  body  that  was  then  at  Astagenash  in  the  gulf  of  St. 
Lawrence,  where  Monsieur  Golden,  the  famous  Friar,  did  reside, 
had  an  intent  to  visit  him ;  but  in  his  passage  through  the  gut, 
was  happily  diverted,  where  meeting  with  two  canoes,  in  which 
were  six  Indians,  he  killed  one,  and  took  the  other  five. 

The  general  assembly  not  finding  the  former  bounty  sufii- 
ciently  encouraging  to  volunteers,  now  passed  an  act  of  one 
hundred  pounds  a  scalp  to  all  such  as  supported  themselves,  and 
whoever  was  subsisted  by  the  publick,  should  have  sixty  pounds 
for  the  like :  that  any  company  or  troop  issuing  forth  upon  an 
alarm,  should  over  and  above  the  establishment  have  thirty 
pounds,  and  an  encouraging  reward  besides,  for  all  prisoners 
that  they  took ;  and  whatever  plunder  might  be  taken  should  be 
shared-among  them.  And  if  any  volunteers  or  detached  soldiers 
should  happen  to  be  wounded  or  maimed  in  the  service,  that 
during  the  continuance  of  such  wound  or  maim,  he  shall  be  al- 
lowed such  a  stipend  or  pension  as  the  general  court  should 
think  fit  to  order. 

September  the  10th,  we  had  a  surprizing  account  from  Arrow- 
sick  of  four  or  five  hundred  Canada  and  Cape  Sable  Indians, 
that  fell  upon  them  early  in  the  morning,  who  probably  would 
have  laid  all  desolate,  had  they  not  been  seasonably  discovered 
by  a  small  guard,  which  Capt.  Penhallow  was  sending  out  for 
assisting  the  neighborhood  to  gather  in  the  corn ;  who  killed  one 
and  wounded  three  more  of  the  company :  the  report  of  which 
guns  did  so  alarm  the  inhabitants,  that  they,  with  most  of  their 
substance,  got  seasonably  into  the  garrison.     Their  first  appear- 


94 


IPmfjalloto's  iutrian  Wars, 


ance  seemed  terrible,  considering  their  number,  with  the  few- 
ness of  those  that  were  to  defend ;  who  fought  the  garrison  some 
time,  and  shot  Samuel  Brooking  through  a  port-hole  ;  after  that 
they  had  killed  fifty  head  of  cattle,  and  burnt  twenty-six  dwel- 
ling-houses. The  same  day,  in  the  evening,  came  Col.  Walton 
and  Capt.  Harmon,  with  about  thirty  men  in  two  whale-boats, 
who,  with  those  of  Capt.  Temple  and  Penhallow's  men,  (that 
could  be  spared  out  of  the  garrisons)  made  about  seventy,  and 
gave  them  battle  some  time  :  but  the  enemy  were  so  numerous, 
that  they  were  like  to  have  hemmed  them  in,  had  they  not 
fought  upon  a  retreat. 

In  the  night,  they  drew  ofp,  without  much  cause  of  triumph, 
and  went  up  the  river,  where  they  attacked  Mr.  Stratton,  as  he 
was  turning  down  in  his  sloop,  whom  thoy  mortally  wounded ; 
and  then  went  to  Richmond,  where  some  time  they  held  a  dis- 
pute with  the  garrison,  and  afterwards  drew  off.  The  last  that 
fell  this  season  w^as  a  man  at  Berwick. 

His  Excellency's  affairs  now  calling  him  to  Great  Britain,  the 
government  of  the  Massachusetts  was  wholly  devolved  on  the 
Honourable  William  Dummer,  Esq.  Lieut.  Governor;  during 
whose  administration,  there  were  as  many  remarkable  turns  of 
divine  providence,  (respecting  the  enemy)  as  have  happened 
since  the  war  commenced ;  whose  prudence  and  good  conduct 
have  made  him  acceptable  unto  all. 

The  first  alteration  that  he  made,  was  in  commissionating 
Col.  Westbrook  as  Chief  in  the  eastern  affairs ;  who,  on  the  10th 
of  February,  marched  to  Penobscot,  and  Capt.  Harmon  at  the 
same  time  up  Amerisjoggin*  river,  but  neither  of  them  had 
any  success,  save  burning  their  chapel  and  some  wigwams. 
Capt.  Sayward,  with  a  company  of  volunteers,  went  as  far  as  the 
White  Hills,  near  one  hundred  miles  into  the  enemies'  country, 
but  met  with  the  like  misfortune. 

[  -'  Arannascoggin,  in  copy.] 


*. 


ii  ■ 

■i 
i 


?3eufjallob3's  inbian  Mars, 


95 


So  soon  as  the  spring  advanced,  they  began  to  appear  as  fu- 
rious as  ever.  At  Scarborough,  they  killed  Thomas  Larabee 
and  his  son :  after  that,  Mrs.  Dearing*  and  two  soldiers,  where 
they  also  took  Mary  Scamond,  John  Hunuel,  and  Robert  Jor- 
dan. Another  party  came  to  Cocheco,  where  they  slew  Tristam 
Head,f  Joseph  Ham,  and  carried  three  children  captive.  From 
thence  they  went  to  Lamprey-Eel  river,  where  they  killed  Aaron 
Rawlins  with  one  of  his  children,  carr^dng  away  his  wife  and 
three  more  with  them.  At  JN'orthHeld,  they  shot  two,{  and 
meeting  with  the  Reverend  Mr.  Willard  of  Rutland,  they  laid 
violent  hands  upon  him;  but  he  being  a  person  of  courage 
agreeable  to  his  strength,  he  slew  one  and  wounded  another, 
till  at  last  they  gave  him  the  fatal  stroke.^  Two  of  Ensign 
Steven's  sons  were  also  killed,  and  two  more  carried  captive. 

Capt.  Watkins,  who  at  this  time  was  engaged  on  a  fishing 
voyage  at  Canso,  was  surprized  by  a  small  body  in  the  night 
while  abed.  The  day  before  he  was  at  church,  and  it  happened 
that  two  ministers,  in  two  different  congregations,  preached  on 
one  and  the  same  subject ;  namely,  preparing  for  sudden  death; 
not  knowing  how  soon  or  in  what  manner  death  would  attack 

[*  Mrs.  Dearing  was  the  wife  of  Roger  Dearing,  who  lived  on  a  farm  since  well  known  by  the  name  of  Notie- 
tttch.  Hutchinson  informs  us  that  the  Indiana  also  took  three  of  his  children  an  they  were  picking  berries,  and 
killed  two  other  persons. — Vol.  1  N.  H.  JXist.  Soc.  col.] 

[t  Tristam  Heard,  says  Dr.  Belkntip.] 

[  X  These  persons  were  killed  ou  the  14th  of  August.] 

[g  Kev.  Joseph  Willard  graduated  at  Yale  College,  1714,  and  was  settled  at  Sunderland,  from  whence  he  re- 
moved to  Rutland,  and  on  the  12th  of  July,  1721,  was  invited  to  settle  in  the  ministry.  The  day  of  his  installation 
was  deferred  on  account  of  the  diacouragemonts  of  the  times,  till  the  fall  of  172:j,  when  he  was  cut  off  by  the  enemy  . 
The  following  account  of  his  death  and  other  Indian  depredations,  is  given  by  Sir.  Whitney,  in  his  Siitory  of 
Worceiler  County. 

As  deacon  Joseph  Stevens  and  four  of  his  sons  wore  making  hay  in  a  meadow,  at  Rutland,  on  the  14th  of  Au- 
guit,  1723,  they  were  surprized  by  five  Indians.  The  father  escaped  in  the  bushes  ;  two  of  the  sons  were  slain, 
and  two,  Phineos  and  Isaac,  were  made  prisoners.  Two  of  the  five  Indians  waylaid  a  Mr.  Davis  and  son,  who 
that  afternoon  were  making  hay  in  a  meadow  not  far  off,  but  weary  of  waiting,  they  were  returning  to  the  others, 
and  met  Mr.  Willard  in  their  way,  who  was  armed.  One  of  the  Indians'  guns  missed  flro,  the  others  did  no  exe- 
cution. Mr.  Willard  returned  the  fire  and  wounded  one  of  them,  it  is  said  mortally  ;  the  other  clo.sed  in  with  Mr, 
Willard  ;  but  he  vould  have  been  more  than  a  match  fur  liiin,  luid  not  the  other  three  come  to  his  assistance  ;  and 
it  was  some  considerable  time  before  they  killed  Mr.  Willard.  Phineas  Stevens,  above  montioned,  was  the  cele- 
brated warrior  in  the  Cape  Breton  war  :  and  Cue  one  who  so  bravely  defended  Ghariestown,  N.  H.,  ou  the  4th  of 
April,  1747,  when  attacked  by  400  French  and  Indians  under  Slons.  Debelino.— T'u?.  1  A'.  //.  HiH  Soe.  col.] 


96 


iPnif)aIloU)'!5  h\t}\an  fflSEars, 


tlicm.  His  lodging  was  on  an  island  at  a  little  distance  from 
the  fort,  and  although  he  was  so  strongly  importuned  by  sev- 
eral of  his  friends  to  stay  with  them  that  night,  as  if  they  had 
a  secret  impulse  of  some  impending  evil ;  yet  all  the  arguments 
they  could  use,  could  no  ways  prevail  or  influence  him.  He  was 
a  gentleman  of  singular  good  temper,  respected  and  lamented 
by  all  that  knew  him.  John  Drew  of  Portsmouth  (a  pretty 
youth)  was  slain  with  him,  at  the  same  time. 

The  delegates  of  the  six  nations  of  Iroquois,  with  the  Mohe- 
gan  and  Scatacook  Indians,  being  disposed  to  come  to  Boston, 
were  kindly  entertained  there.  And  at  a  conference  with  the 
General  Assembly,  signified  a  great  concern  for  the  blood  that 
was  so  often  shed  by  their  kinsmen  and  brethren ;  that  from  the 
original  they  were  friends  to  the  English,  and  as  a  testimony  of 
their  continuing  so,  presented  a  belt  of  wampum ;  which  accord- 
ing to  their  custom,  is  the  renewing  the  covenant.  His  Honor 
the  Lieut.  Governor,  as  an  acknowledgment,  gave  each  of  them 
a  piece  of  plate,  with  figures  engraven  thereon,  as  a  turtle,  a  bear, 
a  hatchet,  a  wolf,  &c.,  which  were  the  escutcheons  of  their  sev- 
eral tribes.  And  the  more  to  oblige  them  to  our  interest,  they 
had  a  promise  made  of  one  hundred  pounds  a  scalp  for  every 
Indian  that  they  killed  or  took ;  which  seemed  so  pleasing  to 
them  that  they  manifested  a  readiness  of  taking  up  the  hatchet 
in  favour  of  the  English,  whenever  any  hostility  was  made 
against  them.  After  this,  they  were  entertained  with  the  cu- 
rious sight  of  a  gun  that  was  made  by  the  ingenious  Mr.  Pirn 
of  Boston ;  which  although  loaded  but  once,  yet  was  discharged 
eleven  times  following  with  bullets,  in  the  space  of  two  minutes ; 
each  of  which  went  through  a  double  door  at  fifty  yards  dis- 
tance. They  were  then  presented  with  an  ox,  which  with  bows 
and  arrows  they  killed  and  dressed  according  to  their  own  cus- 
tom ;  where  thousands  of  spectators  were  present  to  behold  and 


IJcnijallob's  {ntiian  2!?5lars. 


97 


hear  their  barbarous  singing  and  dancing.  But  notwithstanding 
this  free  and  generous  entertainiaent,  with  the  firm  promises  they 
made  of  falling  on  our  enemies,  (whenever  they  made  any  insults 
on  us)  all  proved  of  little  or  no  significancy ;  which  was  ])rincipally 
owing  to  the  powerful  influence  of  the  Dutch,  for  the  sake  of  trade 
and  commerce  with  them,  as  was  observed  on  the  like  occasion.* 

October  the  13th,f  we  had  an  account  from  Northfield,  of  a 
body  of  Indians  that  fell  on  the  town-fort,  where  they  wounded 
two  and  killed  as  many  more.  Soon  after,  they  surprized  Mr. 
Cogshell  and  his  boat's  company  as  they  were  going  ashore  at 
Mount  Desart.J 

December  5th,  about  sixty  laid  siege  to  St.  George's,  garri- 
son, where  they  continued  thirty  days,  and  -were  not  a  little 
flushed  with  the  expectation  of  success ;  for  at  their  first  coming 
they  took  two  soldiers,  who  gave  an  account  of  the  state  of  mat- 
ters :  but  Mr.  Canady,  the  commanding  officer,  being  one  of  un- 
common courage  and  resolution,  stood  his  ground  till  Col.  West- 
brook  arrived,  who  soon  put  them  to  a  rout.  After  this,  some 
came  to  Berwick,  where  they  took  a  soldier  as  he  was  carelessly 
wandering  from  the  garrison. 

The  favourableness  of  the  winter  prevented  our  marching  to 
any  of  their  head  quarters  this  season,  excepting  to  Norridge- 
wock,  where  *  'apt  Moulton  found  a  vile  and  pernicious  letter 
from  the  governor  of  Quebec,  directed  unto  the  Friar,  exhort- 
ing him  to  push  on  the  Indians  with  all  imaginable  zeal  agarnst 
the  English,  whose  advice  he  as  industriously  pursued.^  .. 

[*In  this  ;ear,  [1723]  two  persona,  by  the  namss  of  Smith  and  Bailey,  were  killed  at  Caiie  Porpoise;  th* 
former,  on  Vaughn's  Island ;  the  latter,  at  s  place  near  where  the  old  moeting-houso  stood,  ou  the  sea-shore. — 
BuUivan,  230.] 

[t  October  llth,  says  Hutchinson,  see  p.  275.] 

[  I  Ceaert  it  should  be :  a  very  large  island,  covering  the  area  of  about  180  square  miles,  and  nearly  all  th« 
waters  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy,  or  Frenchman's  Bay.  It  was  named  Monts  Deserts  by  Chauiplain,  in  honour,  per- 
haps, of  De  Monts,  with  whom  he  had  formerly  sailed.  It  was  once  called  Mt.  Mainsell  by  the  English,  which, 
Mr.  Savage  (in  Winthrop,  I,  23)  thinlcs  was  so  called  in  honour  of  Sir  Bobert  Mansell,  named  in  the  great 
Charter. — Drake's  French  and  Indian  Wart,  p.  220.] 

[g  March  23, 1724,  one  Smith,  sergeant  of  the  fort  at  Cape  Porpoise,  was  killed.] 

9 


98 


^3eni)aUoU)'s  tntrian  Mars, 


April  17th,  1724,  they  shot  William  Mitchcl  of  Scarborough, 
as  he  was  ploughing  in  the  field,  and  took  two  of  his  sons,  who 
afterwards  were  released  at  the  taking  of  Norridgewock.*  They 
then  fell  on  a  sloop  at  Kennebunk,  which  belonged  to  Lynn,  and 
killed  the  whole  company.  But  the  greatest  stroke  was  on 
Capt.  Winslow,  who  with  sixteen  men  in  two  whale-boats,  went 
from  St.  George's  to  the  Green  Islands,  where  the  enemy  usu- 
ally frequent  on  the  account  of  fowling.  But  on  their  return, 
they  were  ambuscaded  by  two  or  three  companies  of  them  that 
lay  on  each  side  the  river.  The  first  that  fell  was  sergeant 
Harvey,  who  commanded  the  other  boat ;  for  by  keeping  too 
near  the  shore,  he  gave  the  enemy  the  greater  advantage  :  how- 
ever, he  returned  the  shot  with  as  much  bravery  as  could  be  ex- 
pected, till  overpowered  by  a  multitude,  Capt.  Winslow,f  who 
was  considerably  ahead  and  out  of  danger,  perceiving  the  en- 
gagement, courageously  returned  back  to  their  assistance.  But 
before  he  could  give  them  any  relief,  was  surrounded  with  about 
thirty  canoes,  who  made  a  hideous  yelling ;  but  he  gave  them 
no  answer  but  from  the  muzzles  of  his  guns.  A  smart  engage- 
ment followed,  which  held  till  night:  when  finding  his  thigh 
broken,  and  most  his  men  slain,  was  obliged  to  hasten  ashore ; 
but  there  also  he  found  himself  unhappily  way-laid.  They  fell 
on  him  with  utmost  fury,  yet  his  courage  continued  until  the 
last ;  for  (as  one  of  those  that  escaped  has  since  reported)  he 
rested  himself  on  his  other  knee,  and  killed  an  Indian  before  they 
had  power  to  slay  him.  Thus  died  that  worthy  young  gentleman, 
for  the  cause  of  his  country.  He  was  one  of  liberal  education 
and  good  extract,  being  the  grandson  of  governor  Winslow  of 
Plymouth ;  and  if  he  had  survived,  might  have  been  of  good 

[■"About  the  same  time  Mitchell  was  killed,  John  Felt,  William  Wormwell,  and  Ebenozer  Lewis,  were  killed 
at  a  saw-mill  on  Kennebeck  river. — Vol.  1  N.  H.  Hut.  Soe.  eol.] 
[fJosiah  Winslow  who  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1721.] 


}3cnf)aUolD'i5  hxhiaw  Mars. 


m 


service  in  his  |[?onemtion.  Sylvauus  ^\)c'k,*  a  wortliy  eltler  of 
the  church  at  Oyster  river,  soon  after  tliin,  was  shiin  as  he  was 
on  horseback.  Myles  Thompson  of  ]?iM'wick,  was  the  same  day 
also  killed  by  another  party,  and  his  son  was  carried  captive.f 
A  few  days  after,  they  ap^ain  beset  Capt.  renhallow's  garrison, 
where  they  took  three  as  they  were  drivinf>-  tlnnr  cows  to  pasture, 
and  at  their  drawing  oft'  killed  a  great  many  cattle.  Another 
party  fell  on  Kingston,  where  they  took  Peter  Colcord,  Ephraim 
Severns,  and  two  of  Mr.  Stevens'  children,  whom  they  carried 
to  Canada;  but  by  the  unwearied  pains  and  expenco  of  Mr. 
Stevens,  he  in  a  little  time  purchased  his  children.];  Colcord 
about  six  months  after,  made  his  escape  and  got  unto  his  friends, 
but  did  not  survive  long.  May  24th,  they  shot  George  Chesley 
as  he  was  returning  from  public  worship,  with  whom  was  Eliza- 
beth Burnum,  who  was  mortally  wounded.  Three  days  after, 
they  went  to  Perpooduck,  where  they  killed  one  and  wounded 
another,  and  then  marched  to  Saco,  where  they  slew  David  Hill, 
a  friend  Indian.  On  the  same  day,  another  party  went  to 
Chester,  where  they  took  Thomas  Smith,  with  another  whom 
they  pinioned,  but  soon  after,  they  made  their  escape. 

The  frontiers  being  thus  alarmed,  two  companies  of  volun- 
teers went  from  New^-Hampshire  on  the  bounty  act,  one  hundred 
pounds  a  scalp,  and  it  happened  that  Moses  Davis,  as  he  was 
weeding  his  corn,  went  unto  a  brook  to  drink,  where  he  saw 

[  *  Jamei  Nock,  says  Dr.  Belknap.] 

[  t  Thompson  was  killed  in  May,  1724.  He  li  red  on  the  road  which  leads  from  Quampeagan  to  Wells,  at  Love's 
Brook,  One  Stone  was  mangled  and  scalped  near  where  Thompson  fell  by  the  same  party,  but  he  survived  it,  and 
lived  to  be  an  old  man.  (governor  Sullivan,  who  knew  him,  says,  "  his  life  was  miserable  ;  he  wore  a  silver  caul 
on  his  head,  went  on  crutches,  had  the  use  of  only  one  hand,  and  was  subject  to  strong  convulsion  fits."  8ulUvan'§ 
Maine,  p.  252.] 

[  t  The  late  Samuel  Welch,  who  died  at  Bow,  6  April,  1823,  at  the  age  of  112,  recollected  this  event,  and  related 
to  the  writer  of  this  note  some  of  the  particulars  of  it,  about  a  month  before  his  death.  He  stated  that  Peter  Ool- 
cord,  Ebenezer  Stevens  and  Benjamin  Severence,  and  two  or  three  children  of  Mr,  Stevens',  were  taken  by  the  In- 
dians ;  that  Colcord  made  his  escape,  and  that  the  children  of  Mr.  Stevens  were  afterwards  redeemed.  He  also 
recollected  the  family  of  Jabez  Colman,  who  was  killed  in  1724,  (mentioned  by  Penhallow  under  that  year)  and 
stated  that  Colman  was  shot  with  two  balls,  one  passing  through  his  neck,  and  the  other  through  his  hip,—  Vol.  1 
N.  B.  Hitt.  Soo,  col,] 


lUO 


)i)cnljalloU)'s  {ntiiau  Wiax^. 


throe  Indian  i)acks,  upon  which  he  informed  the  troo[)s  that 
were  then  coining  out.  lie,  with  hi.s  .son,  went  before  as  guides, 
but  by  an  anibushment,  were  both  shot  dead.  The  English 
then  fired  on  them,  who  killed  one,  and  wounded  two  more,  but 
coukl  not  find  either  of  the  latter,  although  they  tracked  them 
by  their  blood  some  way.  The  assembly  of  New-Hampshire 
then  sitting,  ordered  the  aforesaid  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds 
to  be  paid. 

The  next  damage  they  did,  was  at  Groton,  but  were  so  closely 
pursued,  that  they  left  several  of  their  })acks  behind.  About 
which  time,  news  came  to  Decrfield  of  a  body  of  Indians  discov- 
ered up  Connecticut  river.  Capt.  Thomas  Wells  rallied  a  com- 
pany of  men,  and  went  in  quest  of  them,  but  made  no  further 
discovery,  till,  upon  their  return  home,  about  four  miles  from 
Deerfield,  three  of  the  company  (supposing  themselves  out  of 
danger)  rode  at  some  distance  before  the  rest,  and  unhappily 
fell  into  an  ambushment  of  the  enemy  near  a  swamp,  and  were 
all  three  killed  by  them.  But  the  company  behind  hearing  the 
guns,  rode  up  with  all  speed,  and  came  upon  the  enemy  while 
they  were  scalping  the  slain ;  and  firing  upon  them,  wounded 
several.  Upon  which  the  enemy  fled  into  the  swamp,  and  the 
English  dismounting  their  horses,  ran  in  after  them,  and  tracked 
them  a  considerable  way  by  the  blood  of  the  wounded,  but  found 
none.  However,  they  recovered  ten  packs,  and  heard  after- 
wards that  two  died  of  their  wounds,  and  a  third  lost  the  use  of 
his  arm.  Another  company  fell  on  Spur  wink,  where  they  mor- 
tally wounded  Solomon  Jordan,  as  he  was  coming  out  of  the 
garrison.  Next  day,  being  July  the  18th,  Lieut.  Bean  went  in 
quest  of  them,  and  came  up  with  a  scout  of  thirty,  whom  he  en- 
gaged and  put  to  flight,  leaving  twenty-five  packs,  twelve  blan- 
kets, a  gun,  a  hatchet,  and  sundry  other  things  behind  them.* 

[  "^  Rev.  Dr  Holmea  informs  ur,  that  in  the  copy  of  Peuhallow  in  posseBaion  of  th«  MMBkohiiaetts  Historical 


|)enf)aHob)'s  Jnliian  MUvs. 


101 


The  enemy  not  finding  so  great  encouragement  in  attacking 
our  frontiers  as  they  expected,  were  now  reyolved  to  turn  pirates, 
and  accordingly  intercepted  several  of  our  fishery  as  they  went 
in  and  out  the  harbours  for  wood,  water,  or  in  case  of  storms, 
and  accordingly  made  up  a  fleet  of  fifty  canoes,  who  designed  at 
first  for  Mohegcn,f  but  going  through  the  Fox  Islands,  and  see- 
ing several  vessels  at  anchor,  surprized  eight  with  little  or  no 
opposition  ;  in  which  were  forty  men,  twenty  of  whom  they  put 
to  death,  reserving  the  skippers  and  best  sailors  to  navigate  for 
them.  After  this,  they  took  fourteen  more ;  and  with  the  assist- 
ance of  the  Cape  Sable  Indians,  became  so  powerful  and  despe- 
rate, that  at  first  they  terrified  all  vessels  that  sailed  along  the 
eastern  shore.  They  then  went  to  St.  Georges  with  a  design  to 
burn  that  garrison ;  in  order  whereto,  they  filled  a  couple  of 
shallops  with  combustible  matter,  which  they  set  on  fire,  but  it 
was  happily  extinguished.  They  then  ofibred  terms  on  surren- 
dering, which  were  rejected.  And  finding  that  neither  force 
nor  insinuation  would  prevail,  they  withdrew,  and  sailed  to 
Annapolis,  expecting  to  surprize  the  fort ;  but  firing  at  a  soldier 
in  their  march,  gave  an  alarm ;  and  a  detachment  issued  forth, 
who,  after  a  smart  dispute,  gave  them  a  perfect  rout,  but  not 
without  loss  on  our  side. J 

The  fishery  being  thus  invaded,  two  shallops  with  about  forty 
men  well  fixed,  went  from  New-Hampshire,  who  fairly  came  up 
with  one  of  them,  but  through  cowardice  and  folly  were  afraid 


Society,  there  is  an  advertisement  at  tli«  end,  desiring  tlie  reader  to  correct  a  great  omiRsIoR  in  page  105  [of  thil 
edition]  viz.  "  In  tho  article  relating  to  Lioiit.  Bouu  and  Company,  at  tiio  bottom  of  tlio  page,  it  sliould  have 
Iwen  added,  one  of  tlielr  principal  Indians  was  kiUetl,  and  iiis  scalp  brouglit  to  Boston,  for  wliicli  said  Bean  and 
company  received  an  liundrod  pounds. —  Vol.  1  AT.  //.  I[M  Soc,  col.] 

[  t  An  Island  on  tlie  east  side  of  Kennebeclt  river,  and  about  10  miles  from  tlie  main  :  celebrated  as  the  place 
where  Capt.  John  Smith  lauded  in  1014;  hero  he  built  some  houses,  tho  remains  of  which  were  to  be  seen,  when 
Judge  Sullivan  wrote  liis  History  of  Muiue.     It  is  spelt  Jloheagan.— Dmte's  French  and  Indian  Wart,  p.  222.] 

[  I  June  27, 1724,  Ebenc/.er  Shelden,  Thomas  Cotton,  and  Jeremiah  English  (a  friend  Indian)  wero  killed  at 
neorfiold.  July  10,  Lieut.  Timothy  Childs  and  Samuel  Allen,  were  wounded  in  returning  from  their  labor  in  the 
Held. — Appendix  to  IVilianu'  Han-ative.] 

9* 


«> 


102 


iPenftalloto^s  Jntrian  Wiax&. 


to  engage  them.  However,  Dr.  Jackson  from  Kittery,  and 
Sylvanus  Lakeman  from  Ipswich,  with  a  lesser  number,  gave 
them  chase,  and  fired  very  smartly  with  their  small  arms,  al- 
though the  enemy  had  two  great  guns  and  four  pateraroes,  which 
cut  their  shrouds  and  hindered  their  pursuit  for  some  time :  but 
being  fixed  again,  they  followed  them  with  greater  resolution, 
and  drove  them  into  Penobscot,  where  a  greater  body  being 
ready  to  cover  them,  he  was  forced  to  desist.  The  Doctor  and 
Mr.  Cutt  were  dangerously  wounded  in  this  engagement,  but 
some  time  after,  ^  ^covered.  This  storm  of  the  enemy  by  sea, 
produced  no  calm  ashore. 

At  Rutland,  they  killed  three  men,  wounded  one,  and  took 
another;*  and  at  Oxford,  beset  a  house  that  lay  under  a  hill,  but 
as  one  of  the  enemy  attempted  to  break  through  the  roof,  he  was 
shot  by  a  woman  of  the  house.f  The  sabbath  now  became  a 
day  of  danger  in  which  they  often  did  mischief,  as  at  Dover, 
Oyster  river,  and  Berwick,  where  they  killed  one,  wounded  a 
second,  and  carried  away  a  third. 

Capt.  Harmon,  Moulton,  Brown  and  Bean,  were  now  prepar- 
ing for  Norridgewock,  with  two  hundred  men  in  seventeen 
whale-boats.  After  they  landed  at  Triconnick,  they  met  with 
Bomazeen  at  Brunswick,  (who  had  slain  an  Englishman  some 
days  before)  whom  they  shot  in  the  river,  as  he  attempted  to 
make  an  escape.  They  afterwards  killed  his  daughter,  and  took 
his  wife  captive ;  who  gave  an  account  of  the  state  of  the  enemy, 
which  encouraged  them  to  march  on  briskly ;  and  on  August 
12th,  they  got  within  two  miles  of  the  place.  Capt.  Harmon  drew 
off  with  about  sixty  men  to  range  their  corn  fields,  in  hopes  of 


[  *  This  was  on  the  3d  of  Augtast,  1724,  and  was  the  last  mischief  done  at  Rutland,] 

[fThe  enemy,  four  In  number,  made  a  breach  In  the  roof,  and  as  one  of  them  was  attempting  to  enter,  he 
recelTed  a  shot  In  his  belly  from  a  courageous  woman,  the  only  person  In  the  house,  but  who  had  two  muskets  and 
two  pistols  charged,  and  was  prepared  for  all  four;  but  they  thought  flt  to  retreat,  carrying  off  the  dead  or 
wounded  ipan.    Tbia  was  on  the  6tb  of  August,— Fo{.  1  N.  H.  BM.  Boo.  ool.] 


^^enftalloto's  Intrian  WLax^. 


103 


finding  some  there,  imagining  they  saw  some  smokes ;  while 
Capt.  Moulton,  with  about  an  hundred  men  moved  forward,  and 
when  he  came  within  view  of  the  town,  artfully  divided  them 
into  three  squadrons,  of  thirty  in  each ;  having  ordered  ten  to 
guard  their  baggage,  and  a  squadron  on  each  wing  to  lie  in  am- 
bush, while  he  with  the  like  number  encountered  them  in  the 
front.     He  went  on  with  such  resolution,  that  he  got  within  pis- 
tol shot  before  he  was  discovered.    The  Indians  were  under 
amazing  terror ;  yet  in  their  surprize  some  of  them  snatched 
up  their  guns  and  fired :  but  their  hands  shook  and  they  did  no 
execution.     They  immediately  betook  themselves  to  flight,  and 
in  running  fell  on  the  very  muzzles  of  our  guns  that  lay  in  am- 
bush.    Our  men  pursued  them  so  warmly,  that  several  were 
slain  on  the  spot ;  more  got  into  their  canoes,  and  others  ran 
into  the  river ;  which  was  so  rapid,  and  the  falls  in  some  places 
so  great,  that  many  of  them  were  drowned.    By  this  time  Capt. 
Harmon  came  up,  who  was  not  so  happy  as  to  discover  any  of 
the  enemy  where  he  expected.     The  number  of  the, dead  which 
we  scalped,  were  twenty-six,  besides  Monsieur  Ralle*  the  Jesuit, 
who  was  a  bloody  incendiary,  and  instrumental  to  most  of  the 
mischiefs  that  were  done  us,  by  preaching  up  the  doctrine  of 
meriting  salvation  by  the  destruction  of  hereticks.f    Some  say 

t*SobaBtian  Ballo  died  in  the  67th  year  of  his  ase,  after  a  painful  mission  of  37  years  ;  26  of  which  were  spent 
at  Korridgwock.  Previous  to  bis  residence  at  this  place,  he  spent  six  years  in  travelling  among  the  Indian  nations 
in  the  interior  parts  of  America  ;  and  learned  most  of  their  languages.  "  II  Sgavoit  presque  toute  les  languest 
qu'ott  parle  dans  ce  vaste  continent."  He  Was  a  man  of  good  sense,  learning,  and  address ;  and  by  a  gentle,  conde» 
scending  deportment,  and  a  compliance  with  the  Indian  mode  of  life,  he  obtained  an  entire  ascendency  over 
the  natives ;  and  itsed  his  iniSueuce  to  promote  the  interests  of  the  French  among  them.  "  He  even  made  the  ofll- 
ces  of  devotion  serve  as  incentives  to  their  ferocity ;  and  kept  a  Hag,  in  which  was  depicted  a  cross,  snrronnded  by 
bows  and  arrows,  which  he  used  to  hoist  on  a  pole  at  the  door  of  his  church,  when  he  gave  them  absolution,  pre. 
viously  to  their  engaging  in  any  warlike  enterprise."  A  dictionary  of  the  Norridgwock  language,  composed  by 
Father  Ralle,  was  found  among  bis  papers  ;  and  it  was  deposited  in  the  Library  of  Harvard  College.  There  is 
this  memorandum  on  it :  "  1G91.  II  y  a  un  an  que  je  suis  parmi  les  sauveges  je  commence  a  mettre  en  ordre 
•n  forme  de  dlctionaire  les  mots  que  j'apprens."  It  >s  a  quarto  volume  of  about  600  pages.— Bel*»«v'».  But.  of  N. 
Hampthire,  Vol.  II,  p,  60.— Charlevoux  Nouv  France,  Vol.  II,  pp.  376—385.] 

[t  There  is  a  valuable  memoir  of  Ralle  in  the  Collections  of  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  Tol.  VIII,  p. 
250,  in  which  his  character  is  more  favourably  represented  than  in  the  above  account :  it  seems  that  the  Account 
in  the  text  is  not  perfectly  correct.— VoJ,  1  N.  H.  But.  Boe,  eol] 


104 


^Penftalloto's  intrian  Mats, 


that  quarter  was  offered  him,  which  he  refused,  and  would  nei- 
ther give  nor  take  any.  After  this,  they  burnt  and  destroyed 
the  chapel,  canoes,  and  all  the  cottages  that  lay  round ;  they  also 
took  four  Indians  alive,  and  recovered  three  captives. 

The  number  in  all  that  were  killed  and  drowned  were  sup- 
posed to  be  eighty,  but  some  say  more  ;  the  greatest  victory  we 
have  obtained  in  the  three  or  four  last  wars :  and  it  may  be  as 
noble  an  exploit  (all  things  considered)  as  ever  happened  in  the 
time  of  king  Philip.  About  seventy  French  Mohawks  were 
now  making  a  descent  on  our  frontiers,  who  divided  into  several 
parties  and  killed  a  great  number  of  cattle.  Some  of  them  fell 
on  the  house  of  John  Hanson  of  Dover,  who  being  a  stiff  quaker, 
full  of  enthusiasm,  and  ridiculing  the  military  power,  would  on 
no  account  be  influenced  to  come  into  garrison ;  by  which 
means  his  whole  family  (then  at  home)  being  eight  in  number, 
were  all  killed  and  taken.  But  some  time  after,  his  wife  and 
two  or  three  of  his  children,  were  redeemed  with  considerable 
pains  and  expense. 

September  4th,  they  fell  on  Dunstable,  and  took  two  *  in  the 


[  <<  The  persoDB  taken  were  Natiiaa  Gross  and  Thomas  Blanchard,  who  had  been  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  turpentine  on  the  north  side  of  Nashua  river,  ntar  where  Nashua  village  now  stands.  At  that  time,  there  were 
no  houses  or  settlements  on  that  side  of  the  river.  These  men  had  been  in  the  habit  of  returning  every  night  to 
lodge  in  a  saw-mill  on  the  other  side.  That  night  the;  came  not  as  usual.  An  alarm  was  given ;  it  was  feared 
they  had  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  Indians.  A  party  consisting  of  ten  of  the  principal  inhabitants  of  the  place 
started  in  search  of  them,  under  the  direction  of  one  French,  a  sergeant  of  militia.  In  this  company  was  Far- 
well,  who  was  afterwards  lieutenant  under  Lovewell.  When  this  party  arrived  at  the  spot  where  the  men  had 
been  labouring,  they  found  the  hoops  of  the  barrel  cut,  and  the  turpentine  spread  upon  the  ground.  From  certain 
marks  upon  the  trees  made  with  coal  mixed  with  grease,  they  understood  that  the  men  were  taken  and  carried  off 
alive.  In  the  course  of  the  examination,  Farwell  perceived  the  turpentine  had  not  ceusod  spreading,  and  called 
the  attention  of  his  comrades  to  this  circumstance.  They  concluded  tlint  tl.e  Indians  had  been  gone  but  a  short 
time,  and  must  still  be  near,  and  decided  upon  an  instant  pursuit.  Farwull  advised  them  to  take  a  circuitous 
rout,  to  avoid  an  ambush.  But  unfortunately  he  and  French  had  a  short  time  previous  had  a  misunderstanding, 
and  were  then  at  variance.  French  imputed  this  advice  to  cowardice,  and  called  out,  "  I  am  going  to  take  the 
direct  path  ;  if  any  of  you  are  not  afraid,  let  him  follow  me."  French  led  the  way  and  the  whole  party  followed, 
Farwell  falling  in  the  rear.  Their  route  was  up  the  Merrimack,  towards  which  they  bent  their  course  to  look  for 
their  horses  upon  the  interval.  At  the  brook  near  Lutwycho's  (now  Thornton's)  ferry,  they  were  way-laid.  The 
Indians  flred  upon  them,  and  killed  the  larger  part  instantly.  A  few  fled,  but  were  overtaken  and  destroyed. 
French  was  killed  about  a  mile  from  the  place  of  action,  under  an  oak  tree  now  standing  in  a  fleld  belonging  to 
Mr.  Lund  in  Merrimack.  Farwell  in  the  rear,  seeing  those  before  him  fall,  sprung  behind  a  tree,  discharged  his 
piece  und  ran.    Two  Indians  pursued  him  :  the  chase  was  vigorously  maintained  fur  some  time  without  gaining 


■^ 


|3euiaUob's  Jntrian  Mars;* 


105 


evening :  next  morning,  Lieut.  Frencli,  with  fourteen  men,  went 
in  quest  of  them ;  but  being  way-hiid,  both  he  and  one  half  of 
his  company  were  destroyed.  After  that,  as  many  more  of  a 
fresh  company  engaged  them,  but  tlie  enemy  being  much  supe- 
rior in  number  overpowered  them,  with  the  loss  of  one  man  and 
four  wounded. 

On  the  Monday  after,  they  killed  Jabez  Coleman  of  Kingston, 
with  his  son,  as  they  were  gathering  corn  stalks.  About  the 
same  time,  Nathaniel  Edwards  of  Northampton  was  killed :  and 
the  next  day,  the  same  company  of  Indians  went  to  Westfield, 
and  fell  on  several  people  as  they  were  coming  out  of  the  mea- 
dows with  their  carts  loaded,  and  wounding  one  man  had  cer- 
tainly taken  him,  but  some  of  our  men  bravely  faced  about,  and 
attempted  a  shot  upon  them.  But  their  guns  all  missing  fire 
except  Mr.  Noah  Ashley's,  his  went  off  and  shot  down  one  of 
the  enemy,  which  put  a  stop  to  their  further  pursuit  of  the  Eng- 
lish. Hereupon  a  company  rallied,  and  went  after  the  enemy, 
and  quickly  found  the  Indian  whom  Ashley  had  slain.  And 
taking  the  scalp,  said  Ashley  brought  it  to  Boston,  and  received 
one  hundred  pounds  reward  for  it.  And  now  a  regiment  of 
fresh  men  under  the  command  of  Col.  Westbrook  were  prepar- 
ing for  Penobscot,  one  of  their  chief  places  of  rendezvous  for 
planting  and  fishing ;  but  by  the  unskillfulness  of  his  guides, 
were  led  into  a  labyrinth  of  difficulties,  and  after  a  long  fatigue 
returned  without  any  discovery. 

Capt.  Lovewellf  from  Dunstable,  with  thirty  volunteers,  at 

much  advantage,  till  Farwell  itessing  through  a  thicket,  the  Indians  lost  sight  of  him,  and  fearing  he  might  have 
loaded  again,  they  desisted.  He  was  tlie  only  one  of  the  company  that  escaped.  A  company  from  the  neighbor- 
hood mustered  upon  the  news  of  this  disaster,  proceeded  to  the  fatal  spot,  took  up  the  bodies  of  their  friends  and 
towDRmen  and  interred  them  in  the  burying  ground  in  Dunstable.  Blanchard  and  Cross  were  carried  to  Canada : 
after  remaining  there  some  time,  they  succeeded  by  their  own  exertions  in  effecting  their  redemption  and  returned 
to  their  native  town,  where  their  descendants  are  still  living. — Relation  of  Col.  E.  Bancroft,  of  Tyngsborougk,  Man. 
[fCapt.  John  Lovewell  lived  in  Dunstable,  New-Hampshire,  then  Massachusetts.  "He  was  asonof  Zacheui 
Iiovewell,  an  ensign  in  the  army  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  who  came  to  this  country  and  settled  at  Dunstable,  where  h» 
died  at  the  age  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  years  ;  the  oldest  white  man  who  ever  died  in  the  State  of  New-Hamp- 
shire."— Farmer'$  A  Moore's  (Jollectiom,  \ol.  Ill, p.  64. 


106 


iPeni)al(ob's  fnbian  Wars, 


the  same  time  went  northward,  who  marching  several  miles  up 
the  country,  came  on  a  wigwam  wherein  were  two  Indians,  one 
of  which  they  killed  and  the  other  took,  for  which  they  received 
the  promised  bounty  of  one  hundred  pounds  a  scalp,  and  two 
shillings  and  six  pence  a  day  besides. 

Other  companies  were  disposed  to  go  out  on  the  like  encourage- 
ment, but  did  not  see  the  track  of  an  Indian ;  being  under  such 
amazing  terror,  by  reason  of  their  late  overthrow  at  Norridge- 
wock,  that  they  deserted  their  former  habitation;  for  Avhen 
Capt.  Heath  went  to  Penobscot,  he  made  no  other  discovery 
than  a  few  empty  wigwams. 

The  government  (being  thoroughly  apprized  of  the  perfidy  of 
the  French  at  Canada,  in  supplying  the  Indians  with  all  neces- 
sary stores  of  war,  notwithstanding  the  peace  at  Utrecht,  so 
firmly  ratified  between  the  two  Crowns)  sent  Col.  Thaxter  and 
Col.  Dudley  from  the  Massachusetts,  with  Mr.  Atkinson  from 
New-Hampshire,  as  commissioners  to  represent  the  many  griev- 
ances that  arose  thereby ;  as  also  to  demand  the  several  captives 
which  they  had  of  ours,  and  that  hence-forward  they  would  with- 
draw all  manner  of  assistance  from  the  enemy.  For  as  they 
were  Indians  bordering  between  both  governments,  they  be- 
longed either  to  the  dominion  of  Great  Britain,  or  unto  the 
French  King ;  if  to  the  French  King,  then  consequently  they 
were  his  subjects,  and  the  encouraging  or  supplying  them  with 
warlike  stores  against  the  English,  was  a  flagrant  violation  of 
the  peace  between  the  two  Crowns;  if  they  belonged  to  the 
King  of  Great  Britain,  then  the  exciting  them  to  a  war  was  as 
great  a  breach,  and  the  stirring  them  up  to  a  rebellion,  contrary 
unto  their  allegiance  and  submission  in  the  year  1693,  which 
was  afterwards  renewed  in  the  year  1713,  and  1717. 

Our  gentlemen  in  their  journey  to  Quebeck,  met  the  Governor 
at  Montreal  unto  whom  they  delivered  this  message :   upon 


iPeni)allob's  Jntiian  Mats. 


107 


>.hicli  the  Governor  seemed  to  extenuate  his  supplying  or  coun- 
tenancing them  in  any  act  of  hostility ;  till  they  made  it  evident 
from  letters  under  his  hand  unto  Monsieur  Ralle,  the  Jesuit  and 
father  confessor.  But  to  palliate  the  matter,  he  replied,  they 
were  an  independent  nation,  and  that  as  the  captives  were  out 
of  his  reach  he  would  not  engage  therein.  But  as  to  those 
among  the  French,  he  would  order  them  to  be  released  upon 
paying  the  first  cost  they  had  given  the  Indians.  This  we  were 
obliged  to  do,  after  an  exorbitant  manner ;  and  in  the  whole, 
got  but  sixteen,  with  the  promise  of  ten  more.  Notwithstand- 
ing this,  he  would  often  reflect  on  the  English  for  invading  the 
properties  of  the  Indians,  till  our  commissioners  demonstrated 
that  we  possessed  no  more  than  what  we  purchased,  and  had 
formerly  inhabited ;  and  inasmuch  as  the  boundaries  between 
the  two  Crowns  were  firmly  fixed,'  that  all  the  Indians  inhabit- 
ing this  side  L'Accadia,  must  of  consequence  belong  to  the 
Crown  of  Great  Britain.  After  this,  our  gentlemen  departed, 
acknowledging  the  kind  entertainment  which  his  Excellency  had 
given  them ;  who  ordered  a  guard  to  attend  them  part  of  their 
way  home. 

JBut  the  difficulties  and  hazards  that  they  met  with  in  their 
journey,  were  great  and  terrible.  It  took  them  full  four  months. 
The  lake  they  passed  over  was  a  hundred  and  fifty  miles  long 
and  thirty  wide,  which  was  covered  with  water  four  inches  on 
the  surface  of  the  ice.  The  first  place  they  came  to  was  Cham- 
blee,  where  is  a  strong  fortification,  200  foot  square,  and  30  foot 
high,  with  four  bastions,  in  which  are  four  tiers  of  guns,  one 
above  another.  From  thence  they  travelled  to  Montreal,  which 
is  an  island  of  30  miles  long  and  12  wide,  lying  in  the  middle  of 
the  river  commonly  called  St.  Lawrence's  river ;  about  180  miles 
up  from  Quebeck,  navigable  for  vessels  of  about  100  tons.  This 
city  (of  Montreal)  lies  near  the  middle,  walled  round  with  stone 


«< 


ty 


108 


^fn^Ja!loU)^'5  Inbian  Wiavs. 


and  lime  sixteen  foot  high  and  three  thick,  but  no  battery  or 
fortification ;  in  which  are  three  churches,  two  chapels,  two  nun- 
neries, and  two  streets  of  three  quarters  of  a  mile  in  length ;  con- 
taining about  400  houses.  Their  trade  is  mostly  in  furs,  which 
they  transport  to  Quebeck,  and  from  thence  to  France. 

Capt.  Lovewell,  who  was  endowed  with  a  generous  spirit  and 
resolution  of  serving  his  country,  and  well  acquainted  with  hunt- 
ing the  woods,  raised  a  new  company  of  volunteers,  and  marched 
some  miles  beyond  their  common  head-quarters :  on  the  east- 
erly side  of  Winnepiseogee  *  ponds,  he  crossed  an  Indian  track, 
and  soon  after  espied  two  of  them,  whose  motions  he  watched  all 
the  day,  and  at  night  silently  came  upon  them  as  they  lay  asleep 
round  their  fire.  At  his  first  firing,  he  killed  seven,  after  that, 
two  more,  and  wounded  another,  which  was  their  whole  com- 
pany :f  who  being  within  a  day  and  a  half's  march  of  our  fron- 
tiers, would  probably  have  done  mischief,  had  they  not  been  so 
seasonably  prevented.  Their  arms  were  so  new  and  good,  that 
most  of  them  were  sold  for  seven  pounds  apiece,  and  each  of 
them  had  two  blankets,  with  a  great  many  spare  maccasons, 
which  were  supposed  for  the  supplying  of  captives  that  they  ex- 
pected to  have  taken.  The  plunder  was  but  a  few  skins ;  but 
during  the  march,  our  men  were  well  entertained  with  moose, 
bear,  and  deer,  together  with  salmon-trout,  some  of  which  were 
three  feet  long,  and  weighed  twelve  pounds  apiece. 

April  13th,  1725,  there  came  two  Indians  to  Maquoit,J  and 
took  one  Cockram,  a  soldier  of  about  eighteen  years  of  age,  whom 
they  carried  thirty  miles  into  the  woods.  The  first  night  they 
pinioned  him,  but  left  him  loose  the  second.     He  took  an  oppor- 

['*Winnepi880cay,  in  copy.] 

[  t  The  brave  company,  with  the  ten  scalps  stretched  on  hoops  and  poles,  entered  Dover  in  triumph,  and  pro- 
ceeded thence  to  Boston ;  where  they  received  the  bounty  of  one  hundred  pounds  for  each,  out  of  the  public  treas- 
ury.—Bellmaji't  Hitt.  o/N  HamjuMre,  Vol.  II,  p.  63. 

[  I  Haquoit  ii  a  bay,  which  lies  about  20  miles  north  of  Cape  Elizabeth.— fhtUiran,  j>.  14.] 


«^ 


I" 


i|enf)alloU)'s  Intrian  Wiaxs. 


109 


tunity  (as  they  were  asleep)  to  knock  them  both  on  the  head, 
scalped  them  and  brought  their  scalps  away  with  him,  and  their 
guns.  But  in  his  return,  he  was  so  unhappy  as  to  lose  a  gun, 
and  one  of  the  scalps  in  fording  a  river.  When  he  came  to  the 
garrison  and  gave  an  account  of  the  v/hole  affair,  there  went  out 
a  party  the  next  morning,  and  found  the  Indians  both  dead  ac- 
cording to  the  information  that  he  had  given.  He  was  not  only 
rewarded  according  to  the  act,  but  was  advanced  in  his  post,  for 
his  brave  action,  and  for  the  encouragement  of  others. 

On  the  Monday  after,  came  another  party  to  Yarmouth,  where 
they  slew  William  and  Matthew  Scales,  which  was  a  great 
weakening  to  that  garrison,  being  very  active  and  industrious 
men,  and  the  principal  supporters  thereof. 

After  this,  they  went  to  Cape  Porpoise  and  waylaid  Lieut. 
Trescott  with  some  others,  as  they  were  passing  along  the  road, 
whom  they  fired  on,  and  wounded  the  said  Trescott  in  several 
places. 

A  vessel  from  Can  so,  about  this  time  arriving,  brought  an  ac- 
count of  seventy  Indians  that  fell  on  an  out-house  in  view  of  the 
garrison,  where  they  killed  seven  men,  one  woman  and  a  child, 
and  from  thence  went  to  Capt.  Durell's  Island,  where  they  be- 
set a  fortified  house  in  which  were  only  four,  who  engaged  them 
several  hours;  one  of  which  was  in  a  little  time  shot  through  a 
loop-hole,  but  the  remaining  three  held  out  and  defended  them- 
selves with  such  bravery,  that  the  enemy  was  obliged  to  draw 
off  with  considerable  loss. 

Capt.  Lovewell  being  still  animated  with  an  :n. common  zeal 
of  doing  what  service  he  could,  made  another  attempt  on  Pig- 
wacket*  with  forty-four  men ;  who  in  his  going  built  a  small 


[oSitnstod  on  the  upper  part  of  the  river  Saoo,  then  50  miles  from  any  white  settlement,  (16. 1,  27,)  which 
had  been  the  restdenoe  of  a  formidable  tribe,  and  which  they  itill  occaaionally  Inhabited.  It  is  in  the  present  towm 
of  VnyebnrK,  Maine.— Brffcnop'*  N.  namp$Mre,  p  63.— DroJ:e'»  Appeudit  to  Indian  Wan,  p.  33.] 

10 


110 


)9eni)aUoU)'!S  fnbiau  Wiaxs* 


fort*  near  Ossipee,  to  have  recourse  unto  in  case  of  danger,  as 
also  for  the  relief  of  any  that  might  be  sick  or  wounded  ;  and 
having  one  of  his  men  at  this  time  sick,  he  left  the  doctor  with 
eight  men  more  to  guard  him  :  with  the  rest  of  his  company,  he 
proceeded  in  quest  of  the  enemy,  who  on  May  the  8th,  about  ten 
in  the  morning,  forty  miles  from  said  fort,  near  Saco  pond,f  he 
saw  an  Indian  on  a  point  of  land :  upon  which  they  immedi- 
ately put  off  their  blankets  and  knapsacks,  and  made  towards 
him ;  concluding  that  the  enemy  were  ahead  and  not  in  the 
rear.  Yet  they  were  not  without  some  apprehensions  of  their 
being  discovered  two  days  before,  and  that  the  appearing  of  one 
Indian  in  so  bold  a  manner,  was  on  purpose  to  ensnare  them. 
Wherefore,  the  Captain  calling  his  men  together,  projiosed 
whether  it  was  best  to  engage  them  or  not ;  who  boldly  replied, 
"  that  as  they  came  out  on  purpose  to  meet  the  enemy,  they 
would  rather  trust  jDrovidence  with  their  lives  and  die  for  their 
country,  than  return  without  seeing  them."  Upon  this,  they 
proceeded  and  mortally  wounded  the  Indian,  who  notwithstand- 
ing returned  the  fire,  and  wounded  Capt.  Lovewell  in  the  belly. 
Upon  which  Mr.  Wyman  fired  and  killed  him.  J  But  their  dis- 
mantling themselves  at  this  juncture,  proved  an  unhappy  snare  ; 
for  the  enemy  taking  their  baggage,  knew  their  strength  by  the 
number  of  their  packs,  where  they  lay  in  ambush  till  they  re- 

[^  About  halfway  between  a  remarkable  Indian  mound  In  Ossipee,  and  the  weitern  shore  of  Ossipee  Lake, 
"  are  the  remains  of  the  fort  built  by  the  brave  Capt.  Lovewell,  Just  before  he  fell  in  the  celebrated  battle  near 
Lovewell's  pond,  in  Freyeburg."— Farmer'*  <t  Moore'a  coll.,  Vol.  I,  p.  40.] 

[fSome  call  this  Lovewell's  pond  ;  but  Lovewell's  pond  Is  in  Wakefleld,  where  he  some  time  before  captured 
a  company  of  Indians,  who  were  on  their  way  to  attack  some  of  the  frontier  towns.— Drake's  Appendix  to  Indian 
Wan,  p.  381.] 

[I  This  Indian  has  been  celebrated  as  a  hero,  and  ranked  with  tho  Boman  Curtius,  who  devoted  himself  to 
death  to  save  his  country.  (See  Hutchiiison't  History,  Vol.  II,  p.  315.)  Having  been  on  the  spot  where  this  cele- 
brated action  happened,  and  having  conversed  with  persons  who  were  acquainted  with  the  Indians  of  Figwacket, 
before  and  after  this  battle,  I  am  convinced  that  there  is  no  foundation  for  tlie  idea  that  he  was  placed  there  to 
decoy ;  and  that  he  had  no  claim  to  the  character  of  a  hero.  The  point  on  which  he  stood  is  a  noted  fishing  place ; 
the  gun  which  alarmed  Lovewell's  company,  was  fired  at  a  flock  of  ducks ;  and  when  they  met  him,  he  was  return- 
ing home  with  hia  game  and  two  fowling  pieces.  The  village  was  situated  at  the  ertge  of  the  Saco  river,  which 
here  forms  a  large  bend.  The  remains  of  the  stockades  were  found  by  the  first  settlers,  forty  years  afterward. 
The  pond  is  in  the  township  of  Frieburg.— BelArnnp't  Hist,  of  N.  Hampshire,  pp.  66—66,] 


|3cni)alloU)'s  hxhian  WiaxB. 


Ill 


turned,  and  made  the  first  shot ;  which  our  men  answered  with 
much  bravery,  and  advancing  Avithin  twice  the  length  of  their  * 
guns,  slow  nine.*  The  encounter  was  smart  and  desperate,  and 
the  victory  seemed  to  be  in  our  favor,  till  Capt.  Lovewell  with 
several  more  were  slain  and  wounded,  to  the  number  of  twelve : 
upon  which  our  men  were  forced  to  retreat  unto  a  pond,t  between 
which  and  the  enemy  was  a  ridge  of  ground  that  proved  a  bar- 
rier unto  us.  The  engagement  continued  ten  hours,  but  although 
the  shouts  of  the  enemy  were  at  first  loud  and  terrible,  yet  after 
some  time  they  became  sensibly  low  and  weak,  and  their  ap- 
pearance to  lessen.  Now  whether  it  was  through  want  of  am- 
munition, or  on  the  account  of  those  that  were  slain  and  wounded, 
that  the  enemy  retreated,  certain  it  is,  they  first  drew  off  and 
left  the  ground.  And  although  many  of  our  men  were  much 
enfeebled  by  reason  of  their  wounds,  yet  none  of  the  enemy  pur- 
sued them  in  their  return.  Their  number  was  uncertain,  but 
by  the  advice  which  we  afterwards  received,  they  were  seventy 
in  the  whole,  whereof  forty  were  said  to  be  killed  upon  the  spot, 
eighteen  more  died  of  their  wounds,  and  that  twelve  only  re- 
turned. An  unhappy  instance  at  this  time  fell  out  respecting 
one  of  our  men,  who  when  the  fight  began,  was  so  dreadfully 
terrified,  that  he  ran  away  unto  the  fort,  telling  those  who  were 
there,  that  Capt.  Lovewell  was  killed  with  most  of  his  men ; 
which  put  them  into  so  great  a  consternation,  that  they  all  drew 
off,  leaving  a  bag  of  bread  and  pork  behind,  in  case  any  of  their 
company  might  return  and  be  in  distress. 

["•■■Both  parties  advanced  with  their  guns  presented,  and  when  they  camo  within  "  a  few  yardes,"  thty  flred 
on  both  aides.  *■  The  Indians  fell  in  considerable  numbers,  but  the  English,  most,  if  not  all  of  them,  escaped  the 
first  shot." — Drake's  Appendix  to  Indian  Wan,  p.  332.] 

[f  Hoping  to  be  sheltered  by  a  point  of  rocks  which  ran  Into  the  pond,  and  a  few  large  pine  trees  standing  on 
K  sandy  beach,  in  this  forlorn  plnca  they  took  their  station.  On  their  right  was  the  mouth  of  a  brook,  at  that  time 
nnfordable  ;  on  their  left,  was  the  rocky  point ;  their  front  wa.s  partly  covered  by  a  deep  bog,  and  partly  uncovered ; 
and  the  pond  was  in  their  roar.  The  enemy  galled  them  in  front  and  flank,  and  had  them  so  completely  in  their 
power,  that  had  they  made  a  prudent  use  of  their  advantage,  the  whole  company  must  either  have  been  killed,  or 
Obliged  to  surrender  at  discretion. — Belknnp'i  ffUt.  of  N.  Ifiimp'hlre,  Vol.  IT,  pp.  6fi — 67.] 


^ 


112 


$mf)aUotp'£t  hMan  Wiax^. 


The  whole  that  we  lost  in  the  engagement  were  fifteen,  be- 
sides those  that  were  wounded.  Eleazar  Davis  of  Concord,  was 
the  last  that  got  in,  who  first  came  to  Berwick  and  then  to 
Portsmouth,  where  he  was  carefully  provided  for,  and  had  a 
skilful  surgeon  to  attend  him.  The  report  he  gave  me  was,  that 
after  Capt.  Lovewell  was  killed,  and  Lieut.  Farwell  and  Mr. 
Bobbins  wounded,*  that  ensign  Wyman  took  upon  him  the  com- 
mand of  the  shattered  company,  who  behaved  himself  with  great 
prudence  and  courage,  by  animating  the  men  and  telling  them, 
"  that  the  day  would  yet  be  their  own,  if  their  spirits  did  not 
flag ;"  which  enlivened  them  anew,  and  caused  them  to  fire  so 
briskly,  that  several  discharged  between  twenty  and  thirty 
times  apiece.  He  further  added,  that  Lieut.  Farwell,  with  Mr. 
Frye,  their  chaplain,  Josiah  Jones,  and  himself,  who  were  all 
wounded,  marched  towards  the  fort;  but  Jones  steered  another 
way,  and  after  a  long  fatigue  and  hardship,  got  safe  into  Saco. 
Mr.  Frye  three  days  after,  through  the  extremity  of  his  wounds, 
began  to  faint  and  languish,  and  died.  He  was  a  very  worthy 
and  promising  young  gentleman,  the  bud  of  whose  youth  was 
but  just  opening  into  a  flower.f 

Mr.  Jacob  Fullam,  who  was  an  officer  and  an  only  son,  dis- 
tinguished himself  with  much  bravery.  One  of  the  first  that 
was  killed  was  by  his  right  hand ;  and  when  ready  to  encounter 
a  second,  it  is  said  that  he  and  his  adversary  fell  at  the  very  in- 
stant by  each  other's  shot.  Mr.  Farwell  held  out  in  his  return 
till  the  eleventh  day ;  during  which  time  he  had  nothing  to  eat 
but  water  and  a  few  roots  which  he  chewed ;  and  by  this  time 
the  wounds  through  his  body  were  so  mortified,  that  the  worms 

[<'The  Indians  invited  them  to  sarrender,  by  holding  up  ropes  to  thenii  and  endeaTonred  to  intimidate  them 
by  their  hideous  yells ;  till  just  before  night,  they  quitted  their  advantageous  ground,  carrying  off  their  killed  and 
wounded,  and  leaving  the  dead  bodies  of  Lovewell  and  his  men  unscalped.— Belihtap'«  Htif.  of  N.  BampMre,  VoL 
n.p.&I.] 

[t  He  fell  at>ont  the  middle  of  the  afternoon.  He  was  the  only  son  of  Capt.  James  Frye  of  Andover,  gradiu- 
ted  at  Harvard  College  in  1723,  and  was  chaplain  of  the  company.— iVate'*  Appendix  to  Indian  War$,p.  334.] 


JPenf)aUoU)*s  fntrian  fflHats. 


113 


made  a  thorough  passage.  The  same  day,  this  Davis  caught  a 
fish  which  he  broiled,  and  was  greatly  refreshed  therewith ;  but 
the  Lieutenant  was  so  much  spent,  that  ho  could  not  taste  a  bit. 
Davis  being  now  alone,  in  a  melancholy  desolate  state,  still  made 
toward  the  fort,  and  next  day  came  to  it,  where  he  found  some 
pork  and  bread,  by  which  he  was  enabled  to  return  as  before- 
mentioned. 

Just  as  I  had  finished  this  account,  I  saw  the  historical  me- 
moirs of  the  ingenious  Mr.  Symmes,*  wherein  I  find  two  things 
remarkable,  which  I  had  no  account  of  before :  one  was  of  Lieut. 
Robbins,  who  being  sensible  of  his  dying  state,  desired  one  of 
the  company  to  charge  his  gun  and  leave  it  with  him,  being 
persuaded  that  the  Indians,  by  the  morning,  would  come  and 
scalp  him,  but  was  desirous  of  killing  one  more  before  he  died. 
The  other  was  of  Solomon  Kies,  who  being  wounded  in  three 
places,  lost  so  much  blood  as  disabled  him  to  stand  any  longer ; 
but  in  the  heat  of  the  battle,  calling  to  Mr.  Wyman  said,  he  was 
a  dead  man ;  however,  said  that  if  it  was  possible,  he  would  en- 
deavour to  creep  into  some  obscure  hole,  rather  than  be  insulted 
by  these  bloody  Indians :  bui  jy  a  strange  providence,  as  he  was 
'creeping  away,  he  saw  a  canoe  in  the  pond,  which  he  rolled  him. 
self  into,  and  by  a  favorable  wind  (without  any  assistance  of  his 
own)  was  driven  so  many  miles  on,  that  he  got  safe  unto  the  fort. 

In  1  Sam.  xxxi,  11,  12,  13,  it  is  recorded  to  the  immortal 
honor  of  the  men  of  Jabbsh  Grilead,  that  when  some  of  their  re- 
nowned heroes  fell  by  the  hand  of  the  Philistines,  that  they 
prepared  a  decent  burial  for  their  bodies. 

Now  so  soon  as  the  report  came  of  Capt.  Lovewell's  defeat,t 

[  <■  Rov.  Thomas  Symmes  of  Bradford,  Mass.,  whose  Memoir  of  Lovewell's  fight  is  published  entire  in  the  ffrst 
Tolome  ot-Farmer  <t  Moore^t  CoUeetiont.] 

[  t  This  account  of  Lovewell's  battle  is  collected  from  the  authorities  cited  in  the  margin,  and  from  the  verbal 
information  of  aged  and  intelligent  persons.  The  names  of  the  dead,  on  the  trees,  and  the  holes  where  balls  had 
entered  and  been  cut  out,  were  plainly  viuible,  when  I  was  on  the  spot  in  1781.  The  trees  hod  the  appearance  of 
being  very  old,  and  one  of  them  was  fallen.— Befinajp't  Bill,  of  N.  Hampihire,  Vol.  II,  p.  70.] 

10* 


..I 


114 


IPenfiallob's  {nbian  altars. 


about  fifty  men  from  New-Hampshiro  well  equipped,  marched 
unto  Pequackett  for  the  like  end,  but  were  not  so  happy  as  to 
find  them :  but  CoL  Tyng,  from  Dunstable,  with  Ca[)t.  White 
who  went  afterwards,  buried  twelve ;  where  at  a  little  distance 
they  found  three  Indians,  among  whom  was  Paugus,*  a  vile  and 
bloody  wretch.  Now  the  reason  why  no  more  of  the  enemy 
could  be  found,  was  because  it  is  customary  among  them  to  con- 
ceal their  dead,  and  bury  them  in  some  places  of  obscurity. 

Give  me  leave  here  again  to  relate,  (as  I  did  before  respect- 
ing Col.  Hilton)  that  six  or  eight  days  before  Capt.  Lovewell 
was  defeated,  we  had  a  current  report  several  miles  round  of 
his  being  so,  with  little  or  no  variation,  both  as  to  time  and  cir- 
cumstances. 

Our  encountering  the  enemy  at  such  a  distance  was  so  tcrri* 
ble  and  surprizing,  that  they  never  found  any  body  after.  And 
though  our  actions  in  this  war  can  bear  no  comparison  with 
those  of  our  British  forces,  (which  have  caused  the  world  to 
wonder)  yet  not  to  mention  the  bravery  of  these  worthies,  who 
died  in  the  bed  of  honor,  and  for  the  interest  of  their  country, 
would  be  a  denying  them  the  honor  that  is  due  unto  their  me- 
mory, and  a  burying  them  in  oblivion.f 

The  mourning  drum,  the  lance  and  ensign's  trail, 
The  robes  of  honor  all  in  sable  veil. 

Mr.  Wyman,   who  distinguished  himself  in  such  a  signal 

[  '■'  Many  of  LovowoU's  men  knew  Pangus  personally.  A  huge  bear's  skin  formed  a  part  of  his  dress.  From 
Mr.  Symme's  account,  it  appears  that  John  Chamberlain  killed  him.  Thoy  had  spoken  together  some  time  in  the 
fight,  and  afterwards  both  happened  to  go  to  the  pond  to  wash  out  their  guns,  which  were  rendered  useless  by  so 
frequent  firing.  Hero  the  challenge  was  given  by  Paugus,  "  It  is  you  or  I."  As  soon  as  the  guns  were  prepared, 
they  fired,  and  Paugus  fell. — Drake't  Appendix  to  Indian  War$,  p.  234.] 

[  t  This  was  one  of  the  most  fierce  and  obstinate  battles  which  had  been  fought  with  the  Indians.  They  had 
not  only  the  advantage  of  numbers,  but  of  placing  themselves  in  ambush,  and  waiting  with  deliberation  the  mo- 
ment of  attack.  These  circumstances  gave  them  a  degree  of  ardor  and  impetuosity.  Lovewell  and  his  men,  though 
disappointed  of  meeting  the  enemy  in  their  front,  expected  and  determined  to  fight.  The  fall  of  their  commander 
and  more  than  one  quarter  of  their  number,  in  the  first  onset,  was  greatly  discouraging  ;  but  they  knew  the  situa- 
tion to  which  they  were  reduced,  and  their  distance  from  the  frontiers,  cut  off  all  hope  of  safety  by  flight.  In 
these  circumstances,  prudence  as  well  as  valor,  dictated  a  continuance  of  the  engagement,  and  a  refusal  to  surren- 
der ;  until  the  enemy,  awed  by  their  bravo  resistance,  and  weakened  by  their  own  loss,  yielded  them  the  honor 
of  the  field.    After  this  encounter,  the  Indiani  resided  no  more  at  Pigwacket,  till  the  peace.— 2  Belknap,  p.  69,  70.] 


$leuf)allob's  {ntiian  Wlaxs* 


116 


manner,  was,  at  his  return,  presented  with  a  silver  hilted  sword, 
-afld  a  captain's  commission.  Edward  Lingtield  was  also  made 
an  ensign,  and  the  general  assembly  (to  shew  a  grateful  ac- 
knowledgmc.i;  to  the  soldiers,  and  a  compassionate  sympathy 
unto  the  widows  and  orphans,)  ordered  the  sum  of  fifteen  hun- 
dred pounds  to  be  given  them,  under  a  certain  regulation.  And 
for  a  further  encouragement  of  volunteers,  ordered  four  shillings 
a  day  out  of  the  public  to  be  paid  every  one  that  would  enlist, 
besides  the  bounty  of  one  hundred  pounds  a  scalp.  Upon  which 
a  great  many  brave  men,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  White, 
Capt.  Wyman,  and  others,  went  out,  but  the  extremity  of  the 
heat  prevented  their  marching  far.  Many  of  them  sickened  of 
the  bloody  flux,  and  some  died  after  their  return ;  particularly, 
Capt.  White  and  Capt.  Wyman,  whose  deaths  were  very  much 
lamented. 

Saquarexis,  and  Nebine,  one  a  hostage,  and  the  other  a  pri- 
soner belonging  to  the  English,  being  desirous  of  visiting  their 
old  acquaintance,  had  liberty  granted  them  on  their  parole ;  who 
after  some  time  returned  and  gave  an  account,  that  the  Indians 
were  generally  disposed  to  a  peace,  for  that  the  losses  they  met 
with,  and  the  daily  terror  they  were  under,  made  their  lives 
miserable.  After  this,  they  went  out  again,  and  meeting  with 
several  others,  they  represented  their  ready  desires  of  having  a 
treaty  of  pacification  with  the  English.  Upon  which  Col.  Wal- 
ton,* from  New-Hampshire,  Col.  Stoddard  and^Mr.  Wainwright, 
from  the  Massachusetts,  were  appointed  commissioners  to  go 
unto  St.  George's,  to  hear  and  report  what  they  had  to  ofi'er. 
They  arrived  there,  July  the  second,  and  sent  the  said  two  In- 
dians with  a  letter  unto  thfeir  chiefs,  letting  them  know  that 
they  were  come ;  who  in  six  days  afttr,  appeared  under  a  flag 
of  truce.  ^ 

[■S'Col  Walton  lived  at  Somewworth.  He  wa«  diamiued  from  lenrice,  and  waa  laoceedad  ^y  Col.  Tbomaa 
Westbrook.— Fol.  1  N.  H.  Bit.  8oc.  col] 


116 


^penf)alloto's  Indian  3l?Ears. 


Capt.  Bean,  the  interpreter,  was  sent  to  meet  them.  They 
brought  a  letter  from  Winnenimmit  their  chief  Sagamore,  which 
was  wrote  in  French.  The  import  of  which  was,  to  congratu- 
late the  gentlemen's  arrival  on  a  design  of  peace,  which  they 
earnestly  desired  to  treat  about,  provided  they  might  do  it  safely ; 
being  under  some  fear  and  jealousy.  And  indeed  they  had 
cause  of  being  so,  for  that  about  ten  days  before  under  a  flag  of 
truce,  some  of  the  English  treacherously  attempted  to  lay  vio- 
lent hands  upon  them,  but  lost  one  in  the  skirmish,  and  had 
another  wounded,  which  was  the  occasion  of  the  like  unhappy 
disaster  that  afterwards  happened  unto  Capt.  Saunders,  in  Pe* 
nobscot  Bay.  They  then  moved,  that  inasmuch  as  many  of 
their  men  were  scattered,  (being  out  a  hunting)  that  our  gentle- 
men would  stay  a  little,  which  they  consented  to.  And  five  days 
after,  seven  came  in  under  a  flag  of  truce,  making  the  usual  sig- 
nal ;  and  informing  the  commissioners  they  would  wait  on  them 
to-morrow ;  who  after  a  friendly  entertainment  were  dismissed. 
The  next  day,  their  whole  body  came  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
of  the  garrison,  desiring  the  English  to  come  to  them ;  which 
they  refused,  saying,  that  they  were  sent  from  the  several  gov- 
ernments to  hear  what  they  had  to  offer ;  but  assured  them  that 
if  they  came  to  them,  no  injury  should  be  offered.  After  a  short 
consultation  they  complied,  provided  that  the  English  would 
engage  it  in  the  name  of  God.  And  then  they  sent  in  thirteen 
of  their  chiefs,  expecting  the  like  number  of  English  to  be  sent 
them.  So  soon  as  they  met,  the  commissioners  demanded  what 
they  had  to  offer,  who  complimented  them  with  the  great  satis- 
faction they  had  in  seeing  them  in  so  peaceable  a  disposition, 
and  that  it  was  also  the  intent  and  desire  of  their  hearts.  It 
was  then  asked  wherefore  they  made  war  upon  the  English  ? 
who  replied,  because  of  their  encroachments  upon  their  lands  so 
far  westward  as  Cape  Nawagen,  where  two  of  their  men,  as  they 


^^eniballob's  fntiian  JlSaars. 


117 


said,  were  beaten  to  death.  Upon  which  it  was  answered,  that 
that  very  land  was  bought  by  the  English,  and  that  the  deeds 
from  their  predecessors  were  ready  to  be  shewn ;  and  admitting 
it  was  true  what  they  said,  that  the  English  did  so  inhumanly 
beat  two  of  their  Indians,  yet  it  was  not  justifiable  in  them  (ac- 
cording to  the  articles  of  peace)  to  commence  a  war  at  once, 
without  first  making  application  to  the  government,  who  at  all 
times  were  ready  to  do  them  justice. 

This  conference  being  over,  they  proposed  a  further  treaty, 
which  after  some  debate,  was  resolved  to  be  at  Boston.  They 
then  moved  for  a  cessation  of  arms,  but  our  commissioners,  hav- 
ing no  power,  replied,  that  if  they  went  to  Boston,  it  might  pro- 
bably be  granted.  But  in  the  mean  time  moved  that  each  party 
should  be  on  their  guard,  for  that  it  was  the  custom  of  nations 
to  carry  on  the  war  on  both  sides  till  matters  were  fully  con- 
cluded. The  Indians  replied  that  as  they  desired  peace,  they 
were  resolved  in  calling  in  their  young  men,  promising  for  them- 
selves and  those  also  of  their  tribe,  that  no  hostility  should  be 
formed  against  us. 

The  treaty  being  over,  Capt.  Loran  and  Ahanquid,  who  were 
two  of  their  chiefs,  accompanied  our  gentlemen  to  Boston,  where 
they  were  friendly  entertained,  and  after  a  capitulation  of  mat- 
ters, returned  in  a  vessel  prepared  on  purpose,  with  a  promise 
of  bringing  more  of  their  chiefs  with  them  in  forty  days  after 
their  arrival,  for  a  final  issue  of  all  differences. 

Several  constructions  and  censures  were  passed  on  this  treaty  *, 
some  thinking  the  English  were  more  forward  for  a  peace  than  the 
Indians,  and  that  as  we  now  knew  their  head  quarters,  might 
easily  destroy  their  corn,  and  disrest  them  in  their  fishery,  which 
would  bring  them  to  a  ready  composition.  Although  the  Pe- 
nobscot Indians  seemed  guarantee  for  the  other  tribes,  yet  as 
we  knew  them  treacherous,  we  could  put  no  confidence  in  them. 


'(v 


118 


IPcnftalloto's  hibian  Mars. 


but  rather  lay  ourselves  open  unto  a  snare,  and  become  the 
more  secure !  Something  like  this  accordingly  fell  out ;  for  on 
September  15th,  a  party  of  them  fell  on  some  of  Cocheco  while 
at  work  in  the  field,  where  they  slew  one,  scalped  another,  cut 
off  the  head  of  a  third,  and  carried  a  fourth  captive ;  all  which 
belonged  to  the  family  of  the  Evans'.* 

A  few  days  after,  another  party  attacked  a  garrison  at  North 
Yarmouth,  but  were  so  stoutly  repulsed  that  they  made  no  im- 
pression ;  but  at  their  drawing  off,  killed  several  cattle.  Two 
days  after,  some  appeared  at  Mowsum,  and  then  at  Damaris 
Cove,  which  lies  eastward  of  Kennebeck,  and  is  two  leagues 
within  the  line  agreed  upon ;  where  they  took  and  burnt  two 
shallops  which  belonged  to  Stephen  Hunuel  and  Alexander 
Soaper,  who  with  five  men  and  a  boy,  they  carried  to  the  Win- 
niganse,  and  knocked  him  on  the  head.  Some  conjectured  these 
Indians  came  from  Canada ;  others,  that  they  belonged  to  the 
eastward,  for  that  an  English  jacket  was  afterwards  seen  on  one 
of  them ;  but  the  eastern  Indians  laid  it  on  the  other. 

At  the  same  time  the  English  had  several  companies  out  at 
Ameriscoggin,  Rockamagug,  Norridgwock,  &c. ;  where  Col. 
Harmon  and  others  went,  but  made  no  discovery.  Some 
thought  that  we  hereby  infringed  on  the  articles  made  between 
them  and  us,  unto  which  it  may  be  replied,  that  these  places 
were  not  within  the  Penobscot  line ;  and  although  they  promised 

[*Tlie  Indiatis  hail  come  down  to  Cocheco,  with  a  dosfgn  to  take  the  family  of  Hauson  af^aiu.  When  they 
had  come  near  the  huiw',  thoy  ol)serv(>d  some  people  at  work  in  a  neighboring  tield,  by  which  it  was  necessary  for 
thom  to  pass,  both  in  going  and  returning.  This  obliged  them  to  alter  their  purpose,  and  conceal  themselves  In  a 
barn,  till  they  were  ready  to  attack  thom.  Two  women  passed  by  the  barn  while  they  were  in  it,  and  had  jnst 
reached  the  garrison  as  the  gmis  were  fired.  Thoy  shot  Benjamin  Evans  dead  on  the  spot ;  wounded  William 
Bvans  and  cut  bis  throat.  John  Kvans  rooeived  a  slight  wound  in  the  breast,  which  bleeding  plentifully,  deceived 
them,  and  thinking  him  dead,  thoy  stripped  and  scalped  him.  He  bore  the  painful  operation  without  discovering 
any  signs  of  life,  though  all  the  time  in  his  perfect  senses,  and  continued  in  the  feigned  appearance  of  death,  till 
they  turned  him  over,  and  struck  him  several  blows  with  their  grna,  and  loft  him  for  dead.  After  they  were  gone 
off,  ho  rose  and  walked,  naked  and  bloody,  towards  the  garrison  ;  bnf  on  meeting  his  frienils  by  the  way,  dropped, 
fainting  on  the  ground,  and  being  covered  with  u  blanket,  was  conveyed  to  the  house.  Ho  recovered  and  lived 
fifty  years.  A  pursuit  was  niado  after  the  enoniy,  but  they  got  off  undiscovered,  carrying  with  them  Benjamin 
Evans,  Jr.  a  lad  of  13,  to  Canadt,  whence  be  was  afterwards  redeemed. — 2  Belkmp,  Sn.]  ,      ^ 


■1 


?Penf)aUob3's  hxtian  Wiax3. 


119 


to  do  what  they  could  in  restraining  others  from  falling  on  the 
English,  yet  as  several  scouts  fror^  other  places  were  then  out, 
they  could  not  absolutely  engage  for  them ;  wherefore  it  was 
now  requisite  for  us  to  secure  our  frontiers.* 

About  the  28th  September,  1725,  Capt  D wight  of  fort  Dum- 
mer,  sent  out  a  scout  of  six  men,  west,  who  being  upon  their 
return  sat  down  to  refresh  themselves ;  and  hearing  a  noise  like 
running,  looked  up,  and  saw  fourteen  Indians  just  upon  them. 
Our  men  fired  at  the  enemy,  but  were  soon  overpowered  by  the 
Indians,  who  killed  two,  took  three,  and  one  escaped. 

The  forty  days  beforementioned,  for  coming  in  of  the  Penob- 
scot Indians,  with  those  of  the  other  tribes,  being  nearly  twice 
expired,  gave  great  uneasiness  for  fear  of  some  mischief  that  was 
designed.  But  in  the  beginning  of  November,  the  several  Cap- 
tains hereafter  mentioned  came  in,  viz.,  Sauguaaram,  alias  So- 
run,  Arexus,  Francois  Xavier,  Meganumba,  where  the  following- 
submission  and  agreement  was  concluded  on. 

The  submission  and  agreement   of  the  delegates  of  the  eastern 

Indians. 

Whereas  the  several  tribes  of  eastern  Indians,  viz.,  the  Pe- 
nobscot, Norridgwock,  St.  John's,  Cape  Sables,  and  other  tribes 
inhabiting  within  his  Majesty's  territories  of  New-England  and 
Nova-Scotia,  who  have  been  engaged  in  the  present  war,  from 
whom  we  Sattguaaram^  alias  Sorun,  Arexits,  Francois-Xavier,  and 
Meganumba,  are  delegated  and  fully  empowered  to  enter  into 
articles  of  pacification  with  his  Majesty's  governments  of  the 

[  ^  August  26, 1726,  deacon  F.ald,  deacon  Ghilds,  and  others,  were  going  up  to  Groen  river  farms,  and  were 
nmbnshed  by  the  Indians,  but  they  discovered  the  Indians,  and  John  Wells  diacharged  his  gun  at  an  Indian,  who 
fell ;  the  Indians  fired  at  them,  and  wounded  deacon  Samuel  Field,  the  ball  passing  through  the  right  hypocondria, 
catting  off  three  plaits  of  the  mysenteria,  which  hung  out  of  the  wound,  in  length  almost  two  inches,  which  whs 
cut  off  even  with  the  body,  the  bullet  passing  between  the  lowest  and  the  next  rib,  cutting,  at  its  going  forth,  the 
lowest  rib :  his  hand  being  close  to  the  body  when  the  ball  came  forth,  it  entered  at  the  root  of  the  heel  of  the 
thnmb,  cutting  the  bone  of  the  fore  finger,  and,  resting  between  the  fore  and  second  finger,  was  cut  out,  and  all  the 
wounds  were  cured  in  less  than  fire  weeks,  by  doctor  Thomas  Hastings. — App.  to  Williaiiu'  Narrative,  j).  1 12.] 


A 


120 


^mtallob^^  Ihilrtan  Wiax^. 


Massachusetts  Bay,  New-Hampshire  and  Nova-Scotia;  have, 
contrary  to  the  several  treaties  they  have  solemnly  entered  into 
with  the  said  governments,  made  an  open  rupture,  and  have 
continued  some  years  in  acts  of  hostility  against  the  subjects  of 
his  Majesty  King  George,  within  the  said  governments ;  they 
being  now  sensible  of  the  miseries  and  troubles  they  have  in- 
volved themselves  in,  and  being  desirous  to  be  restored  to  his 
Majesty's  grace  and  favor,  and  to  live  in  peace  with  all  his  Ma- 
jesty's subjects  of  the  said  three  governments  and  the  province 
of  New- York  and  colonies  of  Connecticut  and  Rhode-Island,  and 
that  all  former  acts  of  injury  be  forgotten  :  have  concluded  to 
make,  and  we  do  by  these  presents  in  the  name  and  behalf  of 
the  said  tribes,  make  our  submission  unto  his  most  excellent 
Majesty  George,  by  the  grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain,  France 
and  Ireland,  king,  defender  of  the  faith  &c.,  in  as  full  and  am- 
ple manner  as  any  of  our  predecessors  have  heretofore  done. 

And  we  do  hereby  promise  and  engage  with  the  Hon.  William 
Dummer,  Esq.  as  he  is  Lieut.  Governor  and  commander-in-chief, 
of  his  majesty's  province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  with 
the  governors  or  commanders-in-chief  of  the  said  province,  for 
the  time  being :  that  is  to  say — 

We,  the  said  delegates,  for,  and  in  behalf  of  the  several  tribes 
aforesaid,  do  promise  and  engage — That  at  all  times,  forever, 
from  and  after  the  date  of  these  presents,  we  and  they  will  cease 
and  forbear  all  acts  of  hostility,  injuries  and  discord,  towards  all 
the  subjects  of  the  crown  of  Great  Britain,  and  not  offer  the 
least  hurt,  violence  or  molestation  to  them  or  any  of  them  in 
their  persons  or  estates,  but  will  henceforward  hold  and  main- 
tain a  firm  and  constant  amity  and  friendship  with  all  the  Eng- 
lish, and  will  never  confederate  or  combine  with  any  other  na- 
tion to  their  prejudice. 

That  all  the  captives  taken  in  this  present  war  shall,  at  or 


?3cnf)aUob3'!5  tnbian  Wiax^, 


121 


before  the  time  of  the  further  ratification  of  this  treaty,  be  re- 
stored, without  any  rannoui  or  payment  to  be  made  for  them  or 
any  of  them. 

Tliat  his  Majesty's  subjects  the  English,  shall  and  may 
peaceably  and  quietly,  enter  upon,  improve  and  forever  enjoy 
all  and  singular  their  rights  of  land  and  former  settlements, 
properties  and  possessions,  within  the  eastern  parts  of  the  said 
province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay;  together  with  all  islands, 
inlets,  shores,  beaches  and  fishery  within  the  same,  without  any 
molestation  or  claims  by  us  or  any  other  Indians,  and  be  in  no 
ways  molested,  interrupted,  or  disturbed  therein. 

Saving  unto  the  Penobscot,  Noixidgwock,  and  other  tribes 
within  his  Majesty's  province  aforesaid,  and  their  natural  de- 
scendants respectively,  all  their  lands,  liberties  and  properties 
not  by  them  conveyed  or  sold  to  or  possessed  by  any  of  the 
English  subjects  as  aforesaid ;  as  also  the  privilege  of  fishing, 
hunting  and  fowling,  as  formerly. 

That  all  trade  and  commerce  which  may  hereafter  be  allowed 
betwixt  the  English  and  the  Indians,  shall  be  under  such  man- 
agement and  regulation,  as  the  government  of  the  Massachu- 
setts province  shall  direct. 

If  any  controversy  or  ditference  at  any  time  hereafter  happen 
to  arise  between  any  of  the  English  and  Indians,  for  any  real  or 
su])posed  wrong  or  injury  done  on  either  side,  no  private  re- 
venge shall  be  taken  for  the  same,  but  proper  application  shall 
be  made  to  his  Majesty's  government,  upon  the  place  for  remedy 
or  redress  thereof,  in  a  due  course  of  justice.  We  submitting 
ourselves  to  be  ruled  and  governed  by  his  Majesty's  laws,  and 
desiring  to  have  the  benefit  of  the  same. 

We  also,  the  said  delegates,  in  behalf  of  the  tribes  of  Indians 

inhabiting  within  llie  French  territories,  (who  have  assisted  us 

in  this  war)  foi-  whonFwe  are  fully  empowered  to  act  in  this 
11  ,.  .     • 


122 


iPenftalloto^s  hitnim  Wiaxs. 


ii 


'fl 


present  treaty,  do  hereby  promise  and  engage,  that  they  and 
every  of  them  shall  henceforth  cease  and  forbear  all  acts  of  hos- 
tility, force  and  violence,  towards  all  and  every,  the  subjects  of 
his  Majesty,  the  King  of  Great  Britain. 

We  do  further  in  the  behalf  of  the  Penobscot  Indians  pro- 
mise and  engage,  that  if  any  of  the  other  tribes  intended  to 
be  included  in  this  treaty,  shall  notwithstanding,  refuse  to  con- 
firm and  ratify  this  present  treaty  entered  into  on  their  behalf, 
and  continue  or  renew  acts  of  hostility  against  the  English,  in 
such  case,  the  said  Penobscot  tribe,  shall  join  their  young  men 
with  the  English  in  reducing  them  to  reason. 

In  the  next  place,  we  the  afore-named  delegates  do  promise 
and  engage  with  the  Honorable  John  Wentworth,  Esq.,  as  he  is 
Lieut.  Governor  and  commander  in  chief  of  his  Majesty's  pro- 
vince of  New-Hampshire,  and  with  the  governors  and  com- 
manders in  chief  of  the  said  province  for  the  time  being,  that 
we  and  the  tribes  wo  are  deputed  from,  will  henceforth  cease  and 
forbear  all  acts  of  hostility,  injuries  and  discords,  towards  all 
the  subjects  of  his  Majesty  King  George,  within  the  said  pro- 
vince ;  and  we  do  understand  and  take  it,  that  the  said  govern- 
ment of  New-Hampshire,  is  also  included  and  comprehended  in 
all  and  every  of  the  articles  aforegoing,  excepting  that  article 
respecting  the  regulating  the  trade  with  us. 

And  further,  we  the  aforenamed  delegates  do  promise  and  en- 
gage with  the  Hon.  Lawrence  Armstrong,  Esq.,  Lieut,  governor 
and  commander  in  chief  of  his  Majesty's  province  of  Nova-Sco- 
tia or  Accadia,  to  live  in  peace  with  his  Majesty's  good  subjects 
and  their  dependents  in  that  government,  according  to  the  arti- 
cles agreed  on  with  Major  Paul  Mascarene,  commissioned  for 
that  purpose ;  and  further  to  be  ratified  as  ixientioned  in  the 
said  articles. 

That  this  present  treaty  shall  be  accepted,  ratified  and  con- 


iPentallob's  Intrian  JBSars* 


123 


firmed,  in  a  public  and  solemn  manner,  by  the  chiefs  of  the 
several  eastern  tribes  of  Indians  included  therein  at  Falmouth 
in  Casco  Bay,  some  time  in  the  month  of  May  next.  In  testi- 
mony whereof,  we  have  signed  these  presents,  and  affixed  our 
seals. 

Dated  at  the  Council  Chamber  in  Boston  in  New-England, 
this  fifteenth  day  of  December,  Anno  Domini,  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  twenty-five.  Anno  Regni  Regis  Georgii 
Magnse  Britannise,  &c..  Duodecimo. 


Sauguaaram 


Arexus 


alias  Jjyron, 


Francois      ^J^    "^        Xavier.' 


Megamimha. , 


A  true  copy  taken  from  the  original,  executed  by  the  Indian 
delegates  before  the  General  assembly,  December  15,  1725. 

Attest,     /.  Willard,  Seer. 

Thus  wc  have  seen  the  events  of  twenty-three  years,  in  most 
of  which  we  have  heard  nothing  but  the  "  sound  of  the  trumpet, 
and  the  alarm  of  war."  And  in  the  time  of  the  intervening 
peace,  we  met  with  many  interruptions  and  acts  of  hostility^ 
which  prevented  the  growth  of  our  eastern  settlements. 


It  is  surprizing  to  think  that  so  small  a  number  of  Indians 
should  be  able  to  distress  a  country  so  largo  and  po[)ulous,  to 
the  degree  we  have  related.  The  charge  of  the  war  in  the  last 
three  years,  was  no  less  than  one  hundred  and  seventy  thousand 
pounds ;  besides  the  constant  charge  of  watching,  warding, 
scouting,  making  and  repairing  of  garrisons,  &c.,  which  may 
modestly  be  computed  at  upwards  of  scAonty  thousand  pounds 
more.  Yet  after  all,  the  enemy  have  but  little  cause  of  triumph ; 
for  that  one  third  of  them  (at  least)  have  been  destroyed,  and 
one  of  their  tribes  so  shattered  (at  Norridgwock)  that  they  are 
never  more  likely  to  make  any  formidable  head. 

Now,  as  peace  seems  once  more  to  be  conpluded  by  the 
treaty  before  mentioned,  the  greatest  difficulty  will  be  to  sup- 
port andmaintain  it.  If  trading  houses,  which  are  now  resolved 
on,  (by  the  wisdom  of  the  government)  be  well  regulated,  it  may 
(under  God)  be  a  means  of  our  tranquility ;  especially  if  the 
government  can  also  prevail  with  them  to  receive  the  ministry 
for  their  instruction  in  the  principles  of  the  true  religion. 

But  although  it  was  agreed  on  with  the  several  delegates  that 
the  treaty  should  be  ratified  and  confirmed  in  a  public  and  so- 
lemn manner  by  the  chiefs  of  the  several  tribes  of  the  eastern 
Indians  at  Falmouth  in  Casco  Bay,  some  time  in  the  month  of 
May ;  yet  when  that  time  came  they  were  not  ready  for  it,  but 
seemed  for  some  time  uncertain  and  dilatory.  Nevertheless  the 
government  from  time  to  time  received  advices  of  their  contin- 
ued desires  of  ])eace;  and  resolving  that  the  failure  should  not 
be  on  our  part,  his  honor,  the  Lieutenant  Governor,  with  a  quo- 
rum of  his  Majesty's  council,  ai\d  a  number  of  gentlemen  from 
the  house  of  representatives,  attended  with  a  good  guard,  and  a 
fine  train  of  young  gentlemen,  set  out  from  Boston,  on  July  14, 
and  arrived  at  Falmouth  the  Itith. 

On  the  21st,  his  Honor  received  a  letter  from  Wenemovet, 


ipenftallotD^s  Inbian  Wars. 


125 


Sagamore  and  chief  Sachem  of  the  Penobscot  tribe,  dated  at  St. 
George's  July  19th,  praying  him  to  meet  the  Indians  at  Pema- 
quid;  which  his  honour  absolutely  refused,  requiring  him  to 
come  to  Casco,  and  promising  him  safe  conduct. 

On  the  29th,  Wenemovet  arrived,  with  a  number  of  his  prin- 
cipal  men  and  others,  about  forty,  and  on  the  thirtieth  the  con- 
ference for  the  ratification  of  the  late  Treaty  was  entered  on  ;  and 
on  the  sixth  of  August  it  was  concluded. 

The  Penobscot  tribe  only  appeared,  but  in  behalf  of  all  the 
other  tribes.  The  Canada  tribes  had  been  sent  to  bv  them,  and 
had  sent  a  letter  (as  they  said)  with  two  wampum  belts ;  the 
one  for  their  brethren  of  Penobscot,  in  token  I  sup})ose  of  their 
being  concluded  by  them  in  the  present  treaty,  the  other  to  be 
presented  to  our  Governor  upon  the  ratification  of  the  treaty; 
which  was  accordingly  presented. 

The  Lieut.  Governor  demanded  of  them,  why  the  Norridg- 
wocks  were  not  there?  Wenemovet  answered,  that  they  had 
full  power  to  act  for  them  and  for  the  Wowenocks  and  the  Arre- 
guntenocks,  and  the  St.  Francois. 

The  governments  had  many  and  large  conferences  with  the 
Indians ;  worthy  to  be  communicated  to  the  publick,  and  which 
would  be  an  entertainment  to  the  curious.  In  these  conferences 
the  discretion  and  ])rudcnce  of  the  salvages  was  observable  as 
well  as  the  wisdom,  justice,  equity  and  tenderness  of  the 
governors  on  our  part. 

One  of  the  first  things  that  the  Indians  desired  of  our  govern- 
ors was,  that  they  would  give  order  that  the  vessels  in  the  har- 
bor as  well  as  the  taverns  ashore  might  be  restrained  from  sell- 
ing any  liquors  to  their  young  men.  The  governor  told  them, 
that  he  very  much  approved  of  that,  and  ^^  ould  give  order  ac- 
cordingly. 

On  Saturday  July  30th,  when  the  conference  for  the  day  was 
11* 


'  i 


126 


IPcufjallob^s  intian  Wars. 


over,  the  Lieut.  Governor  told  them,  "to-morrow  is  the  Lord's- 
Day,  on  which  we  do  no  bnsiness."  Loron,  their  speaker, 
answered  readily,  "to-morrow  is  oiii*  Sabhath  Day ;  we  also  keep 
the  Day." 

It  may  be  a  pleasure  to  the  reader  to  ha\e  the  words  of  the 
ratification  of  the  treaty,  both  on  our  [)art  and  also  on  the  part 
of  the  Indians. 

On  the  Indian's  part,  it  ran  in  the  following  words. 

We  tlie  underwritten  Wenemovot,  (;hief  iSacli(Uii  and  Saga- 
more of  the  Penobscot  tribe,  and  other  the  chiefs  with  the  rest 
of  the  said  tribe  now  couAented,  having  had  the  within  articles 
of  Peace  distinct! v  and  deliberutelv  read  over  aiid  interin'eted  to 
us:  do  by  these  presents  in  a  pul)lick  and  solemn  manner,  as 
well  for  ourselves  as  tor  all  the  within  mentioned  tribes,  from 
whom  we  are  delegated  and  fully  im powered,  ratify,  aliirm  and 
confirm  all  and  singular  the  within  articles  of  Peace,  to  His  most 
Sacred  Majesty  King  George ;  and  tliat  the  same  and  each  of 
them  be,  and  shall  continue  and  rcnain  in  full  force,  efficacy 
and  power,  to  all  intents  and  purposes  whatsoever. 

Done  and  concluded  at  Falmouth  in  Casco  Bay  before  his 
Honour  William  Dummer,  Esq.  Lieut,  governor  and  com. 
mander  in  chief  of  his  Majesty's  province  of  the  ^lassachusetts 
Bay  in  Xew-England,  and  his  Majesty's  council  of  said  province 
the  Hon.  John  Wentworth  Esq.  Lieut,  governor  of  his  Majes- 
ty's province  of  IS^nv-IIampshire,  an<l  several  of  his  Majesty's 
council  of  said  province,  and  Major  Paul  Mascarcne,  delegated 
from  his  Majesty's  proxince  of  Nova-Scotia,  or  L'Accadia  ;  and 
the  several  gentlemen  that  subscril)e  hereto. 

Witness  our  hands  and  seals,  the  fifth  day  of  August,  in  the 
thirteenth  year  of  the  reign  of  our  sovereign  lord  George,  by  the 
grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain,  France,  and  Ireland,  King,  de- 
fender of  the  faith,  &c.  annoq.  dom.  1726. 


f5mf)albiD*3     itrian  ^^am 


127 


On  our  part,  the  ratification  )f  tho  treaty  ran  thus.  By  the 
Honourable  William  Duuniior,  Esq.  Liout.  governor  and  com- 
mander in  chief  of  his  Majesty's  [)rovince  of  the  Massachusetts- 
Bay  in  IS'^ew-England. 

Whereas  Wenemovet,  the  chief  sachem  of  Penobscot,  with 
others  his  chiefs  and  the  rest  of  said  ti'ibe,  convented  at  Casco 
bay  the  5th  day  of  August,  1726,  having  solemnly  and  publickly 
ratified  the  treaty  of  submission,  made  at  J3oston  the  15th  day 
of  December  last,  and  delivered  t\w  same  to  me,  which  I  have 
according  accepted. 

I  do  hereby  ratify  and  confirm  all  the  articles  in  the  within 
mentioned  instrument. 

Given  under  my  hand  and  seal  at  arms,  at  Falmouth,  in  Casco 
bay,  the  sixth  day  of  August,  in  the  thirteenth  year  of  the 
reign  of  our  sovereign  lord  King  George,  by  the  grace  of  God 
of  Great  Britain,  &c.  annoq.  dom.  172(3. 

WILLIAM  DTJMMER. 

By  the  command  of  his  honour 
the  Lieut,  governor, 

John  WaimvrigJif, 

Clerk  of  the  Council. 

After  the  ratification  was  over,  the  Lieut,  governor  among 
other  things,  desired  them  to  say,  what  measures  they  propos'd  to 
take,  whereby  the  inhabitants  on  our  frontiers  may  be  made  easy 
and  safe,  notwithstanding  the  Norridgwocks,  &c.  who  did  not 
personally  appear  to  ratify  the  articles  of  the  present  treaty? 

They  answered,  that  they  would  have  the  inhabitants  of  the 
frontiers  to  be  very  careful,  and  that  as  soon  as  they  return'd 
home  it  should  be  their  first  care  to  send  to  all  the  tribes,  and  let 
them  know  that  there  is  a  peace  made. 

The  Lieut,  governor  ask'd  them,  will  you  lay  your  commands 


i! 


128 


)^mi)aUota'»  inbian  WLax^. 


and  injunctions  on  tho  other  tribes  for  that  purpose,  as  far  na 
you  are  able  ?  Loron  answered,  wc  will  do  our  utmost  to  oblige 
'em  to  live  peaceably  towards  us. 

The  Lieut,  governor  replied,  do  you  say  you  will  resent  it,  if 
any  hostile  acts  or  injuries  should  bo  committed  against  our 
people  ? 

Loron.  Wo  will  resent  such  actions,  and  join  our  young  men 
with  yours  in  such  a  case,  an<l  oblige  them  to  be  quiet  and  sit 
down.  We  mean,  in  case  any  of  the  tribes  should  rise  against 
us,  or  resist  us,  we  will  take  cHcctunl  means  to  sot  them  down 
by  force.  As  to  the  first  treaty  we  reckoned  ourselves  obliged  to 
this,  but  Ave  accoimt  wc  are  under  much  more  and  stronger  ob- 
ligations to  it  now ;  since  the  engagements  our  whole  tribe  luivo 
taken  upon  them,  in  ratifying  the  articles  of  the  treaty.  W\* 
shall  take  effectual  care  therefore  that  any  such  persons  br 
obliged  to  sit  down. 

We  have  given  onr  words,  and  repeated  our  promises  and  en- 
gagements ;  and  our  words  arc  written  down,  and  they  will  up* 
pear  afterwards  against  us. 

When  the  whole  conference  was  transcribed,  it  was  on  August 
11,  (may  the  day  be  memorable  and  happy  to  us  and  ours  [d'tcr 
us)  distinctly  read  over  and  interpreted  to  Wenemovet  and  the 
Indians  with  him :  and  the  Lieut,  governor  asked  them  if  they 
understood  it,  and  whether  it  was  rightly  taken  down  ?  They 
answered,  that  the  conference  was  rightly  taken  down,  and  not 
a  word  missing  in  it. 

His  honour  then  for  their  more  full  satisfaction  subscribed 
his  name  to  it,  and  then  delivered  it  to  Wenemovet,  chief  sa- 
chem, who  with  his  principal  men  suoscribed  to  it,  and  delivered 
it  back  to  his  honour. 

And  thus  we  hope  by  the  will  of  God,  that  a  happy  founda- 
tion is  laid  for  a  lasting  peace.     And  we  cannot  conclude  with- 


?9rnl)aUoU)'s  tnbiau  Wiax^, 


129 


out  a  thankful  acknowledgment  of  the  great  favour  and  nicnjy 
of  God  to  us,  in  the  wise  conduct  given  unto  his  honour  the 
Lieut,  governor,  both  in  the  management  of  the  war,  and  also  of 
the  treaty  of  peace.  May  the  comforts  and  rewards  of  a  faith- 
ful administration  remain  to  him  for  ever ;  and  the  happy  fruits 
of  peace  unto  these  provinces.    Finis. 


The/oUowing  Lines  were  writim  by  Mr.  Thoman  C.  Vpham,  "o  N.  Hampshire  poet,'  on  t/t9 
occanion  of  a  oinil  to  the  place  oj  LoveweU'a  Fights* 

Ah!  whore  arc  tho  sokliors  that  fought  here  of  yoro? 
Tho  sod  is  upon  thein,  they'll  struggle  no  more. 
The  hutchot  is  fallen,  tho  red  nmn  is  low; 
But  near  him  reposes  tho  arm  of  his  foe. 

Tho  bugle  is  silent,  the  war-whoop  is  dead : 
There's  a  nuinnur  of  waters  and  woods  iu  their  stead 
And  the  ruvon  and  owl  chant  a  sy.Tii)hony  drear, 
From  i\w  dark  waving  pines  o'er  the  combatant's  bier. 

The  liitiit  of  the  sua  has  just  sunk  in  the  wave, 
And  H  long  timo  ago  sat  the  sim  of  the  brave. 
Tho  waters  complain,  as  they  roll  o'er  tho  stones, 
And  the  rank  grass  encircles  a  few  soatter'd  bones. 

The  names  of  the  fallen  the  traveller  leaves 

Cut  out  with  his  knife  in  the  bark  of  the  trees, 

But  little  avail  his  affectionate  arts, 

For  the  names  of  the  fallen  are  graved  in  our  hearts. 

The  voice  of  the  hunter  is  loud  on  the  breeze, 
There's  a  dashing  of  waters,  a  rustling  of  trees ; 
But  the  jangling  of  armour  hath  all  pass'd  away, 
No  gushing  of  llfeblood  is  here  seen  to  day. 

The  eye  that  was  sparkling,  no  longer  is  bright. 
The  arm  of  tho  mighty,  death  conquered  its  might, 
The  bosoms  that  once  for  their  country  beat  high, 
To  those  bosoms  the  sods  of  the  valley  are  nigh. 

Sleep,  soldiers  of  merit,  sleep,  gallants  of  yore, 
The  hatchet  is  fallen,  the  struggle  is  o'er. 
"While  th^  fir  tree  is  green  and  the  wind  rolls  a  wave. 
The  tear  drop  shall  brighten  the  turf  of  the  brave. 


'  Taken  from  Farmer  and  Moore's  Col.  I,  36. 


